This article introduces the experience of Academician SHI Xuemin in treatment of stroke combined with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. It is believed that this disease is the syndrome of "stroke of lung qi exhaustion". It is rooted at the deficiency of primary qi, and lung qi declining; and characterized by phlegm stagnation, qi reversion and mind blockage. This disease is manifested as somnolence-like symptoms, snoring-like breathing and sawing-like expectorating. The therapeutic regimen focuses on "governing qihai (sea of qi ), regulating the spirit and adjusting the orifice closure". The main acupoints include Neiguan (PC6), Shuigou (GV26) and Sanyinjiao (SP6) to regain the consciousness and open the orifices. Besides, Renying (ST9) is added to regulate the respiration, Baihui (GV20) and Sishencong (EX-HN1) to harmonize the spirit, and Fengchi (GB20), Wangu (GB12) and Yifeng (TE17) to open the orifice for the treatment of symptoms. It provides a new idea for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of stroke with accompanying symptoms.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Stroke/physiopathology* ; Male ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Qi ; Aged ; Lung/physiopathology* ; Snoring/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage*

This study summarizes the clinical thinking of acupuncture for snoring based on "disharmony qi leads to restlessness". According to the pathological characteristics of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm dampness and internal obstruction in snoring patients, combined with the etiology, pathogenesis and location of the disease, the innovative viewpoint of "disharmony qi leads to restlessness" is proposed. It is believed that the key to snoring treatment lies in "regulating qi ". In clinical practice, acupuncture can directly regulate the qi of the disease's location, regulate the qi of the organs and viscera, and regulate the qi of the meridians to achieve overall regulation of the body's internal and external qi, smooth circulation of qi and blood, and ultimately achieve the therapeutic goal of harmonizing qi, stopping snoring, and improving sleep quality.
Humans ; Qi ; Snoring/therapy* ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Meridians

Starting from the perspective of meridian theory, this article briefly analyzes the meridian pathophysiology of snoring and the relationship between snoring and meridian theory. It proposes that acupuncture treatment for snoring should focus on regulating qi from the shaoyang meridians, harmonizing the spirit by the governor vessel, resolving phlegm through the three yang meridians, and harmonizing qi and blood from the yangming meridians. Additionally, attention is placed on both the root cause and the symptoms, the theory of "four seas". The ultimate goal is to promote the flow of meridian and qi-blood, improve symptoms such as nighttime snoring, poor sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and achieve the desired outcome of stopping snoring and ensuring restful sleep.
Humans ; Meridians ; Snoring/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Mucus ; Acupuncture Points

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of 894 coblation-assisted treatment in adult with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. METHOD: A review of 894 coblation-assisted treatment in adult with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was presented with respect to the sleep monitoring results, SF-36 health questionnaire survey, therapeutic effects and complications. RESULT: After operation for 6 months, the patients' sleep Monitoring results were improved remarkably (P<0. 01) and their symptoms of snore or choke got improved. SF-36 health questionnaire survey showed that social function, energy and mental health dimension scores were significantly higher than the preoperative (P<0. 05). There were 18 patients suffered Secondarily bleeding within 2 weeks and 23 patients recrudesced within 1 year. CONCLUSION Radio frequency coblation is an applicable method of therapy for patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea. The treatments differ with the obstructive location and character of upper airway.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; therapy ; Snoring ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; Snoring ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: As a subtype membrane receptor of tumor necrosis factor alpha, not much is known about the link between the soluble TNF receptor-I and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. We hypothesized that the TNF receptor might play an important role in the inflammation in patients with OSAHS, moreover this study was undertakan to investigate the effects of multimodality therapies on its periphery blood level. METHOD: Seventy-seven adults with habitual snoring and mean age of 34.9 +/- 11 years old consented to participate in the study. All participants were studied with overnight polysomnography, physical examination and a blood crew at baseline. According to the severity of OSAHS, they were categorized into three groups and one control group. Moderate and severe OSAHS groups returned for a repeat test of polysomnography and a blood crew at 3 months after the ENT surgery or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). serum levels were measured by using an immunoluminometric assay kit. RESULT: (1) Compared with control non-OSAHS group, serum sTNF-R I levels prior to treatment in OSAHS groups were significantly greater, with a mean serum levels at (742 +/- 258 & 340 +/- 102) pg/ml (P < 0.05), respectively. (2) Plasma solube tumor necrosis factor receptor-I responsed sensitively to the effect of comprehensive therapies when we compared its prior treatment levels with post ones. (3) Analysis was used to assess the associations adjusting for age, gender, BMI and weight ,a positive assosiation were found between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and sTNF-R I (r = 0.646, P < 0.01) a negative assosiation were found between lowest nadir oxygen saturation (LSaO2) and (r = 0.522, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION ln summary, independent of age, gender, BMI and weight ,our datas suggest a relationship can be found between the the severity of OSAHS and periphery blood level of soluble TNF receptor-I. Comprehensive therapies is effective in changing sTNF-R I. sTNF-R I may be recommended as a Inflammation factor of OSAHS.
Adult ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polysomnography ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; therapy ; Snoring ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty is well established and relatively successful operation in the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). But, there have been no reports about snoring sound of patients who had been performed LAUP. This study was performed to evaluate the results of LAUP analysing preoperative snoring sounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 38 patients who were diagnosed as OSA by polysomnography and had been performed LAUP between Mar, 1998 and July, 2002. Preoperative and postoperative snoring sounds were recorded during sleep and we performed an acoustic analysis using spectrogram (SPG), which was classified. And postoperative subjective satisfaction of bed time partner was compared in each type and the degree of satisfaction was measured by VAS (visual analogue scale) score. According to previous study, types of spectrogram of snoring sounds were classified as palatal, tongue base and mixed. RESULTS: In postoperative analysis, snoring loudness was most decreased in palatal type, and snoring pitch was only increased in tongue base type. The average satisfaction of bed time partner was highest at palatal type and lowest at tongue base type. CONCLUSION: Preoperative analysis of snoring sounds can aid the prediction of the loudness and pitch of snoring sounds and the subjective satisfaction of patients after LAUP.
Acoustics ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Palate ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Snoring* ; Sound Spectrography ; Tongue

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the changes of upper airway and genioglossus muscle activity after the treatment with Snoreguard.

METHODS31 patients with OSAS or snoring were treated with Snoreguard Cephalometric analysis was carried out to compare the changes of the upper airway before and after the treatment. The relationship between the change in morphology and that of genioglossus muscle activity among 22 patients was investigated.

RESULTS(1) The size of upper airway decreased significantly with Snoreguard. SPP-SPPW increased from (9.14 +/- 3.79) mm to (12.36 +/- 3.74) mm and TB-TPPW increased from (10.63 +/- 3.71) mm to (11.90 +/- 4.33) mm. UC-LC decreased from (21.96 +/- 11.06) mm to (10.48 +/- 8.55) mm and H-MP decreased from (20.60 +/- 6.65) mm to (11.01 +/- 6.84) mm. (2) The size of upper airway in part of the patients decreased with Snoreguard, but good treatment efficiency remained.

CONCLUSIONThe mechanism of Snoreguard is caused by the mechanical enlargement of upper airway.

Adult ; Aged ; Electromyography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate ; pathology ; Pharyngeal Muscles ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Snoring ; pathology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Tongue ; pathology ; Trachea ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and some cardiovascular abnormalities in elderly snorers, as well as the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on those with SAHS.

METHODSWith the use of polysomnography, 73 elderly snorers (older than 60 years) were examined and placed into either the SAHS group or the control group. Using ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure measurement, daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, hypertension, heart rate variability, some arrhythmia and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD) were monitored and compared between the two groups before and after 5 - 7 days of treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure on the SAHS group.

RESULTSThis study indicated a higher incidence (47.9%) of sleep apnea syndrome in elderly snorers and demonstrated that there was a significantly higher incidence of hypertension, disappearance in daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, poor effectiveness of nitrate on angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, decreased heart rate variability during sleep, increased arrhythmia and lower pulse oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) levels in the SAHS group than in the control group. After nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment during sleep, snoring control, significantly higher SpO(2) levels and lower index of apnea/hypopnea were achieved in the SAHS group; heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure day nocturnal rhythm were returned to normal levels.

CONCLUSIONThis research suggests that there is a close relationship between the development of sleep apnea syndrome and some cardiovascular diseases. Continuous positive nasal airway pressure is effective not only on SAHS but also on coexisting cardiovascular disorders.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; complications ; therapy ; Snoring ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of the recently developed laser surgery in patients who were diagnosed by polysomnography as simple snorers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We operated on 35 patients with apena index of below 5, using CO 2 laser, from June, 1993 through May, 1994 at Yongdong Severance Hospital. For these patients, we carried out before and after assessments of three different kind: first, a follow-up assessment of subjective symptoms, such as snoring, daytime somnolence, nocturnal arousal, and headache; second, a psychodynamic analysis done by a psychiatrist on insomnia and depression: and third, an assessment of subjective atisfaction for 24 weeks following the surgery. RESULTS: Snoring improved in 74.2% of the patients, and daytime somnolence improved in 80.0% of the patients. Nocturnal arousal showed improvement in all the subjects whereas headache showed improvement in 66. 7% of the patients. In the psychodynamic analysis, insomnia as observed in 22.9% of the subjects, showing significant improvemnt. However, depression didn't improve significantly. Subjecive satisfaction of the surgery was noted to be the greatest at the fouth week of the operation but it gradually decreased thereafter. The most common postoperative complication was foreign body sensation (31.4%), which disappeared spontaneously within 3 to 6-months of the operation. CONCLUSION: Laser snoring surgery in simple snorers is found to be an effective method to lessen snoring. However, patients should be informed beforehand that this method of surgery may not fully meet their expectations.
Arousal ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; Headache ; Humans ; Laser Therapy* ; Polysomnography* ; Postoperative Complications ; Psychiatry ; Sensation ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Snoring