Objective To investigate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with motor relearning program on the recovery of upper limb motor function after stroke.Methods From September 2015 to June 2016,40 patients with first-ever stroke received rehabilitation therapy at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled prospectively.Their course of disease was 1 to 6 months.They were divided into either a combined treatment group or a control group according to the odd and even numbers in hospital (n =20 in each group).The patients of both groups received traditional rehabilitation training and motor relearning program for upper lindb recovery,2 times a day,once for 30 min,5 days a week for 6 weeks.The combined treatment group was also given transcranial direct current stimulation,2 times a day,once for 20 min,5 days a week,while the control group was only treated with sham stimulation treatment.The patients were assessed before treatment and at 6 weeks after treatment.Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scores and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were used to assess upper limb motor function.The modified Barthel index (MBI) was used to evaluate the activities of daily living.Results There was no significant difference in the observation indices before treatment between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Six weeks after treatment,the differences of the upper limb FMA score and ARAT score before treatment were superior to the control group,they were 13 ± 3,10 ± 3 and 10 ± 2,8 ± 2,respectively (t =3.503 and 3.244 respectively,all P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in the MBI score between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with motor relearning program may effectively improve the upper limb motor function in patients with stroke and promote the improvement of the activities of daily living.

Objective:To explore the stress change rule of craniofacial bone suture and the interface of bone-implant against differ-ent strength and direction of protraction on the implant anchorage in alveolar bone.Methods:The original DICOMdata of 2-D image of craniofacial complex were obtained by high resolution CT scanning.3-D finite element models of craniofacial complex were devel-oped according to the DICOMdata.Forces of 1 -1 0 N inclined at 0 -60°to Frankfort horizontal plane in the anterior and inferior di-rections were respectively applied on the implant anchorage in the alveolar bone at 32 23 .Data of principle stress and Von Mises Stress of each mode of each simulaton was caculated.Results:The change rule of the effectiveness of different force value of protrac-tion in the same direction was the same in different stress zone;that of the same force value of the protraction in differente direction differed in different stress zone.When the protraction angle was less than 30°,the maxillary complex will spin up.In the 30°,the maxillary complex showed the forward growth.Between 40°-50°,the growth direction was the same with the protraction direction. When the protraction angle was more than 50°,the maxillary complex showed down spin.Conclusion:Protraction force of 1 -1 0 N at 30°-50°to Frankfort horizontal plane on implant anchorage in the alveolar bone at 32 23 can induce maxillary complex grow for-ward.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common psychological disorders in stroke patients. PSD not only seriously affects patients' functional recovery, quality of life and ability to return to society,but also increases the recurrence rate and mortality of stroke. In recent years,some researchers have applied non-invasive brain stimulation(NIBS) technology to treat PSD,and achieved certain curative effect. The authors reviewed current research progress of noninvasive brain stimulation for the treatment of post-stroke depression.

Objective To observe the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on spasticity of biceps brachii after stroke. Methods 12 patients with spasticity of biceps brachii after stroke were divided into control group (n=6) and ESWT group (n=6). The ESWT group received a session of ESWT and the control group received placebo treatment. All patients were assessed before and immediately after treatment, including integrated electromyogram (iEMG) and co-contraction ratio during maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) of elbow extension with surface electromyography, the modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and content of shoulder and elbow of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Results The scores of MAS and FMA, the iEMG and the cocontraction ratio of biceps brachii improved in the ESWT group after the treatment (P<0.05), and improved more than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion ESWT can immediately relieve the spasticity of biceps brachii, inhibit the cocontraction of biceps brachii during elbow extension and improve the motor function of upper limb in patients post stroke.

BACKGROUND:In the orthodontic treatment, double wire technique is commonly used to correct the torque of anterior teeth;however, the underlying mechanical mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To study the torque capabilities of DamonQ system through the three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS:Three-dimensional finite element models of Damon Q brackets with different dimension arch wires were established and were grouped according to arch wire with different dimensions. The torque capabilities of Damon Q system with different dimensions and materials arch wire were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The Damon Q brackets with single or double wires had the same variation of torque, torque angle curve changes under the condition of different size and material arch wires. Torque moment increased gradually with increasing torque angle. Rectangular-round double wires produced larger torque moment compared with single rectangular wire, whereas double round wires produced smal er torque moment compared with single rectangular wire. The torque moment produced by rectangular-round double wires or by single rectangular wire was approximately 2-8 times or 1-5 times more than that by double round wires. The torque moment that rectangular-round double wires produced was larger than that single wire produced in the DamonQ system. In the early clinical practice, we can use double round wires to control root movement. In the middle-term of the treatment, we can use rectangular-round double wires to control root movement as the mild forces produced by them reduce root absorption. This study lays a foundation for the application of Damon Q bracket with double wire technology in the clinic.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality

Objective To investigate the effect of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS)on upper limb motor function in patients with stroke. Methods From July 2016 to February 2017,45 patients with first-ever stroke hemiplegia treated with rehabilitation at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were enrolled prospectively. Their course of disease was 1 -6 months. They were randomly divided into a 1. 0 mA group,a 2. 0 mA group,and a control group (n =15 in each group)according to the random number table. The 3 groups of patients received traditional rehabilitation training,2 times a day,once for 45 min,5 days a week for 2 weeks. On this basis,the 1. 0 mA group and 2. 0 mA group were treated with 1. 0 mA and 2. 0 mA ctDCS for two weeks,once a day,once for 20 min,5 days a week at the same time,while the control group was only treated with sham stimulation. The upper limb function was evaluated before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment. Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA)score and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT)were used to assess the upper limb motor function. The modified Barthel index (MBI)was used to evaluate the activities of daily living. Paired t test was used to compare before and after treatment in the groups. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare between the groups. Results (1)There were no significant differences in the upper limb FMA score, ARAT score,and MBI score before treatment among the three groups of patients (all P >0. 05). Two weeks after treatment,the upper limb FMA score,ARAT score,and MBI score of the patients in the 3 groups were significantly improved compared with those in the same groups before treatment. The differences in the 1. 0 mA group were 12 ±3,10 ±2,and 22 ±9,respectively,those in the 2. 0 mA group were 12 ±3,10 ±3, and 20 ±6,respectively,and those in the control group were 9 ±3,7 ±3,and 18 ±7,respectively in control group (all P <0. 01). (2)Two weeks after treatment,the upper limb FMA scores and ARAT scores in the 1. 0 mA group and 2. 0 mA group were superior to the control group (the FMA scores all P < 0. 01 and ARAT scores all P <0. 05),while there was no significant difference in scores between the 1. 0 mA group and 2. 0 mA group (P > 0. 05). The were no significant differences in the MBI scores among the three groups (P >0. 05). Conclusion Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation may have a trend of improving the upper limb motor function and promote the improvement of activity of daily living in patients with stroke,however,there was no significant difference in treatment effect of ctDCS intensity between the 1. 0 mA and 2. 0 mA treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and surgical treatment of penis lymphangioma.

METHODSClinical data of 13 cases of penis lymphangioma were analysed restrospectively.

RESULTSThe 13 cases, treated by radical lymphangiomaectomy, were followed up for 2 to 3 years, and none of them had recurrence. This therapy affected neither the penile appearance, nor the erectile function of the patients. So their sexual life remained intact.

CONCLUSIONRadical ectomy should be the first choice of treatment for penis lymphangioma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Lymphangioma ; surgery ; Male ; Penile Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To investigate any effect of combining mirror visual feedback (MVF) training with robot-assisted gait training (RGT) in promoting the recovery of lower limb motor function among stroke survivors.Methods:Sixty stroke survivors were randomly divided into a combined treatment group, an RGT group and a control group, each of 20. In addition to traditional rehabilitation, the RGT group received 30min of RGT 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while the combined treatment group underwent 30min of RGT and also 20min of MVF training with the same frequency and duration. Before and after the treatment, the lower extremities motor functioning and walking ability of all of the patients were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for the lower extremities (FMA-LE), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Functional Ambulation Categories (FAC).Results:There were no systematic differences in any of the measurements before the treatment. After the 4 weeks, however, the average FMA-LE, BBS and FAC scores of the combined treatment and RGT groups were significantly better than the control group′s averages, and those of the combined treatment group were significantly superior to the RGT group′s. All of the groups had, however, improved significantly compared with before the treatment.Conclusions:Robot-assisted gait training is more effective in enhancing the motor functioning of the lower extremities and walking ability when it is combined with MVF.

Recently, more and more researches use stem cells as seed cells. Three-dimensional culture and use of bioreactors can expand the scale of stem cells culture and increase the efficiency of culture, which can better simulate the microenvironment in vivo when combing cytokines, co-culture, biomaterials, or gene delivery to promote the directional tissue differentiation. In addition, in situ tissue regeneration technique can achieve tissue engineering in vivo for tissue repair and regeneration. This review elaborates advance of research in tissue engineering of stem cell in various aspects, and potential problems and challenges of tissue engineering of stem cell are discussed in depth.