Case Report The silicone oil is widely used as an intraocular tamponade after vitrectomy but its complications were frequently found in postoperative period. The cataract was one of the most common complications in the eyes filled with silicone oil. The cataract in the eyes filled with silicone oil can be removed with either the intracapsular or the extracapsular-extraction technique. But these surgical techniques have two major problems: posterior capsular fibrosis and intraoperative loss of silicone oil. We report two cases of complicated cataract in the eyes filled with silicone oil which those were successfully performed by lens aspiration or extracapsular cataract extraction with large posterior continuous circular capsulorhexis and basal iridectomy without any loss of silicone oil under the continuous positive pressure achieved with an anterior chamber maintainer such as healon and balaneed salt solution.
Anterior Chamber ; Capsulorhexis ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Catheters* ; Fibrosis ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Iridectomy ; Postoperative Period ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy

BACKGROUND: More than 90% of acute stroke patients have measurable cardiovascular sequelae, but we have been often overlooked in formal discussions of treatment. If we estimate the incidence of myocardial injury in patient with spontaneous SAH, we may figure the possibility of cardiac dysfunction in such patients. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of myocardial injury in patients with spontaneous SAH using cardiac troponin I(cTnI). METHODS: A prospective single emergency center study was performed to determined preoperative incidence of unrecognized cardiac injury in patients suffering spontaneous SAH. We include the spontaneous SAH patients who underwent serum measurements of the cardic troponin I immediately upon admission last six month period. ECG, CK, CK-MB and myoglobin were also performed at admission. We excluded the spontaneous SAH patients who had past history of myocardial ischemia and ECG abnormality. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients(34 females, 18 males) with spontaneous SAH were studied prospectively. 18 patients(34.6% of the total study population) had cTnI level above 0.5ng/ml. ECG was performed in 52 patients and was abnormal in 15 of the 52 patients(28.8%). CONCLUSION: The measurement of cTnI has provided physicians with a myocardial marker that has a cardiac sensitivity for cardiac injury equal to that of CK-MB yet with greater specificity. So, cardiac troponin I is useful to estimate the incidence of myocardial injury in patients with spontaneous SAH. And we may estimate the possibility of cardiac dysfunction in such patients. This knowledge will hopefully aid in the care and improve the outcome.
Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Myoglobin ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke ; Troponin I* ; Troponin*

Medical students’ career choices hold significant importance at both individual and national levels. Therefore, Chungnam National University College of Medicine aimed to systematize its revised career fair in 2022, basing its efforts on a career planning process model. Chungnam National University College of Medicine sought to formalize the design process by utilizing the ADDIE model (analysis design, development, implementation, evaluation model) in developing programs for the career fair program. Throughout the entire process, the student support center and student council actively collaborated, striving to incorporate students’ requests and opinions. They designed and developed a program for all stages of the career planning process. However, a new stage (“review & reflection”) was added to the existing 4-phase model, creating a transformed framework where this stage interacts with the original 4 phases. Each stage involved portfolios, career aptitude tests, career-related lectures, posters with introductory information about majors, and booths for each major. The revised career fair attracted double the expected participants (N=589). The program evaluation survey showed overall positive responses (N=135). Additionally, some factors in the Specialty Indecision Scale showed significant differences between before and after the career fair. The success of the newly developed career fair at Chungnam National University College of Medicine can be attributed to its systematic framework and the active involvement of students throughout the process. However, for aspects with long-term implications, such as “understand yourself” and “choose your specialty,” there may be a need for supplementary programs.

Corneal and conjunctival squamous epithelial cells have been known to express the mucin MUC1. We attempted to reveal the expression and localizational characteristics of the membrane-spanning mucin MUC1 as a component of the mucous layer in the human corneal epithelium. An antibody to the MUC1 was used to detect the MUC1 on the corneal epithelium by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent staining. In situ hybridization was performed to determine the distribution of MUC1 mRNA in the ocular surface. Immunohistochemically, the MUC1 mucin was observed along the apical membranes of the corneal epithelium. According to immunofluorescent staining, cells varied in the amount of mucin MUC1. Expression of MUC1 mRNA was observed in all layers of the corneal epithelium. The MUC1 mucin synthesized by the corneal epithelia exists on the apical membrane of the superficial cells. The amount of MUC1 may vary with the vertical migration and the activity of the cells.
Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium, Corneal* ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Membranes ; Mucin-1 ; Mucins ; RNA, Messenger

In vitro ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) dependent satellitism and phagocytosis of platelets by neutrophils have been considered to be rare phenomena. It is associated with pseudothrombocytopenia, abnormal histogram of platelets and pseudoleukocytosis on complete blood cell count (CBC) by automated blood cell counter, but these findings are not found in heparinized or sodium citrated blood. It has no clinical significance such as bleeding tendency or abnormal platelet function. EDTA dependent platelet satellitosis and phagocytosis must be differentiated from true thrombocytopenia. We report a case of EDTA dependent platelet phagocytosis by neutrophils in a 68 year-old male patient who was diagnosed as mycosis fungoides. His EDTA blood smear showed frequent phagocytosis of platelets by neutrophils and occasional platelet satellitism. The bood cell counts were within normal limits without pseudothrombocytopenia. Phagocytized platelets were confirmed by immunohistochemistry using GpIIb/IIIa antibody and transmission electron micrographs.
Aged ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Platelets* ; Cell Count ; Edetic Acid* ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mycosis Fungoides* ; Neutrophils* ; Phagocytosis* ; Sodium ; Thrombocytopenia

PURPOSE: To determine whether insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) affects transforming growth factor (TGF-beta)- mediated fibronectin accumulation in human lens epithelial cell line (HLE B-3) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HLE B-3 cells were incubated for 24 hours with TGF-beta (10ng/ mL), IGF-1 (10ng/mL), or both. Expression of the fibronectin gene was determined using a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fibronectin levels were examined using western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Expression of the fibronectin gene was not different between the TGF-beta/IGF-1 treated group and the TGF-beta treated group (p= 0.116). However, western blot analysis demonstrated decreased fibronectin levels in human lens epithelial cells treated with TGF-beta and IGF-1 compared to those treated with TGF-beta only (p < 0.01). Immunofluorescence staining disclosed inhibition of TGF-beta-induced fibronectin in the presence of IGF-1. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that IGF-1 counteracts TGF-beta-mediated fibronectin accumulation in human lens epithelial cells.
Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Fibronectins/*genetics/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/*pharmacology ; Lens, Crystalline/cytology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/*pharmacology

BACKGROUND: An increase in ventilation is known to accelerate the rate of the rise of alveolar concentration of inhalation anesthetics and increase the rate of anesthetic induction. However, it is still debatable whether or not a rise of alveolar isoflurane concentrations by increased minute ventilation (MV) actually increases the depth of anesthesia. METHODS: After anesthetic induction by intravenous thiopental and succinylcholine, and after the bispectral index (BIS) had recovered to 75 after intubation, isoflurane anesthesia was begun (inspired concentration:2 vol.%, respiratory rate:12/min, tidal volume: group I; 8 ml/kg, group II; 12 ml/kg). BIS, spectral edge frequency (SEF), blood pressure, pulse rate were recorded 1 minute before induction, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 minutes after isoflurane anesthesia. End-tidal concentrations of isoflurane and CO2 (ET-iso and -CO2) were recorded at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 minutes after isoflurane anesthesia. RESULTS: The increase of ET-iso and the decrease of ET-CO2 were significantly fast in group II. There was no difference in BIS and SEF between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing MV induced a rapid rise of alveolar isoflurane concentrations, but changes of BIS and SEF were not affected by increased MV.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Intubation ; Isoflurane* ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation*

Background: Female farmers have a high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in South Korea. Femoral bowing has been reported to be related to KOA by increasing load on the mechanical axis. This study aimed to investigate factors related to femoral bowing in Korean female farmers. Methods: We analyzed the legs of 264 female farmers registered with the Korea farmers' knee cohort of Jeonnam Center for Farmers' Safety and Health. A structured questionnaire was used to determine sociodemographic variables, agricultural career, cumulative squatting working time (CSWT), and cumulative heavy lifting working time. Femoral bone density was measured and Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades were obtained from the knee radiographs.Mechanical axis angle (MAA), femoral bowing angle (FBA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), anatomical medial proximal tibial angle (aMPTA), and condylar-plateau angle (CPA) were measured. We examined the relationship between the FBA and related factors by using multiple linear regression. Results: The proportion of individuals with radiographic KOA (≥ KL grade 2) in this study was 37.9%. As KL grades increased, MAA, FBA, and CPA increased, whereas aLDFA and aMPTA decreased. FBA increased with age. Multiple linear regression analyses using FBA as a dependent variable showed relationship with higher age, lower height, higher BMI, lower bone mineral density, longer CSWT, and longer agricultural careers. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that external factors related to agricultural work in female farmers was associated with femoral bowing, in addition to internal factors such as age, bone density, height, and obesity.

Background: Female farmers have a high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in South Korea. Femoral bowing has been reported to be related to KOA by increasing load on the mechanical axis. This study aimed to investigate factors related to femoral bowing in Korean female farmers. Methods: We analyzed the legs of 264 female farmers registered with the Korea farmers' knee cohort of Jeonnam Center for Farmers' Safety and Health. A structured questionnaire was used to determine sociodemographic variables, agricultural career, cumulative squatting working time (CSWT), and cumulative heavy lifting working time. Femoral bone density was measured and Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades were obtained from the knee radiographs.Mechanical axis angle (MAA), femoral bowing angle (FBA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), anatomical medial proximal tibial angle (aMPTA), and condylar-plateau angle (CPA) were measured. We examined the relationship between the FBA and related factors by using multiple linear regression. Results: The proportion of individuals with radiographic KOA (≥ KL grade 2) in this study was 37.9%. As KL grades increased, MAA, FBA, and CPA increased, whereas aLDFA and aMPTA decreased. FBA increased with age. Multiple linear regression analyses using FBA as a dependent variable showed relationship with higher age, lower height, higher BMI, lower bone mineral density, longer CSWT, and longer agricultural careers. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that external factors related to agricultural work in female farmers was associated with femoral bowing, in addition to internal factors such as age, bone density, height, and obesity.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common malignancy in Korea and the prognosis of patients with HCC is generally poor. Most patients with HCC have unresectable disease at presentation and only a small proportion of patients diagnosed early receive curative treatment. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a widely used palliative treatment for advanced HCC and its prognostic benefit has been proven in several studies. TACE is contraindicated for patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVT) because it carries a potential risk of acute hepatic failure. Recently, however, a few studies have provided evidence of a survival benefit after TACE in patients with PVT if they have good hepatic reserve and collateral circulation around the portal trunk. We experienced a case of HCC with PVT, with long-term survival and no evidence of recurrence or hepatic failure after TACE, and present this case with a review of the relevant literature.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Collateral Circulation ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Failure ; Liver Failure, Acute ; Palliative Care ; Portal Vein ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Thrombosis