Objective To evaluate the influence of factors such as the selection of equipment, focal length and the selection of reconstruction quality in the reconstruction software on the reconstruction results of single camera photogrammetry and provide reference for the forensic application of single camera photogrammetry. Methods The 19 skulls were measured by traditional measurement method and single camera photogrammetry. The differences between the two measurement methods and within the group with same equipment but different focal length were analyzed. One skull and one corpse were selected as the research objects. According to the reconstruction quality selection conditions in the photogrammetric software, the experimental group was divided into five grades. The model reconstructed by optical scanner was defined as reference model, while the model reconstructed by single camera photogrammetry was defined as test model. The test model was aligned with the reference model, 3D deviation analysis was carried out and the mean error and root mean square （RMS） values were calculated. Results The differences between EOS 7D zoom group and traditional measurement, and within the group with same equipment had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The mean error value and minimum RMS value of the skull reconstructed by single camera photogrammetry and the three-dimensional model of the corpse existed in the medium quality group, and the trend was basically the same. Conclusion The equipment and focal length has no obvious influence on the results of single camera photogrammetry. Lower reconstruction quality can easily cause distortion, while higher reconstruction quality can easily generate noise, so medium quality is preferred.
Forensic Medicine ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Photogrammetry ; Skull/diagnostic imaging* ; Software

Child ; Edema ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Emphysema ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Ethmoid Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Eyelid Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; diagnostic imaging ; Orbital Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Skull Fractures ; complications ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis for skull base lesions by PET-CT, and to recognize the working principal and the false-positive results of PET-CT for reducing the misdiagnosis rate. METHOD: The lesions of case 1 involved the pharynx nasalis, pterygopalatine fossa, and orbital apex base of skull, and the lesions of case 2 involved the base of sella were performed with CT, MRI and PET-CT examination. Both of the cases were treated with surgery and histopathologic examination. RESULT: Two cases were diagnosed as nasopharyngeal carcinoma and carcinoma of base of sella by PET-CT, respectively. However, they were finally diagnosed mycosis and pituitary tumor by histopathologic examination after operation. CONCLUSION PET-CT examination in the skull base lesions may give false-positive result. Both clinical information and other imaging examinations should be considered to reduce the misdiagnosis skull base lesions only by PET-CT.
Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Skull Base ; diagnostic imaging ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging

Carotid Artery Injuries/etiology* ; Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging* ; Foreign Bodies/complications* ; Humans ; Skull ; Skull Base/diagnostic imaging*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of skeleton structure and masseter after mandibular angle osteotomy and its clinical significance in preoperative design.

METHODS3-dimensional CT cephalometry was performed before and after surgery in 18 cases of prominent mandibular angle.

RESULTSPre- and post-operative data were compared. Significant differences between the pre- and post-operative data were found in the mandibular angle, the distance between mandibular angle, length of ramus, ectropion angle of mandibular angle, triangle Go-Me-Go, the thickness, width and length of masseter.

CONCLUSIONSIt indicates the skeleton structure is changed and some kind of atrophy happens in the masseter after operation. So we suggest partial resection of masseter should be unnecessary for mandibular angle osteotomy.

Cephalometry ; methods ; Facial Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Mandible ; diagnostic imaging ; Masseter Muscle ; diagnostic imaging ; Osteotomy ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible incubator in cranial MRI examination for neonates. METHODS: A total of 120 neonates who were hospitalized in three hospitals and needed to undergo MRI examination were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 60 neonates in each group. The neonates in the experimental group were transferred with MRI-compatible incubator and underwent cranial MRI examination inside the MRI-compatible incubator, and those in the control group were transferred using a conventional neonatal transfer incubator and then underwent MRI examination outside the incubator. The two groups were compared in terms of the primary efficacy index (total examination time), secondary efficacy indices (times of examination, MRI completion rate on the first day of use), and safety indices (incidence rate of adverse events and vital signs). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in total examination time, times of examination, and MRI completion rate on the first day of use between the two groups ( CONCLUSIONS The use of MRI-compatible incubator does not significantly shorten the examination time of cranial MRI, but it does provide a relatively stable environment for examination with acceptable safety. There is a need for further studies with a larger population.
Humans ; Incubators, Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation* ; Prospective Studies ; Skull/diagnostic imaging*

OBJECTIVE: To show imaging findings of inferior orbital fissure (IOF) and groove (IOG) on axial CT scans and to discover their anatomic variations, so as to avoid misdiagnosing them as orbital fracture. METHODS: 25 normal skull were used to investigate the configurations of IOF and IOG. Five skulls were performed axial CT scans. 20 normal orbital axial scans were studied as well. MPR and RT-3D reconstructions were used in this study. RESULTS: Skulls scans and normal orbital images on axial CT showed three sorts of findings: (1) single bony dehiscence between lateral and inferior walls; (2) first type of double bony dehiscence between lateral and inferior walls, among the dehiscence interposing a small bone. The long axis of the small bone was parallel to orbital wall; (3) second type of double bony dehiscence between lateral and inferior walls, but the long axis of the small bone was in anteroposterior direction. Anatomy and variation of three sorts of CT findings were corresponded respectively to: (1) a baseball club-shaped IOF; (2) a "V"-shaped IOF, that is composed of both of lateral and internal ramus, lateral ramus situates between the zygoma and the lateral portion of greater wing of sphenoid, and internal ramus between the maxilla and the internal portion of greater wing of sphenoid, both rami intercross caudally and open upwards in a "V"-shaped configuration; (3) a deep IOG with a protuberant lateral wall. CONCLUSION Familiarity of imaging features on the axial CT scans and understanding of their anatomy of IOF and IOG would be helpful for avoiding misdiagnosis of orbital fracture.
Cadaver ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Orbit/diagnostic imaging* ; Orbital Fractures/pathology* ; Skull/diagnostic imaging* ; Sphenoid Bone/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of the additional skull lateral static imaging in whole-body bone imaging (WBI) vs CT for evaluation of skull base invasion in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

METHODSA total of 405 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC underwent WBI with additional static imaging of the left and right skull as well as CT examination of the nasopharynx and skull base within one week before the radiotherapy.

RESULTSThe concordance rates between WBI and CT for positive and negative diagnosis were 29.48% and 76.05% in these cases, respectively, with the total concordance rate of 81.23%. The concordance rates between skull lateral static imaging with visual judgment and CT examination for positive and negative diagnosis were 67.95% and 74.07%, respectively, showing a total concordance rate of 87.16%. Skull lateral static imaging with semi-quantitative analysis and CT examination showed concordance rates for positive and negative diagnosis of 75.64% and 74.07%, respectively, with a total rate of 88.64%. In 27 patients with negative diagnosis by CT but a positive one in skull lateral static imaging with semi-quantitative analysis, 9 had a positive diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging.

CONCLUSIONSSkull lateral static imaging can be of value in the diagnosis of skull base invasion in NPC patients and may serve as an effective means for screening skull base invasion in NPC.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Skull Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Whole Body Imaging ; Young Adult

Foramen Magnum ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Melanocytes ; pathology ; Melanoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Skull Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Headache ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Traditional ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Witchcraft ; Wounds, Penetrating ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy