Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes, which is one of the most important causes of death in diabetic patients. Because of its high efficiency and few adverse reactions, TCM has been widely studied and used in the treatment of DN, with unique advantages. The recent research showed that a variety of TCM polysaccharides have the effects of reduce blood sugar and protect kidney. This article reviewed the research on TCM polysaccharides on the prevention and treatment of DN, which can provide references for further study and application.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the related indexes with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and its clinical significance .Methods The medical records information in 236 patients with rheumatic fever caused cardiac were collected and divided into the RHD group ,simple rheumatic fever group and normal healthy control group .The levels of related indiexe such as Mb and cTnI were detected in the three groups .Results The Mb ,cTnI and CK‐MB and NT‐proBNP had statistical differences between the RHD group and simple rheumatic fever groups (P<0 .05);the levels of ESR ,RF ,CRP ,cTnI ,Mb ,CK‐MB ,CK and NT‐proBNP had statistically significant differences between the RHD group and healthy control group (P<0 .05);With the NT‐proB‐NP level of 136 .17 pg/mL as the critical value ,the sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of NT‐proBNP for diagnosing RHD were 95 .48% ,90 .15% ,86 .7% and 97 .86% respectively .Conclusion The levels of blood cTnI , Mb and CK‐MB in the patients with RHD are significantly higher than those in the normal controls ,so detecting the serum NT‐proBNP concentration is a sensitive indicator for early diagnosis of RHD .

GlyoxalaseⅠthat presents in all human tissues detoxifies α-oxoaldehydes and prevents the formation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs).AGEs and their main precursor namely methylglyoxal(MG)produce cytotoxicity and have extensive relationship with diabetic complications.Therefore,to elevate glyoxalaseⅠactivity may be a new path to release such complications.

Objective Serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been identified to be associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is often closely linked to obesity. However, few studies have examined the relationship between SUA levels and NAFLD in normal body mass index (BMI) people in whom NAFLD is noted not uncommon. We conducted this study to assess the association of SUA with NAFLD in Chinese normal-BMI people. Methods A total of 2 193 normal-BMI people (1 106 men and 1087 women) who participated in a health check-up were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. NAFLD was defined as a hepatic steatosis examined by liver ultrasonography in the absence of a second cause. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between SUA and NAFLD. Results Compared with people without NAFLD, those with NAFLD had significantly higher level of serum uric acid [males,(339.0±47.6)μmol/L vs.(309.3±53.5)μmol/L, t=3.296, P<0.01;female,(273.6±41.6)μmol/L vs. (243.9 ± 47.6)μmol/L, t=3.178, P<0.01]. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the quartile 3 and 4 of SUA in both sexes had a higher (P<0.05) odds ratio for the presence of NAFLD than the lowest quartile [males,odds ratio:2.508(1.255-3.374)and 3.383(2.058-5.490);females,odds ratio:2.186(1.090-4.384) and 2.420(1.214-4.821),respectively],after adjusting for age, body mass index, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, the liver-function test, metabolic components, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and smoking status.Conclusions Increased SUA level, even within the normal range, are independently associated with the presence of NAFLD among normal-BMI people.

Objective To explore and evaluate the advantages of anchor nail in the treatment of achilles tendon rupture.Methods The clinical data of 27 patients with fresh achilles tendon rupture who received the treatment of thread anchor nail from January 2007 to August 2010 was retrospectively analyzed.Among them,14 patients received Krackow method,7 patients received Lindholm method to repair achilles tendon,6 patients received anchor nail combined with Krackow suture technique repair of achilles tendon.Arner-Lindholm clinical evaluation criterion was used for objective evaluation.Results Twenty-seven patients got 1-36 ( 17.35 ± 5.70) months follow-up.According to the corresponding standard in the 14 cases using Krackow method,8 cases were excellent,2 cases were good,4 cases were bad,the excellent and good rate was 71.4％( 10/14);in the 7 cases using Lindholm method,5 cases were excellent,1 case was good,1 case was bad,the excellent and good rate was 85.7 (6/7) ; all of the 6 cases using anchor nail combined with Krackow suture technique repair of achilles tendon were excellent,the excellent and good rate was 100.0％(6/6).Postoperative incisions were primarily healing,joint range of motion were all right,without rigidity,gait were almost normal,without the secondary fracture of ligament.Conclusion Anchor nail combined with Krackow suture technique in the treatment of achilles tendon rupture has significant effect,it is worth to be popularized because of its preonunced effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of lipid-soluble and water-soluble extracts in Flos Sophorae Carbonisatus.

METHODThe compounds were isolated by means of solvent extraction and column chromatography, and their structures were determined by spectral analysis.

RESULTTwo compounds from petroleum ether extract and ten from n-BuOH extract were isolated and identified as sophoradiol (1), beta-sitosterol (2), 3 beta, 22 beta, 24-trihydroxy-olean-12-ene (soyasapogenol B) (3), daucosterol (4), kaikasaponin I (5), quercetin (6), isorhamnetin (7), 2-O-methyl-insitol (8), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (9), isoquercitrin (10), orobol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (11), rutin (12), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 3, 8-11 were isolated from Flos Sophorae Carbonisatus for the first time. The results could be basic foundation for further study on processing mechanism of Flos Sophorae Carbonisatus.

Objective: To investigate the effect of gross motor skills on physical activity of children aged 3-6 years, and to provide basis for children’s health behavior intervention. Methods: A total of 332 young children in Shanghai Xiangyin kindergarten were selected as survey objects. The development of gross movements of young children was measured by TGMD-2. Caregivers reported children’s physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Results: The development level of gross movements of children aged 3-6 in Shanghai was relatively low(54.76±13.86). The physical activity of children was mainly light-intensity physical activity, and the daily moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity time was (58.62±52.73) minutes every day. Locomotor skills had the greatest effect on children’s VPA (β=0.19) and TPA(β=0.12), with a contribution rate of 3.3% and 1.1%, respectively; Object control skills has the greatest effect on children’s MVPA (β=0.17) and MPA (β=0.12) had the largest effect(P<0.05), with contribution rates of 2.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The relationship between gross motor skills and physical activity had nothing to do with gender and age. Conclusion Children’s gross motor skills in the 3-6 year-old population should be improved and may be an effective way to promote physical activity.

Objective:To analyze the prognostic factors of vision of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody positive associated optic neuritis (ON) after methylprednisolone pulse therapy.Methods:A clinical observational study. A total of 32 patients (47 eyes) with MOG antibody positive ON were observed and followed up in the ophthalmology department of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and Beijing Puren Hospital from March 2019 to January 2022. Clinical data including the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and orbital magnetic resonance imaging were recorded. The BCVA was examined by Snellen visual acuity chart, which was finally converted into the logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) for statistical analysis. There were 22 case (38 eyes) with complete image data. All patients were treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) for 3-5 days. According to the intervention time (from onset to glucocorticoid treatment), the patients were divided into three groups: <7 d group, 7-14 d and> 14 d group, with 16, 13, 11 eyes, respectively. The median follow-up time was 28 months. After 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months treatment, the same equipment and methods were used for relevant examinations to observe the changes of visual acuity and the factors influencing the prognosis of visual acuity after IVMP treatment. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze the prognostic correlation factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the critical cut-off point of intervention timing.Results:Among the patients, 16 were male and 16 were female. The median onset age was 26 years. The onset duration time was 5-60 days. There were 18 cases (56.3%, 18/32) with abnormal serum immune indexes. The initial symptom was decreased vision with unilateral or bilateral ON. Seventeen (53.1%, 17/32) cases had unilateral ON and 15 (46.9%, 15/32) cases with bilateral ON. Thirty-six eyes (76.6%, 36/47) got optic disc edema, 37 eyes (78.7%, 37/47) accompanied by pain of ocular movement. The nadir logMAR BCVA was mean 1.69±0.13. Long T2WI signals with segmental thickening in the orbital segment of the optic nerve were obtained in 27 eyes (71.1%, 27/38) and in 24 eyes (63.2%, 24/38) with optic nerve and sheath enhancement. During the follow-up period, there were 10 cases of relapse (31.3%, 10/32). The logMAR BCVA of attacked eyes were 0.52±0.09, 0.22±0.06, 0.12±0.06, 0.10±0.06 at 1 week and 1, 3 and 6 months after IVMP treatment, respectively. The rate of BCVA improvement was the fastest at 1 week after treatment, and BCVA returned to stability at 3 months. Logistic regression analysis showed that the timing of intervention was significantly correlated with the prognosis of vision in primary onset patients (odds ratio=12.17, P=0.006), with a negative linear regression relationship ( r=-0.48, 95% confidence interval -0.71--0.17, P=0.008). Comparing the logMAR BCVA between the intervention time >14 group with the <7 group and the 7-14 group, there were statistically significant difference ( P=0.017, 0.037), respectively. The cut-off point of ROC curve to predict the optimal intervention time was 13.5 days. Other factors such as: gender, age, predisposing factor, pain of eye motion, edema of optic disc, bilateral ON, imaging changes, abnormal autoimmune indicators were not associated with the prognosis of visual acuity. Conclusion:The timing of hormone intervention in primary onset patients is an important factor affecting the prognosis of vision and the optimal intervention time window of IVMP is two weeks.

Objective Through factor analysis of the quantified syndrome information of 558 cases of kidney yang deficiency syndrome,the constructing feature of kidney yang deficiency syndrome was revealed,which provides clinical data support for the objectification,standardization and normalization of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome.Methods Firstly,the frequency analysis of symptoms,tongue and pulse signs of 558 patients with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was carried out,and then the main syndrome information of the patients with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was quantified.Finally,the common factors and their representative variables of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome were screened out through factor analysis,and the constructing feature of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome was analyzed combined with TCM syndrome knowledge.Results Eight common factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 60.483%.After the factor rotation,the representative variables with the absolute value of load coefficient greater than 0.45 in each common factor were selected.The representative variables of F1 are afraid of cold and fond of warmth(0.947)and intolerance to cold(0.932).The representative variables of F2 are waist pain(0.754),waist and knee weakness(0.720)and cold in waist and knees(0.466).The representative variables of F3 are depression(0.749),insomnia(0.711)and diarrhoea(0.470).The representative variables of F4 are thin fur(0.819)and white fur(0.768).The representative variable of F5 are tinnitus and deafness(0.687),frequent nocturnal urination(0.591)and decreased libido(0.587).The representative variables of F6 are pulse sinking(0.766)and pulse weakness(0.736).The representative variables of F7 is thready pulse(0.942).The representative variable of F8 is pale tongue(0.961).External syndrome of disease location involved in these common factors are waist,bone,brain,ear,anterior Yin,posterior Yin and reproductive function.The disease nature involved in these common factors is deficiency and cold.Conclusion The basic constituent units of kidney Yang deficiency syndrome include disease location syndrome elements and disease nature syndrome elements.The disease location is kidney,and the abnormal changes of kidney location are mainly external symptoms of waist,bone,brain,ear,anterior Yin,posterior Yin and reproductive function.Its disease nature is deficiency and cold.Yang deficiency leads to external cold.Yang Qi deficiency can not warm the body surface resulting in the appearance of external cold syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the stability of fat emulsions after the preparation of parenteral nutrient solution under different storage conditions.Methods:Standardized parenteral nutrient solution was used to prepare a total of 24 bags of nutrient solution with the same formula, except for that Group A (12 bags) contains 20% of medium and long chain fat emulsion (C6-24) while Group B contains 20% of C8-24. The preparations were stored under 2-8℃, 23-25℃, and 35-37℃ and were examined at 24h, 48h and 72h after preparation. The appearance, average size of fat particles, pH value of nutrient solution, and lipid peroxidation were investigated.Results:After storage at 4℃, 25℃ and 36℃ for 24h, 48h and 72h respectively, both groups of preparations showed no obvious change in appearance. There was no significant difference in pH ( P>0.05) nor lipid peroxidation ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Both kinds of fat emulsion are stable in terms of pH value, fat particle size and lipid peroxidation, and can be used for patients receiving intravenous nutrition support.