No abstract available.
Gastroschisis*

No abstract available.
Gastroschisis* ; Hernia, Umbilical*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A number of studies about the nano-treated surfaces of implants have been conducting along with micro-treated surfaces of implants. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to get information for the clinical use of nano-treated surfaces compared with micro-treated surfaces by measuring removal torque and analyzing histological characteristics after the placement of various surface-treated implants on femurs of dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Machined surface implants were used as a control group. 4 nano-treated surface implants and 3 micro-treated surface implants [resorbable blast media surface (RBM), sandblast and acid-etched surface (SAE), anodized RBM surface] were used as experimental groups. Removal torque values of implants were measured respectively and the histological analyses were conducted on both 4weeks and 8weeks after implant surgery. The surfaces of removed implants after measuring removal torque values were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 8 weeks. RESULTS: 1. Removal torque values of the nano-treated groups were lower than those of micro-treated groups. 2. Removal torque values were similar in the anodized RBM surface groups. 3. On the histological views, there was much of bone formation at 8 weeks, but there was no difference between 4 and 8 weeks, and between the types of implant surfaces as well. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that implant topography is more effective in removal torque test than surface chemistry. To get better clinical result, further studies should be fulfilled on the combined effect of surface topography and chemistry for the implant surface treatments.
Animals ; Dogs ; Femur ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Osteogenesis ; Titanium ; Torque

No abstract available.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Thrombosis*

Dried specimens of the genus Inocybe collected from mountain areas throughout the Korean country from 1982 to 1998 and preserved in NIAST were investigated. Out of them, Inocybe hystrix were confirmed as an unrecorded species in Korea. In 1991 Lee et al., previously recorded Inocybe kasukayamensis only with its scientific name and korean common name. In this study we report it with full descriptions of morphological characteristics and diagnosis of micro-structures of this species.
Diagnosis ; Korea* ; Porcupines

PURPOSE: Bipolar energy has recently been used for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Although this modality is thought to be safe, there are some controversies concerning the pathologic accuracy of the biopsy specimens. We compared clinical efficacy, safety, and pathologic characteristics of deep biopsy specimens between bipolar and monopolar devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2002 to June 2007, a total of 115 patients underwent TURBT with deep biopsy with the use of bipolar (bipolar group, n=64) or monopolar (monopolar group, n=51) devices. We retrospectively analyzed tumor size, tumor number, urine cytology, perioperative blood loss (postoperative changes in hemoglobin levels), complications, duration of catheterization, duration of hospitalization, pathologic stage, WHO grade, deep biopsy specimen thickness, and grade of thermal damage. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in tumor size, tumor number, urine cytology, complications, duration of hospitalization, pathologic stage, or WHO grade between the two groups. Postoperative changes in hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in the bipolar group (p=0.038), and the duration of catheterization was shorter in the bipolar group (p=0.026). The deep biopsy specimen thickness was significantly thinner in the bipolar group (2.25+/-0.94 mm vs. 3.02+/-1.39 mm, p<0.05). The grade of thermal damage was not statistically different between the two groups (p=0.862). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of clinical efficacy and safety, bipolar TURBT is comparable to monopolar TURBT, having advantages in perioperative blood loss and duration of catheterization. In addition, pathologic changes in deep biopsy after bipolar and monopolar TURBT are similar. Bipolar TURBT can be properly used for bladder tumors without pathologic error.
Artifacts ; Biopsy ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Hemoglobins ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Pathology, Surgical ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Arthrogryposis* ; Pyloric Stenosis*

OBJECTIVES: The most common chromosomal abnormality contributing to recurrent abortion is the balanced chromosomal translocation. However the exact incidence of fetal losses are still unknown. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities and outcome of pregnancy in recurrent miscarriage couples with balanced translocation. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of recurrent spontaneous abortion patients with balanced chromosomal translocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cytogenetic analysis was performed in 56 couples with history of recurrent abortions from 1995 to 1999. The use of high resolution banding technique and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in the chromosomal analysis has made the precise evaluation of chromosome aberrations. RESULTS: Among 56 couples, 42 patients had reciprocal translocation and 14 had Robertsonian translocation. Chromosomal aberrations were more frequent in women (36 cases) than in men (20 cases). Prenatal cytogenetic analyses were carried out in 14 subsequent pregnancies for carrier couples with balanced translocation. The fetal karyotypes showed that 5 cases (35.7%) was normal, 8 (57.1%) were balanced translocation, and 1 (7.1%) was unbalanced translocations. And cytogenetic analyses were done on 15 subsequent chorionic villi samples of abortuses for carrier couples with balanced translocations. Fourteen of fifteen abortuses (93.3%) were abnormal karyotype. CONCLUSIONS: Although the incidence of chromosomal imbalance in the fetuses was relatively low in prenatal cytogenetic analysis, individuals with balanced translocations are predisposed to giving birth to malformed offsprings with chromosomal imbalance (partial trisomy or monosomy). Therefore we recommend preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for recurrent abortions with balanced translocation and preventing the birth of offspring with chromosomal abnormalities.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Abortion, Habitual* ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; Chorionic Villi ; Chromosome Aberrations* ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Family Characteristics* ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Incidence* ; Karyotype ; Male ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic ; Trisomy

The selection of the maxillary anterior artificial teeth is made primarily for esthetics and they must be in harmony with the surrounding oral environment. However the selection of artificial teeth is based on the large degree of subjective judgement of the dentists, therefore, this is one of the most unscientific processes. This study was performed to determine clinically whether there is correlation among the width of the maxillary central incisor(WMCI), the intercanine distance(ICD), the facial width(FW), and the interalar nasal width(IAW)in Korean adults, and to provide the selection standards for the maxillary anterior artificial teeth. The casts were obtained from 91 undergraduate dental students(49 males and 42 females) with Angle's class I occlusion presenting well-arranged intact anterior teeth. The WMCI and ICD were measured on the casts with a vernier calipers(Miltex(R), Germany). The photographic procedures under standardized conditions were performed to record each subject's frontal face using digital camera(Olympus(R), C-2500L, Japan). The FW and IAW were measured with image analyzer(Image-Pro(R) PLUS, media cybermetrics, USA). The results were obtained as follows: 1. The mean WMCI was 8.11+/-0.67 mm, ICD was 37.88+/-2.15 mm, FW was 141.29+/-5.84 mm, and IAW was 37.85+/-2.29 mm. 2. The ratios of FW/WMCI, FW/ICD, IAW/ICD were 17.4, 3.7, 1.0 respectively. 3. All measurements(WMCI, ICD, FW, and IAW) of male group were longer than those of female group significantly in Student's t-test(p<0.01). 4. There was significant correlation between WMCI, ICD, FW, and IAW in Pearson's correlation analysis(p<0.01). 5. The relationship between IAW and ICD shows the strongest correlation among six combinations in linear regression analysis(R2=0.753, Y=7.046+0.815X). The FW and IAW could be very reliable guides for the selection of the maxillary anterior artificial teeth.
Adult* ; Dentists ; Esthetics ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Tooth ; Tooth, Artificial*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a one-session spouse-support enhancement childbirth education on childbirth self-efficacy and perception of childbirth experience. METHODS: The design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest experiment. The participants in the study were 31 couples in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental couples were provided with one session on spouse-support enhancement childbirth education the night before delivery. Data were collected at two hours after delivery using the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI) and perception of childbirth experience scale. Data were analyzed using PASW statistics 18 program. Frequencies, percentage, mean, chi2 test, t-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Childbirth self-efficacy significantly increased in the experimental group as compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference in perception of childbirth experience in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a one-session childbirth education has beneficial effects on enhancing childbirth self-efficacy in pregnant couples. A one-session spouse-support enhancement childbirth education is recommended as an effective nursing intervention to promote couple's childbirth self-efficacy and it is also recommended that modifications of program to promote women's childbirth experience should be considered.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition/psychology ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pregnant Women/*psychology ; *Self Efficacy ; Spouses/*psychology