Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality. Epidermal growth factor receptor is expressed in the majority of non-small cell lung cancer tumor cells, making it possible to give these patients more precise and targeted therapies. The mechanisms of abnormal EGFR regulation are closely related to the efficacy of targeted therapy and the occurrence of drug resistance. Therefore, this review will review the expression mechanism of EGFR in NSCLC and the acquired drug resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor after treatment of NSCLC.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects and mechanism of couplet medicines of Scutellaria baicalensis-Paeonia lactiflora on improving ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. METHODS: A total of 70 mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, S. baicalensis group (1. 5 g/kg), P. lactiflora group (1. 5 g/kg), S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora (2:1, 1:1, 1:2, m/m) groups (total amount of 1. 5 g/kg), with 10 mice in each group. Except for blank group, UC model of mice was induced in each group. The next day after modeling, treatment groups were given relevant medicine liquid 0. 2 mL/10 g (75 mg/mL, calculated by crude drug mass concentration), while blank group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline intragastrically, once a day, for consecutive 7 d. After administration, disease activity indexes (DAI) of rats were scored, and the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, D-LA and myeloperoxidase (DAO) were determined. The length of the colon was measured and the intestinal mass index was calculated in mice. The activities of medullary peroxide (MPO) and SOD, the levels of NO and MDA were determined in colon tissue. RESULTS: Compared with blank group, DAI score, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, D-LA and DAO, the levels of MPO, NO and MDA in colon were increased significantly in model group, while the length of colon, intestinal mass index and SOD level of colon tissue were decreased significantly, with statistical significance (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with model group, DAI score, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and DAO, the level of MDA in colon were decreased significantly in S. baicalensis group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, the level of MDA in colon were decreased significantly in P. lactiflora group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Above indexes of S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora (2:1) group were improved significantly except for the length of colon (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Above indexes of S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora (1:1) group were improved significantly except for serum level of IL-6 and the level of SOD in colon (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Above indexes of S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora (1:2) group were improved significantly except for serum level of NO (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). CONCLUSIONS: The couplet medicines of S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora can reduce the expression of proinflammatory factors, enhancing antioxidant activity of the body and decrease intestinal mucosal permeability so as to improve UC symptom of mice; and the effect of S. baicalensis-P. lactiflora (2:1) group is the best.

MicroRNA-490 (miR-490) is an important member of the miRNA family and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies have shown that miR-490 is abnormally expressed in various tumors such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, etc., which plays an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene role in the biological behaviors such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of different tumor cells. MiR-490 is expected to be an indicator of tumor diagnosis and clinical prognosis, and in-depth study of its mechanism is expected to provide a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Objective:To assess the association between visual-related quality of life (QOL) and the severity of quick contrast sensitivity function (qCSF) defects in patients with early cataract.Methods:A cross section design was performed.Ninety-two eyes of 46 patients with early cataract were enrolled in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from March to June in 2017.All subjects completed the Chinese version of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). The qCSF measurements were performed monocularly and binocularly while the patients wearing full spectacle correction spectacles.Rasch analysis was performed to obtain final NEI VFQ-25 scores.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(LogMAR) was measured and the eye with the better or the worse visual acuity was defined accordingly.The correlation between the Rasch calibrated QOL composite scores and the qCSF measurements of the better eye, the worse eye and binoculus, including the area under Log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF), qCSF under cut-off frequency and 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, 18.0 c/d were analyzed.This study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center.This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki.Results:The Rasch calibrated QOL composite score was 64.13±4.76.Significant negative correlations were found between composite scores of QOL and the BCVA of both the better or worse eye(the better eye: r=-0.386, P=0.008; the worse eye: r=-0.413, P=0.004). Significant positive correlations were found between the composite scores of QOL and the AULCSF of binoculus, the better and worse eye (binoculus: r=0.531, P<0.001; the better eye: r=0.524, P<0.001; the worse eye: r=0.711, P<0.001); Significant positive correlations were found between the composite scores of QOL and the qCSF under cut-off of binoculus, the better and worse eye (binoculus: r=0.504; the better eye: r=0.419; the worse eye: r=0.694, P<0.01). The composite scores of QOL was positively correlated with the qCSF under 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 c/d of binoculus, the better and worse eye (binoculus: r=0.444, 0.544, 0.545, 0.493; all at P<0.05; the better eye: r=0.374, 0.506, 0.530, 0.431; all at P<0.05; the worse eye: r=0.513, 0.679, 0.710, 0.558; all at P<0.05). The composite scores of QOL was positively correlated with the qCSF under 1.0, 18.0 c/d of binoculus and the worse eye (1.0 c/d: r=0.296, 0.292; both at P<0.05; 18.0 c/d: r=0.386, 0.321; both at P<0.05). Conclusions:The qCSF measurements can reflect visual function of patients with early cataract at different spatial frequencies.The qCSF measurements of binoculus, the better eye and the worse eye show significant correlations with the composite scores of QOL.The QOL of early cataract patients shows a strong dependency on the worse eye.

Objective: To study the application of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) in hepatocellular carcinoma with mild-to-moderate liver cirrhosis. Methods: There are 14 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent ALPPS at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hong Kong University-Shenzhen Hospital from April 2014 to December 2017. The clinical data was retrospectively studied. The studying objects consisted of 9 males and 5 females, aged from 26 to 71 years old with the average age of 51, all cases were of Child-Pugh grade A. The degree of liver cirrhosis, operation and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results: All 14 patients completed the ALPPS, 1 patient died post stage 2 operation with liver failure. Comparing the groups with no liver cirrhosis (n=4) with the groups of mild liver cirrhosis (n=5) and moderate liver cirrhosis (n=5), the future liver remnant liver volume growth rates were 58%, 46% and 45.6%, respectively. The average operation intervals were 9.0, 11.2 and 12.8 days, respectively. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 patients: 2 patients with liver failure, 1 patient with intestinal obstruction, and 1 patient with hepatic ascites. Conclusion ALPPS for Child-Pugh grade A, hepatocellular carcinoma with mild-to-moderate liver cirrhosis treatment is safe and feasible.

Objective:To study the safety and efficacy on timing of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) stageⅡbased on increase in remnant liver volume.Methods:19 patients (male: female 13: 6; average age 53 years) with liver tumors treated by ALPPS from April 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively studied. Patients with FLV/ESLV (future liver volume/ estimated standard liver volume) increase of more than 50% within 1 week followed by stageⅡALPPS were included into the rapid group ( n=8). Those who failed to have 50% increase in FLV/ESLV within 1 week were included into the control group ( n=11). The two groups were compared in the ALPPS stage II in operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications, mortality rate and hospital stay. Results:All 19 patients underwent ALPPS stage II uneventfully. One patient in the control group died from liver failure within 30 days of operation. The operation time (3.2±1.8)h, blood loss (554±227) ml and postoperative hospital stay (12.6±2.4) d in the rapid group were significantly better than those in the control group (4.7±2.2) h, [(760±314) ml, (18.2±6.4) d (all P<0.05)]. The two groups had similar complication rates in both post stageⅠ[37.5%(3/8) vs. 45.4%(5/11)] , or stageⅡ [37.5%(3/8) vs. 36.4%(4/11)] (both P>0.05). Conclusion:Rapid increase in FLR volume of more than 50% within a week was safe and feasible to proceed to ALPPS stage II. This conclusion needs to be confirmed by further studies using large sample sizes.

【Objective】 To explore and verify the mechanism of curcumin’s inhibition of the proliferation of renal clear cell carcinoma （RCCC） based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics. 【Methods】 We screened common target genes of RCCC and curcumin from PharmMapper and GeneCards databases. We used TCGA database data analysis to screen out common target genes which not only differentially expressed between RCCC tissue samples and normal tissue samples but also affected prognosis. We also used STRING platform to construct curcumin-RCCC targets interaction network， used R software to perform GO biological process analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis based on the above-mentioned screening target proteins. After curcumin and/or active oxygen inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine （NAC） were incubated in renal cancer 786-O and ACHN cells， CCK8 was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of curcumin on cell proliferation and cell viability. Reactive oxygen detection kit （DCFH-DA） was used to detect the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species， and malondialdehyde （MDA） determination kit （TBA method） to detect intracellular malondialdehyde changes. 【Results】 PharmMapper website and GeneCards database screened out 109 common targets of curcumin and RCCC. TCGA database data analysis screened out 37 differentially expressed genes （DEGs） that might affect the overall survival of patients. The core target proteins of curcumin screened out by protein-protein interaction （PPI） that inhibited the biological behavior of RCCC mainly involved CASP3， EGFR， CHEK1， HSP90AA1， and AR. GO enrichment analysis identified 213 items， mainly including reactive oxygen species metabolic process， response to steroid hormones， fibrinolysis and other biologically active processes. KEGG enrichment analysis identified 24 items， which were mainly related to pyruvate metabolism， glycolysis/gluconeogenesis， FoxO signaling pathway， colorectal cancer， tyrosine metabolism， IL-17 signaling pathway， apoptosis and other signaling pathways. Curcumin reduced the cell viability of 786-O and ACHN in a time- and dose-dependent manner （P<0.05）. After curcumin was incubated with kidney cancer cells， the level of reactive oxygen species and MDA increased significantly （P<0.05）. The addition of NAC reversed the effect of curcumin on the cell viability of 786-O and ACHN cells （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 Curcumin may participate in the oxidative stress pathway to inhibit the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma.