No abstract available.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus*

No Abstract Available.
Adenoviridae* ; Coinfection* ; Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Humans ; Synovial Fluid* ; Synovitis*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop and test an explanatory model on functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using path analysis. METHODS: Data were collected from 149 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using 6-minute walk test, measurement of oxygen saturation, pulmonary function test, and self-reported questionnaires from June to October, 2005. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program and AMOS/WIN 4.0 program. RESULTS: The overall fitness indices of modified model were good( chi-square = 14.324, p = .281 GFI = .981, RMSEA = .006, AGFI = .944, NFI = .927, NNFI = .999, CFI = .999, PNFI = .613, chi-square /df = 1.194). Functional capacity was influenced directly by age(beta = -.304, p = .000), dyspnea(beta = -.278, p = .000), self-efficacy(beta = .240, p = .000), social support(beta = .175, p = .004), pulmonary function(beta = .169, p = .008), and oxygen saturation(beta = .099, p = .048). These variables explained 39.3% in functional capacity. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that comprehensive nursing interventions should focus on decreasing dyspnea and increasing self-efficacy, social support, and oxygen saturation. In this perspective, pulmonary rehabilitation would be an effective strategy for improving functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Aminopeptidases ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study design was used. A convenience sample of 125 subjects was recruited from the outpatient respiratory clinic at a large university hospital. Data was collected from June to October, 2005 using structured questionnaires, an oxygen saturation test, a 6-minute walking test, and a pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Subjects had a slightly low degree of fatigue. The fatigue showed a significant correlation with emotion(r= .589, p= .000), dyspnea(r= .304, p= .001), self-efficacy (r= -.278, p= .002), and symptom experience(r= .238, p= .008). Emotion(34.7%) and dyspnea(5.8%) were significant predictors to explain fatigue. CONCLUSION: This study provides comprehensive understanding of the influencing factors on fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nursing interventions to decrease negative emotion and dyspnea for management of fatigue is suggested.
Aged ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Fatigue/*etiology/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oximetry ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/*complications/physiopathology/psychology ; Questionnaires ; Regression Analysis

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at assessing the knowledge of the general public about novel influenza and the extent of preventive measures undertaken when information on novel influenza and its preventive measures was extensively broadcasted during the novel influenza outbreak. METHODS: Between September 21 and October 31, self-report questionnaires were distributed to 1,200 persons. The completed questionnaires were collected from 1,025 persons. The collected data was used to determine the frequency and percentage as well as to conduct analyses such as t-test, ANOVA, and logistic regression by using SPSS WIN 12.0. RESULTS: The knowledge on novel influenza and the performance of preventive measures were scored at 6.58 and 5.10, respectively, on a scale of 12. This finding suggested that the knowledge on novel influenza and the performance of preventive measures were low. The significant factors influencing the participants' knowledge on novel influenza were age and the experience of watching relevant educational programs on television, whereas the factors influencing the performance of preventive measures were academic career, working status, and the experience of watching relevant educational programs on television. Between knowledge and implementation of preventive measures, there was positive correlation at low level (r=0.112, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that factors influencing the knowledge on and the performance of preventive measures against a disease should be considered when developing prevention strategies, such as broadcast of educational programs on television, against influenza or similar infectious diseases during an outbreak.
Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Logistic Models ; Pandemics ; Television ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the newly-developed Qraypen™ (All In One Bio, Korea) system for the diagnosis of early proximal caries by comparing it with the conventional methods of visual inspection and periapical radiography. This study was carried out from July 2015 to April 2016 targeting 32 children aged 7~12 years who visited Y-Dental Clinic for school oral health examinations. Two investigators selected and examined a total of 153 primary molars that had not undergone restorative treatment. Comparisons were carried out between visual inspections, readings of posterior periapical radiography images, and readings of Qraypen™ images. This study revealed that the percentage of interproximal surfaces of primary molar teeth without caries incidence was 83.7% using Qraypen™ imaging and 84.9% using visual inspection and periapical radiography. The differences between the two methods were not statistically significant. Thus, Qraypen™ is expected to be a useful and convenient auxiliary diagnostic device that can facilitate the detection of hidden proximal caries in primary molars.
Child ; Dental Caries ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Methods* ; Molar* ; Oral Health ; Radiography* ; Reading ; Research Personnel ; Tooth

Early childhood caries is a widespread condition that requires attention; however, its treatment remains a challenge in terms of child behavior management. This study describes the usefulness of customized zirconia crowns for the restoration of deciduous teeth through the evaluation of some cases. Three cases are described: a 29-month-old girl who presented with severe early childhood caries affecting anterior tooth, a 50-month-old boy who presented with extensive caries of his anterior tooth, and 70-month-old girl who presented with extensive caries of his primary posterior dentition. These prefabricated, zirconium-based ceramic crowns (Nusmile™ NuSmile) are available in various sizes, shapes and colors. Before the treatment, radiographs and intraoral photographs were taken to evaluate the appropriateness of treatment. Our findings indicate that customized zirconia crowns may be appropriate for restoring the deciduous teeth. Further long-term clinical studies are required to clarify the usefulness of this restorative method.
Ceramics ; Child Behavior ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Crowns* ; Dental Caries ; Dentition ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Pediatric Dentistry ; Tooth ; Tooth, Deciduous*

As the number of young cancer survivors increases, quality of life after cancer treatment is becoming an ever more important consideration. According to a report from the American Cancer Society, approximately 810,170 women were diagnosed with cancer in 2015 in the United States. Among female cancer survivors, 1 in 250 are of reproductive age. Anticancer therapies can result in infertility or sterility and can have long-term negative effects on bone health, cardiovascular health as a result of reproductive endocrine function. Fertility preservation has been identified by many young patients diagnosed with cancer as second only to survival in terms of importance. The development of fertility preservation technologies aims to help patients diagnosed with cancer to preserve or protect their fertility prior to exposure to chemo- or radiation therapy, thus improving their chances of having a family and enhancing their quality of life as a cancer survivor. Currently, sperm, egg, and embryo banking are standard of care for preserving fertility for reproductive-age cancer patients; ovarian tissue cryopreservation is still considered experimental. Adoption and surrogate may also need to be considered. All patients should receive information about the fertility risks associated with their cancer treatment and the fertility preservation options available in a timely manner, whether or not they decide to ultimately pursue fertility preservation. Because of the ever expanding number of options for treating cancer and preserving fertility, there is now an opportunity to take a precision medicine approach to informing patients about the fertility risks associated with their cancer treatment and the fertility preservation options that are available to them.
Adult Stem Cells ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cryopreservation/*methods ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Fertility Preservation/*methods ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy/*therapy ; *Oocytes ; Ovarian Follicle/drug effects/metabolism/transplantation ; *Ovary/transplantation ; Ovulation Induction/methods ; Precision Medicine

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; *Ovary ; *Uterus

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are rare sex cord-stromal tumors that have been studied for decades. However, their infrequency has delayed efforts to research their etiology. Recently, mutations in human GCTs have been discovered, which has led to further research aimed at determining the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. Mouse models have been important tools for studying GCTs, and have provided means to develop and improve diagnostics and therapeutics. Thus far, several genetically modified mouse models, along with one spontaneous mouse model, have been reported. This review summarizes the phenotypes of these mouse models and their applicability in elucidating the mechanisms of granulosa cell tumor development.
Animals ; Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor* ; Granulosa Cells* ; Humans ; Mice* ; Models, Animal ; Phenotype ; Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors