PURPOSE: This study was done to identify and compare nursing performance including job stress, emotional labor and burnout between nurses who work in comprehensive nursing care service wards and general wards. METHODS: Participants were 187 nurses working in a general hospital in Busan which provides comprehensive nursing care service (comprehensive nursing care service ward: 95, general ward: 92). Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ² test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the variables between comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses and general ward nurses. Factors influencing burnout were emotional labor in comprehensive nursing care service ward nurses while job stress and emotional labor were the factors influencing burnout in general ward nurses. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that comprehensive nursing care service can be a positive delivery system for nurses. Therefore, there is a need for strategies to integrate comprehensive nursing care service systematically.
Busan ; Hospitals, General ; Nursing Care* ; Nursing* ; Patients' Rooms* ; Stress, Psychological*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of nurses' psycho-social health and social support from colleagues on patient caring ability. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was used and the participants in this study were 422 nurses from 3 general hospitals. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis with the SAS 9.4 program. RESULTS: Total mean score for psychosocial health was 3.15±0.57, for social support from colleagues, 3.43±0.55, and for caring ability, 4.04±0.53. Psychosocial health, social support from colleagues, and married status were identified as significant factors influencing patient caring ability. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study indicate that psychosocial health and social support from colleagues are related to patient caring ability, and thus, to improve nurses' caring ability for patient and for self, it is important to create a work environment that keeps nurses healthy and promotes collaboration with colleagues.
Cooperative Behavior ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Empathy* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Intrathecal morphine provides good pain relief after anorectal surgery, but often associated with unpleasant side effects. Ondansetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, have been introduced for the prevention and treatment of emesis after chemotherapy in cancer patients and after general anesthesia. METHODS: Thus we studied the effect of ondansetron on the postoperative analgesic and side effects of spinal morphine in 60 patiens. The patients were given subarachnoid injection of 0.5% tetracaine 5 mg mixed with morphine 0.3 mg and positioned to jack-knife after fixation of anesthetic level. Either simple 5% dextrose solution 1000 ml or dextrose solution 1000 ml mixed with ondansetron 8 mg was injected intravenously in a rate of 100 ml/hr. The visual analog scale (VAS) of pain and incidence and severity of postoperative nausea, vomiting, pruritus and urinary retention were evaluated at 12 hour, 24 hour and 48 hour after injection of spinal morphine. RESULTS: The number of patients who became nauseated or vomited did not differ significantly between groups. Also, the VAS and the incidence and severity of other side effects such as pruritus and urinary retention did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSION: Ondansetron administered intravenously, did not prevent side effects of intrathecal morphine.
Analgesics ; Anesthesia, General ; Drug Therapy ; Glucose ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Ondansetron* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Pruritus ; Serotonin ; Tetracaine ; Urinary Retention ; Visual Analog Scale ; Vomiting

We described a case of well differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) of the peritoneum in a 68-year-old man because of its rarity. It was incidentally found during operation for renal cell carcinoma. Grossly, the tumor appeared as multiple small granules or nodules on the entire peritoneal surface, including serosa of the intestine, omentum and mesentery. Microscopically, characteristic features are papillary, tubulopapillary or solid architecture lined by single layer of uniform, cytologically bland, cuboidal or polygonal mesothelial cells. The tumor cells were positive for EMA, cytokeratin and vimentin, but negative for CEA on immunohistochemical staining. Ultrastructural study showed characteristic long slender microvilli on the surface and intercellular junctions.
Male ; Humans

The survival rate of neonates with aberrations of chromosome 16 is very low because they are incompatable with life. We encountered a case of a chromosome 16 aberration in a female neonate who showed multiple congenital malformations suggestive of chromosomal anomaly including round face, hypertelorism, low-set ears, cleft palate, multiple heart anomalies, bilateral hearing loss, right multicystic dysplastic kidey, proximally located thumbs, planovalgus, and muscle hypotonia. We report the case with a brief review of the literature.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16* ; Cleft Palate ; Ear ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Bilateral ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney* ; Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Survival Rate ; Thumb

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with early initiation of cigarette smoking among Korean adolescents. METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted on the 2012 Korea Youth Risk BehaviorWeb-based Survey data using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Early smoking initiation was associated with being male, having a positive subjective health status, perceiving oneself as thin or average weight (body image), having an average happiness level, being stressed, consuming alcohol, having suicidal ideation, experiencing sexual intercourse, having low or average academic grades, having a parental education level of high school or below, not taking a family trip in the previous 12 months, and having a family that approves of smoking in the home. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions targeting the prevention of smoking initiation among adolescents should include individual factors such as health status, body weight, perceived mental health status, health-risk behaviors, and academic characteristics as well as family factors that reinforce family cohesion and home smoking bans. Moreover, male adolescents aged 12e13 years and their parents should be the main target of these interventions.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior/*psychology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; *Smoking/epidemiology/psychology ; Time Factors

PURPOSE: The aim was to explore the relationship between health status/life style and prevalence of atopic dermatitis in adolescents. METHODS: Data from 1,743 adolescents (aged 13 to 18 years) derived from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were analyzed using binary logistic regression and the classification and regression tree (CART) model. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of atopic dermatitis was 10.3%. Third quartile income class (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.20-4.00), fair and unhealthy self-rated health (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.06-2.11; OR= 2.73, 95% CI=1.64-4.55), past or current smoker (OR=0.41, 95% CI=0.20-0.85; OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.21-0.92), and more than average stress (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.03-1.99) were related with increased prevalence of atopic dermatitis. The high prevalence risk groups for atopic dermatitis were adolescents who perceived themselves to be healthy on self-rated health and had more than average stress and those who perceived themselves to be unhealthy and who never smoked. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that health status, smoking, and stress are associated with a prevalence risk for adolescent atopic dermatitis in different degrees. Therefore, for control of atopic dermatitis, various interventions for smoking and stress need to be reinforced for the high prevalence atopic dermatitis groups.
Adolescent ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Child Health

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the practice environment of nursing and the critical thinking disposition of clinical nurses in local general hospitals. METHODS: A convenience sample of 468 registered nurses was obtained from three local general hospitals. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire during November, 2012. The survey tools were the K-PES-NWI verified by Cho et al (2011) and the critical thinking disposition instrument developed by Yoon (2004). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe test and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0. RESULTS: The mean score for practice environment of nursing was 3.3+/-0.4 and for critical thinking disposition, 2.3+/-0.4. There were statistically significant differences in critical thinking disposition according to age, education, length of career, current position, and marital status. In multivariate analysis, factors related to critical thinking disposition were collegial nurse-physician relations and education level. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that collegial nurse-physician relations in the nursing practice environment are related to nurses' critical thinking disposition, and thus, it is important to improve the practice environment as well using individual approaches including on-the-job training to improve nurses' critical thinking disposition.
Education ; Hospitals, General* ; Inservice Training ; Marital Status ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nursing* ; Physician-Nurse Relations ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thinking*

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at identifying the effects of improved methods of endotracheal suction and hand washing on incidence of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in the neurosurgical ICU. METHOD: Repeated training of nurses about hand washing and adherence of the single use of suction catheter and sterile normal saline of endotracheal suction was provided. Then hand washing compliance of nurses before and after training was investigated. and the incidence of NP in all patients hospitalized for more than 72 hours in the neurosurgical ICU was investigated from Sep 1, 2000 to Jan 31, 2001 (2nd surveillance). The NP rate of that period was compared with the incidence of the 1st surveillance period, from Sep 1, 1999 to Jan 31, 2000. The data were analyzed with chi-square-test. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis by SAS 8.0. RESULT: The proportion of hand washing performance increased from 15.6% to 46.8%. The rates of NP per patient during 1st surveillance and 2nd surveillance were 10.3%, 3.9%(p=0.01) patient-days rates of NP were 10.0 cases/1,000 patient days, 4.1 cases/1,000 patient days(p=0.04), and ventilator-days rates of NP were 67.6 cases/1.000 ventilator days, 16.2 cases/1,000 ventilator days(p=0.00) respectively. Out of 29 isolates, 18 were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which was the most frequently isolated microorganism. The risk factors associated with incidence of NP were age, length of stay, Glasgow coma scale, diabetes mellitus, duration of intubation, insertion of endotracheal tube, duration of tracheostomy, presence of tracheostomy, duration of ventilator, use of ventilator, and insertion of nasogastric tube. CONCLUSION: These results showed that single use of suction catheters and sterile normal saline and increased compliance of hand washing were important factors to decrease the incidence of NP.
Catheters ; Compliance ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hand Disinfection* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Intubation ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Pneumonia* ; Risk Factors ; Suction* ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation modeling on the reproductive health behavior of single women with sexual experiences. This study employed Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). METHODS: The data were collected after receipt of consent from 250 single women with sexual experiences, and analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. RESULTS: Model fit indices for the hypothetical model were suitable for the recommended level: x²=362.407, RMR=0.065, RMSEA=0.070, GFI=0.867. TLI=0.927, CFI=0.938, IFI=0.939, and x²/dF=2.237. Intention showed direct effect with the biggest effect being on reproductive health behavior. Attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control were found to have a direct effect on intention. Among them, perceived behavioral control revealed the largest influence. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the TPB is a suitable model in explaining the reproductive health behavior of single women with sexual experience. Strategic plans for educational and intervention programs should be aimed to encourage single women to engage in reproductive health behavior.
Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Reproductive Health* ; Single Person*