No abstract available.
Humans ; Spouses*

Edwards syndrome is first introduced by Edwards and characterized by facial anomalies, multiple cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, and skeletal malformations. It results from triplication of part or all of chromosome 18 in some or all of the patient's cells. It has an incidence of 1 in 4,500 live births or less and short life expectancy. Recently we experienced a case of 3-day-old female new born infant with this syndrome. Post mortem examination showed progeric face with prominent occiput, large flabby ears, microphthalmia, and micrognathia, bilateral clenched hands with flexion contraction of middle fingers, and bilateral rockerbottom feet. Internal examination revealed horseshoe kidney, esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula, two accessory spleens, and multiple cardiac anomalies. A trisomy 18 was confirmed by the cytogenetic study.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Incidence

We have analysed 72 cases of geriatric patients over 70 year of age who underwent anesthesia in our Aospital from Jan. 1970 to May 1979 and the results were as follows; 1) Male patients were more than female(1.05: 1). (Male, 37 cases(51.4%) and female, 35cases (48. 6%). 2) By ASA classification, physical status was class II in 32 cases, E II in 24 cases, III in 12 cases, E III in 2 cases and IV in 2 eases. 3) The number of the patients of general surgery department(46.63%) was highest. 4) Preoperative problems were cardiovascular diseases including hypertension (11cases) and LVH(25 cases), arrhythmia(6cases), tachycardia(4cases), RBBB(2cases) and bradycardia (2 cases) in EKG. 5) Preoperative pulmonary disease including pulmonary tbc(14 cases), chronic bronchitis (6 cases), and emphysema(4 cases) was revealed in the chest PA. 6) There was no mortality during the operative or postoperative period.
Anesthesia ; Bradycardia ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Classification ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Mortality ; Postoperative Period ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine has side effects, especially pruritus, nausea, and vomiting. Butorphanol has been added in studies to reduce these side effects in post cesarean patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the side effects and analgesic efficacy when a combination of epidural morphine and butorphanol was administered in patients having combined local anesthetic and opioid epidural infusion. METHODS: Sixty patients having epidural anesthesia for cesarean section were randomly divided into two groups. Group M (n=30) received a bolus of 0.25% bupivacaine 4 ml, morphine 2 mg, and saline 0.75 ml, whereas group B (n=30) received a bolus of 0.25% bupivacaine 4 ml, morphine 2 mg, and butorphanol 1.5 mg (0.75 ml). Continuous epidural infusion was done by Two-day Infusor containing either 0.25% bupivacaine 75 ml, morphine 5 mg, and saline 20 ml in group M or 0.25% bupivacaine 75 ml, morphine 5 mg, butorphanol 4 mg (2 ml), and saline 18 ml in group B. We compared the side effect and analgesic effect of group M to those of group B for 2 days. RESULTS: The incidence of pruritus and vomiting were reduced significantly in group B (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between both groups in the incidence of nausea or other side effects as well as no differences in analgesic effect. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the addition of butorphanol to morphine in combined local anesthetic and opioid epidural infusion for postoperative analgesia decreases the occurrence of pruritus and vomiting without significant increase of other side effects and adverse effect on analgesia.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural ; Bupivacaine ; Butorphanol* ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma hand massage on Sleep, depression and quality of life in the institutionalized elderly women. METHODS: This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The data was collected from June 23 to August 10 of 2009. Fifty - Six elderly women were divided into two groups, 27 institutionalized elderly women for the experimental group and 29 institutionalized elderly women for the control group. As for experimental treatment, the experimental group went through aroma hand massage with blended oil-a mixture of Lavender, Bergamot, Chamomile Roman in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1, which was diluted 2.0% with jojoba carrier oil 20 mL-on each hand for 5 minutes, three times a week during two weeks. Control group went non-treatment. RESULTS: The aroma hand massage experimental group showed more significant differences in the charge of sleep score (t=3.83, p=.00) and depression (t=-3.54, p=.00). CONCLUSION: Aroma hand massage had a positive effect on sleep and depression in Institutionalized elderly women.
Aged ; Chamomile ; Depression ; Fees and Charges ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Lavandula ; Massage ; Quality of Life

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Disability Evaluation* ; Humans ; Perfusion* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Epidemiology*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although interferon-a(IFNa) is currently the most effective antiviral agent for treating patients with chronic hepatitis C, its efficacy is not always reliable. Factors suggested to infruence outcome of IFN-a therapy for chronic hepatitis C are histological activity, level of viremia and HCV genotype, etc. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between several pretreatment factors and response to IFN-a therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with chronic HCV infection(47 with chronic hepatitis and 7 with liver cirrhosis) who received IFN-a(2a or 2b) therapy(3 6 MU, three times a week, for 3 12 months) were included. Level of serum HCV RNA(50 patients), HCV genotype(27 patients) and IgM anti- HCV(21 patients) during pretreatment period were assayed. RESULTS: Overall, 19(35%) subjects achieved sustained response(SR), 12(22%) had transient response(TR) and 23(43%) did not respond (nonresponse;NR). Mean age of patients with SR, TR and NR was 46+ 10, 51+ 7.5 and 54+ 9.7 years, respectively(p<0.05 between SR and NR). Among 30 patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis, 13(43%) achieved SR;but only one(14%) in 7 patients with liver cirrhosis. Mean serum HCV RNA level(X10' copies/ml) was higher in nonresponders(7,7+ 13.0) compared with SR(2.3+ 2. 7) or TR(3.1+ 4.9), although statistically insignificant HCV genotyping in 27 patients revealed type la in 5(18.5%), 1b in 14(52%), 2a in 5(18.5%), 2b in 1(3.7%) and 4 in 2(7%), respectively. In non-1b patients, SR rate was significantly higher than 1b patients(69.2% vs. 21.4%, p=0.03). Although IgM anti-HCV was positive in 12(57%) among 21 patients studied, the positive rate and the titer of IgM anti-HCV was not significantly different in three groups. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that in patients with chronic hepatitis C, infection with genotype 1b, old age, high serum HCV RNA level and the presence of cirrhosis would predict poor response to IFN therapy.
Fibrosis ; Genotype ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Interferons* ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; RNA ; Viremia

No abstract available.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Thrombosis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the CT features and pathogenesis of the electric brain injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the CT scans of 3 patients injured by high-voltage electricity. We evaluated the findings early and delayed periods in each patients. RESULTS: The early CT findings were diffuse brain edema, scalp swelling, and focal hemorrhagic contusion. The findings of delayed period were cerebral infarction, pneumocephalus, brain abscess, and pneumatocele. CONCLUSION: CT was useful to correlate the pathogenesis and variable features of electric brain injuries.
Brain Abscess ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Brain* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Contusions ; Electric Injuries* ; Electricity ; Humans ; Pneumocephalus ; Scalp ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed