Objective To analyze the types and epidemiological characteristics of influenza virus in Xi'an during 2009 to 2017.Methods A total of 21 856 samples of throat swabs from patients with influenza like illness ( ILI) were collected from 5 national influenza sentinel surveillance hospitals from August 2009 to December 2017.Influenza virus nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and virus types were confirmed , chick-embryo cells or Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were used to isolate influenza virus.SPSS 18.0 software was used for data analysis.Results The positive detection rate of influenza virus was 16.19%(3 539/21 856), the seasonal influenza A virus subtypes including H1, H3, the new type H1and H7 accounted for 62.39%(2 208/3 539), influenza B virus subtypes including Victoria , Yamagata and unclassified type B accounted for 37.50%( 1 327/3 539), and the mixed influenza virus infection accounted for 0.11%(4/3 539).The positive rate of influenza virus detected in different years was significantly different ( χ2＝357.651, P ＜0.01).During January to March the major influenza A viruses accounted for 49.07%(947/1 930), influenza B viruses accounted for 50.93%(983/1 930); during October to December , the influenza A viruses accounted for 78.07%( 1 061/1 359 ), and influenza B viruses accounted for 21.93%( 298/1 359 ); there was significant difference in composition of type A virus and type B virus between different seasons ( χ2＝ 550.06, P＜0.05).The positive detection rate of influenza virus in patients with ILI of age groups 0-3 years,＞3-7 years,＞7-13 years,＞13-18 years,＞18-24 years,＞24-60 years and ＞60 years were 12.61%, 19.41%, 19.66%, 22.98%, 14.91%, 13.50% and 12.84%, respectively ( χ2＝202.52, P＜0.05).Conclusion Influenza A virus is common in Xi'an,winter and spring are the peak seasons for influenza epidemics.It is recommended for susceptible people to take influenza vaccination .

Objective To explore the application of quantitative EEG(QEEG)trends in the assessment of the state of brain function in patients with severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery and its predictive value for the risk of acute occlusion in the short term.Methods The clinical and imaging data of a case of severe left internal carotid stenosis were retrospectively analyzed,and QEEG trends were used for evaluating the state of brain function.Results It showed that rhythmicity spectrogram,amplitude-integrated EEG,fast Fourier transformation spectrogram and fast Fourier transform power spectrum in QEEG trends could quickly and visually display theta activity and amplitude at the side of severe internal carotid artery stenosis continued to increase compared with the healthy side hemisphere.Acute occlusion of the left internal carotid artery and large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction occurred in the patient after 3 days.Conclusion As a supplement to neuroimaging examination,QEEG trends may be helpful for rapidly diagnosing brain function damage in the early stage of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis who are under the ischemic attack state,and even have potential predictive values for patients with acute occlusion in the short term.

Objective:To elucidate the phenomenon that epileptic seizure occurs in patients with epilepsy without definite diagnosis when driving a motor vehicle and its hazards.Methods:From January 2020 to June 2022, 7 epileptic patients who experienced traffic accidents caused by seizures were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and their demographic data, traffic accident related data and epilepsy diagnosis and treatment data were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 7 adult patients with epilepsy were collected, including 6 males, 4 of whom had been driving for more than 10 years. Among them, 1 patient drove a bus, and the other 6 patients drove private cars. Totally 5/7 of the accidents resulted in personal injury, and 3/7 of the accidents resulted in personal death. In 5 patients, video electroencephalogram showed interictal epileptiform discharges. In 2 patients, the imaging findings suggested the presence of cerebral cortical lesions that may lead to seizures. In terms of the form of seizure, 3 patients′ seizure type was focal to bilateral tonic-clonic, and the other 4 patients were very probable to be focal impaired awareness seizure.Conclusions:Undiagnosed epileptic seizures lead to traffic accidents, endanger patients and public safety, which need to attract attention from both doctors and patients, as well as the whole society.