Objective: To determine the correlation between obesity related indicators and blood lipid levels among children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 5 812 participants were included. Height, weight, body composition, waist circumference, blood pressure were measured and fasting glucose and blood lipid levels were tested based on a cross sectional survey of children and adolescents 6-17 years in Beijing, 2022-2023. The body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), body roundness index (BRI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Linear and Logistic regression were used to analyze the associations between the four obesity indicators (BMI, FMI, BRI, and WHtR) and blood lipids in children and adolescents. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate differences in the associations between different obesity indicators with dyslipidemia. Results: Linear regression showed that BMI, FMI, BRI, and WHtR were positively correlated with triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non HDL-C) levels (boys: β 6-9 years =0.02-0.28, β 10-17 years =0.02-0.37; girls: β 6-9 years =0.02-0.28, β 10-17 years =0.03-0.25), and negatively correlated with the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level in both genders across age subgroups (boys: β BMI = -0.03, β FMI = -0.04 , β BRI =-0.09, β WHtR =-0.17; girls: β BMI =-0.03, β FMI =-0.04, β BRI =-0.11, β WHtR =-0.20) (all P <0.01). The associations between total cholesterol (TC) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels with obesity indicators differed significantly by gender and age. The TC level was positively associated with obesity indicators in boys of all ages ( β BMI =0.01, β FMI =0.03, β BRI = 0.08 , and β WHtR =0.16) but only with FMI, BRI, and WHtR in girls 6-9 years of age ( β FMI =0.02, β BRI =0.05, and β WHtR =0.08) (all P <0.05). The RC level had a negative correlation with BRI in boys 10-17 years of age ( β =-0.01) and a positive correlation with BMI in girls 6- 9 years of age ( β =0.00) (all P <0.05). Logistic regression indicated that elevated obesity indicators were significantly associated with higher risks of elevated TG, LDL-C, and non HDL-C levels and a decreased HDL-C level in all gender age stratas (all P <0.01). Only the BMI and FMI in girls 6-9 years of age were significantly related to a high RC ( OR =1.07, 1.07, both P <0.05). ROC analysis revealed that FMI, BRI, and WHtR were more predictive than BMI of elevated TG, LDL-C, and non HDL-C levels. The BMI was superior in predicting a decreased HDL-C level in boys, while no significant difference was detected among indicators in girls. Indeed, all obesity indicators had poor predictive performance for elevated TC, RC, and LDL-C levels in girls (all AUC<0.7). Conclusions Obesity indicators reflecting body fat content and fat distribution are shown to be closely associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with obvious age and gender differences. The FMI, BRI, and WHtR have potential advantages in the early identification of dyslipidemia among children and adolescents compared to the BMI alone.

Just-in-time adaptive intervention is an emerging technology driven type of behavioral change intervention that can provide tailored behavioral support to participants when they are most likely to change negative behavior.This article reviews the application of just-in-time adaptive intervention in chronic illness sedentary and physical activity from 3 aspects:overview,application,and intervention effect.The aim is to provide theoretical references for improving sedentary behaviors and enhancing physical activity.

Objective:To explore the experiences and needs of discharged patients with ischemic stroke during the implementation of home-based digital-intelligent blood pressure management.Methods:Using purposive sampling method, 13 acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and discharged to receive home-based digital-intelligent blood pressure management were selected for face-to-face semi-structured interviews between March and May 2024. Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used for the analysis.Results:A total of three themes and six sub-themes were extracted, namely, the double-edged effect under digital-intelligent empowerment (current situation of collision between technological novelty and cognitive generation gap, and contradiction between precision priority and lagging user experience), inertial resistance and behavioral reshaping in the process of digital-intelligent intervention (behavioral intervention exclusion under life inertia and self-efficacy enhancement driven by digital intelligence), and the "support disconnection" and the need for system reconstruction in home-based rehabilitation (professional guidance "vacuum" identity anxiety, and imbalance in the tension of family support networks) .Conclusions:Home-based blood pressure digital-intelligent management devices and programs for ischemic stroke patients need to be improved and developed. The role of multidisciplinary teams should be actively utilized, the digital divide should be emphasized, and post-disease family relationships should be reconstructed to further enhance patients' awareness of long-term blood pressure management.

Just-in-time adaptive intervention is an emerging technology driven type of behavioral change intervention that can provide tailored behavioral support to participants when they are most likely to change negative behavior.This article reviews the application of just-in-time adaptive intervention in chronic illness sedentary and physical activity from 3 aspects:overview,application,and intervention effect.The aim is to provide theoretical references for improving sedentary behaviors and enhancing physical activity.

Objective:To explore the experiences and needs of discharged patients with ischemic stroke during the implementation of home-based digital-intelligent blood pressure management.Methods:Using purposive sampling method, 13 acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and discharged to receive home-based digital-intelligent blood pressure management were selected for face-to-face semi-structured interviews between March and May 2024. Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used for the analysis.Results:A total of three themes and six sub-themes were extracted, namely, the double-edged effect under digital-intelligent empowerment (current situation of collision between technological novelty and cognitive generation gap, and contradiction between precision priority and lagging user experience), inertial resistance and behavioral reshaping in the process of digital-intelligent intervention (behavioral intervention exclusion under life inertia and self-efficacy enhancement driven by digital intelligence), and the "support disconnection" and the need for system reconstruction in home-based rehabilitation (professional guidance "vacuum" identity anxiety, and imbalance in the tension of family support networks) .Conclusions:Home-based blood pressure digital-intelligent management devices and programs for ischemic stroke patients need to be improved and developed. The role of multidisciplinary teams should be actively utilized, the digital divide should be emphasized, and post-disease family relationships should be reconstructed to further enhance patients' awareness of long-term blood pressure management.

Objective:To develop an expert consensus on safety management of inpatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (referred to as the " Consensus") and standardize safety management strategies for AD inpatients. Methods:The evidence on safety management of AD inpatients was searched, evaluated, and summarized, with a search period from database establishment to July 31, 2023. This study conducted methodological quality evaluation and evidence extraction on the included article to form a consensus draft. A total of 24 experts from 15 hospitals across the country were selected for two rounds of Delphi expert consultation to analyze, revise, and improve their opinions, forming the final draft of the Consensus. Results:The positive coefficients for both rounds of expert consultation were 100.00% (24/24). In the second round of consultation, the expert judgment basis coefficient was 0.925, familiarity level was 0.846, authority coefficient was 0.886, Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.044 ( P<0.01). The Consensus elaborated on five common safety problems (loss, falling, aspiration/choking, self-injury/other injury, and medication errors in AD inpatients) from three aspects (assessment, identification of risk factors, and nursing strategies) . Conclusions:The Consensus is scientific and practical to a certain extent, providing guidance and reference for the safety management practice of AD inpatients.

Objective:To form an expert consensus on plasma exchange nursing for severe autoimmune encephalitis ( " Consensus" for short) and standardize the practice of plasma exchange nursing for severe autoimmune encephalitis. Methods:After reviewing and summarizing the literature related to plasma exchange of severe autoimmune encephalitis, the relevant nursing evidence was extracted and the draft of Consensus was formed. From September to October 2023, a total of 20 experts were selected to conduct two rounds of expert letter consultation, and then the expert results were analyzed, sort outed and modified to form the final draft of the Consensus. Results:The expert positive coefficient was 100.00% (20/20), the expert judgment basis coefficient was 0.89, the expert familiarity coefficient was 0.85, the expert authority coefficient was 0.87, and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.15-0.22 ( P<0.05). The final Consensus included plasma exchange quality control management, preparation and evaluation before plasma exchange, setting and monitoring during plasma exchange, and evaluation and maintenance after plasma exchange. Conclusions:This Consensus is practical and can provide guidance for clinical nursing practice and quality control of plasma exchange in severe autoimmune encephalitis.

Objective:To explore the core competence that Neurology nurses should possess through qualitative research.Methods:In July 2023, a semi-structured interview was conducted by purposive sampling to select 15 clinical nurses and 7 head nurses in Department of Neurology of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. Colaizzi 7-step analysis method in phenomenological research was used to analyze data.Results:The core competence model of neurology nurses were summarized into 7 themes, including clinical competence (symptom assessment ability of neurological diseases, critical rescue ability of neurological diseases, specialized skills related to neurological disease treatment), research ability, teaching ability, management ability, personal quality (communication ability, learning ability, teamwork ability), professional quality (patience, responsibility, love, empathy), and the supervision ability of neurology head nurses over nurses (development of continuing education on neurological diseases, promotion of career planning for neurology nurses) .Conclusions:The analysis of the core competence of Neurology nurses provides a basis for improving nursing quality, promoting disease prognosis for patients with neurological disorders, and enhancing their quality of life.

Objective:Based on the core competence of stroke certified registered nurses, this study construct the theoretical raining curriculum system for stroke certified registered nurses and made a preliminary evaluation.Methods:Using Delphi expert consultation method and based on literature research, the first draft of training course for stroke certified registered nurses was formed. In the form of Email, 14 experts in the field of stroke care who met the selection criteria were sent a questionnaire, and two rounds of consultation were conducted. The theoretical raining curriculum system for the training of stroke specialist nurses was constructed; the purpose sampling method was used to evaluate the application effect of the stroke specialist nursing theoretical training curriculum system through the theoretical performance and satisfaction evaluation of 127 trainees who participated in the first phase of the stroke specialist nursing theoretical training curriculum.Results:The recovery rate and effective rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaire were 14/14, the authority coefficient of the second round of expert consultation was 0.94, and the expert Kandall coordination coefficients of the first, second and third-level indexes were 0.356, 0.216, 0.207 respectively ( P<0.05). The training curriculum of stroke specialist nurses finally formed included 5 primary indicators (Professional practice concept, general nursing knowledge, stroke diagnosis and treatment, acute stroke nursing management, secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disease), 21 secondary indicators and 63 tertiary indicators. The Analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight coefficients of all levels of indicators, and the consistency Ratio <0.1. Based on the curriculum system as the content framework, theoretical courses were set up to train stroke specialist nurses. 109 trainees completed the post-training assessment. Before training, the qualified rate of theoretical performance of stroke certified registered nurses was 77.95% (99/127), and after training, the qualified rate of theoretical performance of stroke certified registered nurses was 100% (109/109). The difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=27.60, P<0.01). The excellent rate of theoretical performance of stroke certified registered nurses before training was 35.43% (45/127), and 100% (109/109) after training, the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=24.17, P<0.01).The average score of the trainees′ satisfaction was (38.90±2.55) points. Conclusions:The theoretical raining curriculum system for stroke certified registered nurses setting constructed in this study standardizes the training system of stroke nurses to a certain extent, and provides a basis for the construction of homogeneous training courses in China in the future.

Objective: To explore trends in the asthma burden among Chinese children and adolescents 1-19 years old during 1990-2019. Methods: Based on data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study, joinpoint regression was used to analyze the dynamic changes in the gender and age specific asthma burden, and the asthma burden in China was compared with countries that have different socio demographic indices(SDI). In addition, trends in asthma burden attributed to different risk factors were also investigated. Results: The asthma burden decreased slightly from 1990 to 1996 [annual percent change (APC)=-1.7%], then rapidly decreased from 1996 to 2005 (APC=-5.7%). The age standardized disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rate decreased from 158.55/100 000 to 88.59/100 000 in patients 1-19 years of age. From 2005 to 2017, the DALYs rate for asthma increased slowly, then rapidly. In 2017, the DALYs rate peaked at 176.18/100 000, then decreased to 126.79/100 000 in 2019. The burden of asthma in boys was higher than girls, and the DALYs rate for asthma in the group 5-9 years of age was higher than the remaining age groups. Furthermore, the age standardized DALYs rate for asthma among Chinese children and adolescents was relatively low among countries with a different SDI. In addition, the DALYs rate attributed to high body mass index increased in all age groups in China. Specifically, the average APC (AAPC) was 2.9% in group 1-4 years of age and the AAPC was 4.2% in the remaining age groups. The DALYs rate attributed to occupational asthmagens in the group 15-19 years of age decreased from 1990 to 2019 and the AAPC was -2.5%. Conclusion The asthma burden was relatively low among Chinese children and adolescents, and there were gender and age differences. The gender and age specific DALYs rate for asthma had a tendency to decrease, increase, then decrease. More attention should be paid to boys and the group 5-9 years of age, and strengthen the intervention of obesity and occupational asthmagens.