Obesity, with an increasing prevalence,has become one of the most common metabolic diseases. Obesity is associated with many respiratory diseases, especially sleep-related breathing disorders including obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and overlap syndrome. This article reviews the association between obesity and these sleep-related breathing disorders.
Humans ; Obesity ; complications ; Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ; etiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; etiology

Obesity-Hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is characterized by morbid obesity, hypoxia, and hypercapnea during wakefulness without parechymal lung disease or severe obstructive sleep apnea. A woman was admitted because of mental deterioration and diagnosed as OHS on the basis of obesity and hypoventilation, while awake, after ruling out other causes. By bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) therapy, hypercapnea and hypoxia were resolved. We report that BiPAP can be an effective treatment for severe hypercapnea and hypoxia in OHS, which obviate the need for invasive endotracheal intubation.
Anoxia ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoventilation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Lung Diseases ; Obesity ; Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome* ; Obesity, Morbid ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Wakefulness

No abstract available.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

No abstract available.
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*

No Abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*

Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

The anesthesiologist should consider all the risk factors and presenting symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea. When in doubt as to the presence of sleep apnea OSA, the patient should be treated as if it is present (and consider whether it is appropriate to delay surgery until the OSA has been diagnosed and treated). Anesthesiologist should provide appropriate postoperative monitoring and CPAP should be used in the recovery room and in the patients room. It can never be overemphasized that with meticulous preparation, careful maintenance of the airway during surgery, and postoperative vigilance, anesthesia can be delivered safely on obstructive sleep apnea patients. Lastly, the anesthesiologists also have an important role to help increase the recognition of the obstructive sleep apnea among their patients by through screening and to take the necessary steps, including informing hospital staff and family members of the precarious relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and anesthesia. (Author)
ANESTHESIA ; SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE

To evaluate the cephalometric and dental characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, 23 OSA patients and 15 control, non-OSA, patients who visited the Sleep Disorder Clinic Center, Keimyung University were investigated. Patients who suffered from apnea-hypopnea episodes over 10 times per hour were diagnosed as having OSA after polysomnograph testing. Impressions were taken with alginate. Cephalometric radiographs were taken at maximum intercuspation. The dental cast measurements, including transpalatal width, intercanine width, intermolar width and palatal depth did not differ between the control and OAS groups and did not have a positive correlation with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Upper airway width was statistically narrower than the control group. Upper airway width had a low negative correlation with AHI, but, lower airway width had a low positive correlation, and, the higher the AHI score, the longer the mandibular border to hyoid distance.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*

The evaluation of obstruction site in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patient is very important, not only for understanding origin and pathophysiology of the disease but also for deciding the range and kind of operation. So far, various attempts have been tried to assess upper airway and its obstruction site. However, no definite method has been determined as standard one. This article is a systematic review with regard to upper airway evaluation in OSA. Various techniques are briefly reviewed and problems are discussed to help readers' decision on evaluation method.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

No abstract available.
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*