The prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children are increasing in developing countries, including Malaysia. The aim of this study was carried out the need assessment and to determine the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and physical activity among primary school children for the purpose of health education module development on childhood weight management among primary school children. This study was employed cross-sectional design with a probability of 202 school children aged ten years old. The result shows that majority of primary school children choose food that high in carbohydrate, sodium, and saturated fat. Thus, reflect to the lack of nutrition knowledge. Meanwhile, for the lowest choices were sugar intake and low-fat dairy product. The highest mean for nutritional attitude is primary school children chose to drink 100% fruit juice (mean=81 ± 0.97), and the lowest mean was eating wheat bread (mean=2.25 ± 1.16). The highest mean for sedentary activity was watching the television show during weekdays (mean 4.02 ± 1.17). The result shows the children need education on the nutritional fact in their food like carbohydrate, sodium and saturated fat, physical activity, and information to avoid a sedentary lifestyle.

Introduction: Health education is an essential part of controlling the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). This study evaluates the effects of one-on-one education programmes on the cardiovascular health index among patients with MI.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Malaysia. Data were collected from November 2014 to January 2015 with a total of 58 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The respondents received a 20-min one-on-one education programme regarding coronary heart disease, treatment and prevention, and healthy lifestyle. A questionnaire comprising demographic data was administered and the cardiovascular health index was measured before and after four weeks of the education programme. Data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: There were statistically significant decreases in the score of anxiety, stress, depression, body mass index, and smoking status (P < 0.001) between pre-test and post-test.Conclusion: The findings suggest that the one-on-one education programme could improve the cardiovascular health index of patients with MI. Furthermore, nurses need to develop and implement a standard education structure programme for patients with MI to improve health outcomes.

Menopause is a normal development in women’s lives. Having depressive symptoms during the menopausal transition can be managed, and in many health conditions, religiosity may play an important role in reducing the severity. The objective of this study was to determine menopausal, depressive symptoms and religiosity among women attending the Gynaecology Clinic in a Public Hospital. A cross-sectional study was done at Hospital Sungai Buloh involving 232 women aged 40-60 years from January 2020 to March 2020. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), the Centre for Epidemiology Studies-Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R), the Duke Religious Index (DUREL) and socio-demographic data were used as research tools in this study. The respondents were categorised as premenopausal (n=98, 42.2%), perimenopausal (n=81, 34.9%) and postmenopausal (n=53, 22.8%). The highest percentage of menopausal symptoms were muscle discomfort (56.5%), sleeping problems and lethargy (54.3%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 19.2%, and the results showed that unmarried women were more depressed compared to married women (p<0.05). The overall religiosity level of respondents was high (23.09±2.52). The logistic regression analysis showed that as urogenital problems arise, their depressive symptoms will also increase (p<0.05). Women who are transitioning to menopause should be assessed continuously for the severity of urogenital problems as it can impact their psychological and emotional well-being, and depressive symptoms should be assessed thoroughly especially among unmarried women.

Complications of pregnancy remain a serious threat in Sub-Saharan Africa despite efforts to minimise maternal mortality due to pregnancy complications, and achieve the Millennium Development Goal 5. This is a retrospective study to determine the most common pregnancy complications among adolescents compared to adults treated in a public hospital from 2015 to 2018. The researcher applied a convenience sampling method in selecting the medical records. The instrument used was adapted from previous studies and data were analysed with descriptive and chi-square test for the inferential statistics. A total of 1,265 patients met the eligibility criteria and 540 (42.7%) were adolescents. Low birth weight (n=478, 88.5%) and preterm delivery (n=496, 91.9%) were common among babies born to adolescent mothers. Pregnancy-related complications among adolescent mothers showing the prevalence of anaemia, hypertension, and malaria were 494 (84.9%), 149 (56.2%) and 193 (62.1%) respectively. Gestational diabetes was found to be high among adult mothers (n=98, 74.8%). Among adolescent mothers, the prevalence of eclampsia was 62 (78.5%) and hemorrhage 61 (53.0%). The prevalence of Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was high among adolescent mothers (n=252, 80.5%). Comprehensive strategies are needed to keep girls in schools and to raise awareness and develop campaigns about using contraception properly to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy as well as to minimise the incidence of pregnancy-related complications.

Introduction: The shifting of conventional to online learning is prominent in our millennial era. The online pedagogy is dynamic in creating knowledge and simultaneously engaging learners with experts beyond boundaries. Our study aims to determine the readiness of distance learners in embracing online learning and their perceived challenge in accomplishing their academic journey. Methods: We employed the quantitative study design with a cross-sectional survey and this study was conducted in a public university. The health sciences learners who are currently undertaking their distance learning program were recruited by convenience sampling (N=128). The Online Learning Readiness Scale (OLRS) was adopted with its internal consistency ranging from 0.77 to 0.95 for five dimensions of measure. Results: Our results indicate a high level of online learning readiness. In addition, the highest level of readiness in the dimension of computer/internet self-efficacy whereas the least level was the learners’ control. Sixty-eight percent of learners reported poor internet connectivity as the main challenge in online learning. Moreover, we found that gender, age, and the learners’ program were not the significant factors affecting learners’ online learning readiness (p>.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed a high extent of online learning readiness among distance learners that display constructive embracing of current educational technology. Nevertheless, considering the poor internet connection, communication infrastructure needs to be further developed to bridge the gap between millennial learners and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Introduction: Diabetic footcare programme is essential for type II Diabetes Mellitus patients to improve quality of life as well as to prevent diabetic foot complication. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetic footcare programme towards quality of life among type II Diabetes Mellitus patients in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), a tertiary centre. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design, done in the orthopedic ward and out-patient medical clinic for a period of 1 year . The participants received a structured footcare education titled as “Diabetes Footcare” and a pamphlet of footcare. The Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF) and Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL) Brief Clinical Inventory were used to assess the outcomes before and one month after the programme. Data was analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 37 participants was involved. Total score of foot care was improved between pre-test (M = 1.32, SD = .474) and post-test and (M = 1.94, SD = 0.229). There were four subscales in quality of life; satisfaction with treatment, impact of treatment, worry about future and social/vocational worry. The result showed there was a statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test of foot care (M = 1.94, SD = 0.229, p<0.001) and quality of life (M = 61.94, SD = 5.264, p<0.001). However, foot care was not associated with quality of life. Conclusion: The diabetic footcare programme improves the footcare behaviour and quality of life of type II DM patients.