No abstract available.
Growth Hormone*

No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Molecular Biology*

PURPOSE:The recombinant human growth hormone is widely used to improve short stature but it was reported that GH therapy might accelerate sexual maturation especially short girl. We tried to find out the effects of GH on pubertal progression in female rat. METHODS:In animal experiment, forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with rhGH(1U/kg). GH was given subcutaneously daily for 5weeks since 25day of life. We measured body weight and length twice a week, vaginal opening and epithelial change were observed daily. We checked the serum estrogen and insulin-like growth factor- I concentration weekly. The results were compared to 40 control female rats. RESULTS: 1) Body weight increased significantly in GH treated group(P<0.05). 2) Serum IGF- I concentration increased significantly after GH treatment(P<0.05). 3) Vaginal opening occurred on postnatal 34.3+/-1.9day in GH treated group and 35.4+/-2.2day in control group(p>0.1). First diestrous phase of puberty was noted on postnatal 36.8+/-1.9day and 38.3+/-3.0day, respectively(p>0.1). 4) The difference of serum E2 concentration of two group was insignificant. CONCLUSIONS:GH administration in female rats increased body weight and length without accelerating of pubertal maturation compared to control group. So GH treatment will give a good favor on final height.
Adolescent ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Estrogens ; Female ; Growth Hormone* ; Human Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Puberty ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sexual Maturation

The McCune-Albright Syndrome is characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, cafe-au-lait colored patches of the skin and endocrinological abnormalities, including precocious puberty. Affected patients progress from GnRH-independent puberty to GnRH-dependent puberty. GnRH analogues are ineffective in GnRH-independent precocious puberty. Three year and 2 month old girl with breast development(SMR B3) and irregular vaginal bleeding were seen & diagnosed as incomplete sexual precocity. Decapeptyl treatment was started for the purpose of regression of breast development & vaginal bleeding with no effect. After 10 months, cafe-au-lait skin lesion & polyostotic fibrous dysplasia were noted and diagnosed as McCune-Albright syndrome. Breast development regressed to SMR B2 and vaginal bleeding was controlled with ketoconazole. As our experience, ketoconazole treatment might be effective to delay the progression of sexual development in patients with precocious puberty in McCune-Albright Syndrome.
Adolescent ; Breast ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Infant ; Ketoconazole* ; Puberty ; Puberty, Precocious ; Sexual Development ; Skin ; Triptorelin Pamoate ; Uterine Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: Leptin is a hormone involved in the regulation of energy balance. Serum leptin levels are correlated with body fat. It provide information to hypothalamus on the amount of energy stored in the adipose tissue. Certain endocrine disease presents obesity in childhood, such as growth hormone deficiency, Prader- Willi syndrome and Turner syndrome. The purpose of this study is to evaluate leptin levels in obese children and to know whether it is a useful marker to differentiate the underlying cause of obesity. METHODS: One hundred sixty six obese children were included in this study. Height, weight, HTSDS, WTSDS, adjusted WTSDS to height age and BMI were measured. Serum leptin levels were measured. RESULTS :Leptin levels in simple obesity, growth hormone deficiency, Prader-Willi syndrome, Turner syndrome and control were 12.3+/-6.3ng/ml, 6.4+/-2.0ng/ml, 19.9+/-11.2ng/ml, 8.9+/-5.3ng/ml, 5.7+/-3.7ng/ml respectively. Leptin levels were significantly high in obese children, especially in Prader-Willi syndrome, simple obesity and Turner syndrome. Leptin concentration were correlated with BMI and WTSDS. CONCLUSION: Leptin can be used as an indicator of obesity but, not suitable as a differential diagnostic factor for obesity.
Adipose Tissue ; Child ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Leptin* ; Obesity* ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; Turner Syndrome

To demonstrate possible influences of general bone density on the mandible, histomorphometric analysis was carried out in mandibles and iliac bones and the correlation of the two bone densities was tested. Comparison of bony density in women and men over 60 years in the mandible was carried out too. Quantitative computed tomography (GCT) was taken in cross-section of mandibles at the same site where histomorphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the reliability of QCT. The analysis included 40 cadavers with no known disease affecting the bones. The subjects consisted of 15 females and 25 males with a mean age of 60.3 years. Spearman correlation analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum test was performed. The results were as follows. 1. There was statistically no correlation between the mandible and iliac bone in the walues of corrected cortical width (CCW), cortical porosity (POR) in cortex, and total bone volume(TBV), mean trabecular plate thickness (MTPT), mean trabecular plate density (MTPD), and mean trabecular plate separation (MTPS) in trabecular bone. 2. Comparison of women and men over 60 years, men had statistically higher bone density than women except for POR of buccal and lingual cortex, and MTPD of alveolar trabeculae in mandible. 3. There was statistically significant correlation between TBV of trabecular bone and CT NO., but not between POR and CT No. In mandible. According to the results above, there was no correlation between mandible and iliac bone density and between mandibular bony density and age. Further studies are required to support the results. A more noninvasive method to be able to measure the bone density of mandible should be developed and it is necessary to accumulate data on the normal values of bone density of mandible according to age and sex. Further study should be carried out about QCT to measure mandibular bony density using QCT.
Bone Density* ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible* ; Porosity ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Lip* ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Lip* ; Ulcer*

Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is a relatively rare disease in childhood period except neonate, but hypoglycemia due to delicate imbalance between glucose production & consumption is evoked easily and left permanent damage to brain at these period. The definition is that serum insulin level is above 10microU/ml when blood sugar level is below the 40mg/dl and so I/G ratio is higher than 0.4. The clinical manifestations are irrtability, frequent feeding and seizures etc. and there is no specific pancreatic pathology in most cases. We experienced 2 cases of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with pancreatic hyperplasia and pancreatic adenoma each other. The diagnosis was made on clinical manifestations, laboratory results, radiologic and pathologic findings. We reported these cases with brief review of literature.
Adenoma ; Blood Glucose ; Brain ; Diagnosis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Hypoglycemia* ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Pathology ; Rare Diseases ; Seizures

Pituitary adenoma should be differentiated diagnostically from pituitary hyperplasia, which can be classified by primary, secondary & tertially caused by ectopic tumors. Two cases with marked pituitary enlargement secondary to primary hypothyroidism were reported. The volume of the sellar turcica correlates with circulating TSH level. The subsequent regression with thryoxine therapy indicated hyperplasia rather than adenoma. This observation emphasizes the importance of diagnosing and treating primary hypothyroidism prior to considering surgery for possible pituitary adenoma. A brief review of related literatures was also made.
Adenoma ; Hyperplasia* ; Hypothyroidism* ; Pituitary Neoplasms*