This article gives a brief account of the origin and development of pestle needle therapy, and its special acupoints, needling instruments and commonly used techniques, and explores the close relationship between pestle needle therapy and the traditional Chinese medical theory to seek more theory support of this therapy from traditional Chinese medicine. The article also summarizes clinical indications for pestle needle therapy and regularities in the practical application of this therapy to promote the inheritance and development of pestle needle therapy.

Aim To establish a mouse breast cancer model stab-ly expressing HER2. Methods 4T1-Luc mouse breast cancer cell line was transfected with the full-length human HER2 gene and selected with G418. The HER2 expression in 4T1-Luc stable cells was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting ( FACS) and Western blot. 4T1-Luc/HER2 cells were implanted into the mammary fat pads of BALB/c or nude mice. After tumor stabili-zation, mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups for treatment with PBS control, chA21, Trastuzumab, or chA21 plus Trastu-zumab. Tumor volumes were measured and tumor growth inhibi-tion ratios were calculated twice a week. At the end of experi-ment, tumor metastasis in mice was detected by bioluminescence imaging technology. Results Several 4T1-Luc/HER2 stable cell clones were obtained after G418 selection. FACS and West-ern blot analysis showed that all clones expressed HER2 protein at high levels. These 4T1-Luc/HER2 clones showed good tumor-igenicity in mice with steady tumor growth after one week of cell implantation. After 2-3 weeks, metastatic tumor cells were seen in the lung, cheek and groin areas. In BALB/c mice, the tumor growth inhibition ratio was 43. 3% in chA21 plus Trastuzumab group (P<0. 05 vs PBS control), which was higher than chA21 group (11. 1%) or Trastuzumab group (23%). In addition, the luminescence number and density of tumor metastases in lungs were significantly reduced in the antibody combination group. Conclusions The mouse model of spontaneously metastasizing breast cancer with HER2 overexpression is successfully estab-lished. The preliminary study suggests that anti-HER2 antibody combination of chA21 and Trastuzumab has excellent inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis.

By using data mining technology, the characteristics of acupoints selection of modern moxibustion for primary dysmenorrhea (PD) were analyzed. The modern literature regarding moxibustion for PDl was coll6cted~ from a comprehensive retrieval in Chinese Biomedical Medicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and PubMed. The prescription database of moxihustion was established, and the association rule4 method of data mining technology was adopted to analyze characteristics and rules of acupoints selection of modern moxibustion for PD. As a result, a total of 35 acupoints were involved with a total frequency of 399. The acupoints, with higher selected frequency included Guanyuan (CV 4, 90 times), Sanyinjiao (SP 6, 47 times), Shenque (CV 8, 43 times), Zhongji (CV 3, 3 times) and Qihai (CV 6, 28 tirmes); the ratio of yin-meridian acupoints to1 yang-meridian acupoints was approximately 341; the utilization of the specific acupoints accountedfor68. 6% (24/35); the crossing acupoints were used mostly (203 "times), featured with high acupoints selected, especially Guanyuan (CV 4), Sanyinjiao CSP 6) and Zhongji (CV 3); the front-mu points (130 times), he-sa points (19 times) and lower he-sea points (18 times) were frequently used. The results reveal thiat acupoints selection of moxibustion of PD focuses on the local acupoints and comnbination with the distal acupoints. The yin-meridian acupoints are preferred and the specific acupoints are the main part of the prescription. This conclusion can also be used to optimize the choosing of acupoints in clinic.
Acupuncture Points ; Data Mining ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Dysmenorrhea ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of acupuncture at acupoints and non-acupoints on macrophage polarization of white adipose tissue in obese mice induced by high-fat diet(HFD).

METHODSFifty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group (=10), and other mice were fed with HFD for 16 weeks to establish model. Thirty model mice, which were successfully established and continuously fed with HFD for 8 weeks, were randomized into a model group, a non-acupoint group and an acupuncture group (=10/group). The mice in the control group were continuously fed with common food for 8 weeks. From the second day after model established, the mice of the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4), "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Weiwanxiashu" (EX-B 3); the mice of the non-acupoint group were treated with acupuncture at two non-acupoints in tail, 15 min a time, once a day for 8 weeks. After model establishment and on the second day after the last acupuncture treatment, the body weight was recorded. The level of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) in eye socket blood were measured. The morphological structure of epididymis white adipose tissue (eWAT) in mice was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The mRNA expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-10, inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS), CD206 in eWAT of mice were determined with real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The protein expressions of iNOS and CD206 in eWAT were determined with immunohistochemistry staining (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the body weight in the model, non-acupoint and acupuncture groups increased at the 16th and 24th weeks (all<0.05). Compared with the model group, the body weight of the acupuncture group at the 24th week decreased (<0.05). The serum TG and TC in the model group increased compared with those of the control group (both<0.05). The TC in the non-acupoint group decreased (<0.05), and the TG and TC in the acupuncture group decreased compared with those in the model group (both<0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expressions of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS in the model and non-acupoint groups increased compared with those in the control group (all<0.05), and the mRNA expressions of IL-10 and CD206 decreased (all<0.05). The mRNA expressions of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS in the acupuncture group were lower than those in the model group (all<0.05), and the mRNA expressions of IL-10 and CD206 were higher (both<0.05). HE staining showed alveolate adipose tissue in the control group with numbers of unilocular adipose cells, vacuolar polygon or circle. The adipose cells in the model group were larger and irregular with larger intercellular space. The adipose cells in the acupuncture group were minified with smaller intercellular space. Compared with those in the control group, the protein expressions of iNOS increased (both<0.05) and those of CD206 decreased (both<0.05) in the model and non-acupoint groups. Compared with those in the model group, the protein expression of iNOS decreased (<0.05) and that of CD206 increased (<0.05) in the acupuncture group.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can improve inflammation of obese mice through affecting macrophage polarization of white adipose tissue.

OBJECTIVEThis retrospective study is to analyze the outcomes of cN0 stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma and to discuss a reasonable neck management for these cases.

METHODSTotally 132 cases of cN0 stage tongue squamous cell carcinomas were included. Seventy-one cases were performed neck dissection(group ND), 61 cases were under wait-and-see (group WS). The clinical, pathological and follow up data of two groups were analyzed.

RESULTSThe cumulative three-year-survival between group ND and group WS were 87.3% and 83.4% respectively. In group ND, the survival of T1 and T2 cases were 89.3% and 83.3% respectively, while 89.6% and 58.3% in WS. For T2b cases which the size was larger than 3.0 cm, the survival of group WS was greatly lower than that of group ND. Both in ND and WS groups. The pathologically poor differentiation cases got poor survival than middle and well cases.

CONCLUSIONThe wait-and-see policy is recommanded for T1 stage cN0 tongue squamous cell carcinoma. For T2 cases that the tumor size is smaller than 3.0 cm, the wait-and-see is also reasonable, while the neck dissection should be considered in cases of poor differentiation. For large T2 cases, the selective neck dissection should be performed.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tongue Neoplasms

Objective To analyze and compare the chemical components of the volatile oil in different parts of Cryptotae-nia japonica .Methods Essential oils were extracted from the root ,stem ,leaf ,fruit of Cryptotaenia japonica through steam distillation .GC-MS analysis combined with Kovats retention index methods were used to analyze its main components .Results 28 peaks were separated and 28 compounds were identified from volatile oils from the root of Cryptotaenia japonica ,ac-counting for 86.66% of the total ,27 peaks were separated and 27 compounds were identified from volatile oils from stem of Cryptotaenia japonica ,accounting for 88 .01% of the total ,27 peaks were separated and 27 compounds were identified from volatile oils from leaves of Cryptotaenia japonica ,accounting for 94 .03% of the total ,26 peaks were separated and 26 com-pounds were identified from volatile oils from fruit of Cryptotaenia japonica ,accounting for 88 .32% of the total .35 kinds of volatile compounds were identified from the whole strain ,and the main components of each part of the volatile oil were sesquit-erpene compounds ,containing a small amount of monoterpenes .Among all the 35 compounds ,different parts of Cryptotaenia japonica share 22 compounds .Compounds 19 ,23 only exists in the volatile oil from the roots .Aromadendrene ,compound 25 , red myrrh alcohol only exists in the volatile oil from the fruit .So there is a certain difference in the types and quantity of the compounds .Conclusion The volatile oil of Cryptotaenia japonica contains many physiologically active substance .Take the whole plant as a medicine has its rationality ,which provide a scientific basis for the further research and development of Cryp-totaenia j aponica .

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperactivity behavior in children aged 3-6 in Yunnan Province, to explore its relationship with neuropsychological development, so as to provide clues for early prevention and intervention of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 1 321 children aged 3 to 6 from 10 kindergartens in 5 prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province were selected by stratified random sampling method from October 2022 to May 2023. Teacher Rating Scale (TRS) was used to investigate childrens hyperactive behavior and coexistent behavior. A qualified evaluator applied the Developmental Scale for Children Aged 0-6 Years to assess the development of 5 ability areas of gross motor movement，fine movement，adaptive ability，language and social behavior. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and χ2 test. Binary Logistic regression was applied to analyze the score of their hyperactivity behavior and its relationship with other behavior problems and neuropsychological development. Results: The detection rate of hyperactivity behavior was 8.6% in children aged 3 to 6 years, 12.8% in boys and 4.1% in girls (χ2=31.53, P<0.01). The detection rate of hyperactivity in 3yearold children was 13.9%, which was higher than that in 4yearold (9.2%) and 5yearold children (7.0%) (χ2=8.73, P<0.05). The detection rate of inattentionpassivity of rural children (14.6%) was higher than that of urban children (5.9%) (χ2=22.23, P<0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the level of adaptive development, the lower the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.58, 95%CI=0.39-0.86), the higher the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.35-0.91), the higher the risk of conduct problems (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.37-0.87), inattentionpassivity (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.33-0.74) were also at lower risk (P<0.05). Children with higher levels of fine motor development had a lower risk of inattentionpassivity (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.37-0.93, P<0.05). Conclusions Hyperactivity in boys and inattentionpassivity in rural children requires more attention. It is necessary to strengthen childrens early adaptive ability and fine motor training to prevent hyperactive behavior and inattention.

In order to avoid international experts and scholars questioning the clinical effect of acupuncture, based on the traditional acupuncture theory and research reports, some questions are proposed from the research design, acupuncture effect and outcome explanation on the study ofpublished inin June 2017. And some thoughts and suggestions for the future development of the clinical acupuncture study are showed.

Objective To construct an objective analysis system of corneal nerve tortuosity and detect the changes of corneal subbasal nerve tortuosity in patients with dry eye and diabetes. Methods GradeⅠtoⅣnerve tortuosity were evaluated and 80 photos of each grade were randomly chosen from the in vivo confocal microscopy library. Nerve fibers were extracted,segmented and then analyzed by 6 tortuosity related parameters including L C, Seg L C mean,Cur mean,Specific p,ICM and SCC mean. After verifying the validaty of parameters above,a cross-sectional study was conducted. Subjects were collected from June,2018 to February,2019 in Peking University Third Hospital,and were divided into healthy control group (28 persons 56 eyes),dry eye without diabetes group (28 patients 56 eyes),diabetes without dry eye group(24 patients 48 eyes),diabetes with dry eye group (23 patients 46 eyes) . Basic and dry eye information includes sex,age,ocular surface disease index ( OSDI) ,tear film break-up time (TBUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and corneal fluorescence staining (CFS) score. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were detected in diabetic patients. Cochet-Bonnet examination (C-BE) was detected to evaluate corneal sensation and 2 corneal subbasal nerve photos of each eye were selected for effective tortuosity and density related parameters analysis. Data was analyzed by SPSS and diagnostic test were perfomed by MedCalc. This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki. This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Peking University Third Hospital ( No. IRB00006761-M2017354 ) . Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering study cohort. Results L C,Seg L C mean,Cur mean,Specific p,ICM and SCC mean increased as the nerve tortuosity increased from Grade Ⅰ to Grade Ⅳ,with an overall significance among 4 groups (F=39. 100, 36. 367,57. 743,4. 043,6. 818,33. 493;all at P<0. 01). Among the above 6 parameters,Cur mean and L C of any two groups were of significant difference (all at P<0. 01). Twenty three to twenty eight persons were enrolled in each group of the cross-sectional study. Sex and age were comparable among 4 groups. Diagnostic criteria were met in dry eye and diabetes. Corneal sensation parameter C-BE decreased in diabetes without dry eye group and diabetes with dry eye group compared with healthy control group ( all at Adj P<0. 05 ) , other than in dry eye without diabetes group (AdjP≥0. 05). Nerve density of diabetes without dry eye group and diabetes with dry eye group was lower compared with healthy control group(all at P<0. 001),while no significant difference between dry eye without diabetes group and healthy control group(P≥0. 05). Among the effective parameters of tortuosity,L C,Cur mean,Seg L C mean and SCC mean of dry eye without diabetes group,diabetes without dry eye group,diabetes with dry eye group were higher compared with healthy control group ( all at P<0. 05 ) . Diagnostic tests of tortuosity related parameters all showed an area under curve (AUC) from 0. 5 to 0. 7. Conclusions L C and Cur mean can be used to analyze corneal nerve curvature more reliably. Compared with normal volunteers,patients of dry eye or diabetes show higher corneal subbasal nerve tortuosity.

Objective:To observe any effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (p-CREB) in the spinal dorsal horns of diabetics experiencing neuropathic pain.Methods:Eight rats were randomly selected from 30 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats as the normal group (N), and the remaining twenty-two rats were treated with a single high-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to establish a neuropathic pain model. The rats modeled successfully were randomly divided into a model group (M, n=8) and an EA group ( n=8). In the EA group, electroacupuncture was applied at the bilateral Hou san li and Kunlun acupoints starting on the 15th day after the STZ injection. The daily sessions lasted 30 minutes for 1 week. Body weight (BW), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were observed before the STZ injection and on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days afterward. The expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB in the dorsal horns of the rats′ spinal cords was detected using western blotting. The count of p-CREB-positive cells in the dorsal horns and their co-localization with neurons was detected using immunofluorescence. Results:In comparison with the N group, the average BW of the M group on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the STZ injection was significantly lower, while the average FBG was significantly higher. There was no significant difference between the M and N groups in the average PWL on the 7th day after the STZ injection, but it had decreased significantly in the M group on the 14th and 21st days. Compared with the M group, the average PWL of the EA group was significantly longer on the 21st day after the injection. The expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB protein in the spines of the M group was significantly higher than in the N group. p-CREB positive cells were more numerous in the M group compared with the N group, while in the EA group they were fewer. P-CREB was co-located with neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.Conclusion:EA can alleviate neuropathic pain effectively, perhaps by inhibiting the expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB in the dorsal horns of the spinal cord.