In order to know the possibility of utilizing the sister chromatid exchanges as an index which could evaliiate the effect of organic solvents on Lhe health in industrial workers, the authors Studied the effects of the inductivity of sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocyces from 90 female workers espoxed to organic solvents .and 20 lion-exposed female workers. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral iympnocytes from 90 female workers exposed to organic solvents was significantly increased in comparison with 20 coatiol subiect. 2. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges was significantly Increased in the workers who were employed in the manufacture of plastic materials than the other manufactures. 3. There were no significant differences in the frequency of sister chrornatid exchanges by carriera of the exposed workers. 4. The correlation between the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and urinary hippuric acid was significant with the coefficient of 0.5902 showing Y=1.867X+15.188 in which Y indicate the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges per cell and X indicate the urinary hippuric acid concentration by g/l.
Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Plastics ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange* ; Solvents*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Diethylstilbestrol* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange*

In order to evaluate the genotoxic hazard among workers potentially exposed to low level petrochemical substances, the analyses of micronuclei (MN) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in lymphocytes were performed in 46 male workers (as exposed group) and 46 nonexposed subjects (as control group). Mean frequencies of MN and SCEs (respectively, 12.9/1000 cells and 6.5/cell) in exposed group were very significantly higher than those (10.2/1000 cells and 5.4/cell) in control group. And there were also significant differences in mean frequencies of MN and SCEs adjusted for age, employment duration, smoking, and drinking between two groups. Median frequencies of MN and SCEs in exposed group were very significantly higher than those in control group. Frequencies of SCEs were higher in smokers than in non-smoker. Frequencies of MN in smokers, however, were similiar to those of non-smoker. Interaction between exposure and smoking on MN and SCEs induction was not observed. The results suggest that there is genotoxic hazard in high risk group like workers handling carcinogens in petrochemical plants and the analyses of MN and SCEs are useful biomarkers for the exposure to hazard substances even at the level below the exposure limit.
Biological Markers ; Carcinogens ; Drinking ; Employment ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Smoke ; Smoking

BACKGROUND: Human cancel can be induced by various environmental factors such as virus, chemicals, and radiations. However, susceptibility of host to these environmental factors is not well studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chromosomal vulnerability to gamma-1rradiation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with luring, gastric, and liver cancer. METHODS: Micronuclei (MN) test was done in 15 patients with gastric cancer, 18 patients with lung cancer, and 20 normal controls. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test was done in 13 patients with hepatocellular cancer and 14 normal controls. RESULTS: The baseline frequency of MN before irradiation in patients with lung cancer and gastric cancel was significantly higher than in controls (47+/-8, 73+/-9, and 8+/-l, respectively; p<0.01). After gamma-irradiation, the frequency of MN was also significantly higher than in controls (223+/-19, 269+/-43, and 285+/-56, respectively; p<0.05). The frequency of SCE in Patients with hepatocellular cancer was significantly higher her than in controls (9.0+/-0.6, 4.3+/-0.7, respectively; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: From this preliminay data, we concluded that chromosomes of peripheyal blood lymphocytes in patients with various cancers were more vulnerable to gamma-irradiation as compared to normal controls.
Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymphocytes* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Stomach Neoplasms

Sister chromatid exchanges(SCEs) and cell cycle kinetics were proposed as a sensitive and quantitative assay for mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in short-term cultures of phytohemagglutinin(PHA)-stimulated human lymphocytes. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the relation between the cytotoxic effects and sister chromatid exchanges. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The frequency of SCEs per cell are 13.1+/-2.8 in the lower concentration of 6.25x10(-9) M and 75.8+/-8.2 in the highest concentration of 1.00+/-10(-7) M. Mitotic index is decreased in the higher concentration of mitomycin C. The result indicates that mitomycin C led to a dose dependent increase in SCE frequency, but decrease in mitotic index. 2) Chromosomal analysis was performed on metaphase cells that have divided one, two, and three or more times for cell cycle kinetics by fluorescence-plus-Giemsa(FPG) technique. According to the increased but the cells of third division are greatly decreased. 3) The frequency of SCEs per chromosome by chromocomal group are decreased gradually from A group to G group. But relationships between specific chromosomal group and SCEs frequency are not found.
Cell Cycle ; Chromatids ; Humans ; Humans* ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes ; Metaphase ; Mitomycin* ; Mitotic Index ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange*

Nickel is a carcinogen in nickel refinery workers. Few chromosome studies have been performed on nickel toxicity. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate cytogenetic toxicity of nickel in human cultured lymphocytes by chromosome aberration, and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) which is a sensitive indicator of carcinogen and mutagen. The results indicate that nickel chloride and nickel sulfate led to a increase in SCE frequencies very significantly, although absolute value of SCE was low. In chromosome aberration, chromosome gap was increased to increment of concentration while chromosome break was not.
Chromosome Aberrations* ; Chromosome Breakage ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; Humans* ; Lymphocytes* ; Nickel* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange*

The authors examined the induntivity of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral lum-phocytes on the personnel working in the operating room and analyzed the factors associated with it to obtain data for their monitoring health status. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Average inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes of operating room perssonnel exposed to anesthetic gases was 7.85 per cell; it was significantly higher than in those who were not exposed (p< 0.05). 2) The inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes by age group and exposure duration was not statically significant (p<0.05). 3) The inductivity of SCE in the subjects with a smoking habit was significantly higher than those without a smoking habit (p<0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in the inductivity of SCE between the subjects with a drinking habit and those without it (p>0.05). 5) It is possible that the high inductivity of SCE in operating room personnel who both with drink and smoke was due to more the influence of their smoking than their drinking.
Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Drinking ; Gases* ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Operating Rooms* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange* ; Smoke ; Smoking

The author studied the frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral Iymphocytes from 51 chromium exposed workers and 29 controls in order to examine the inductivity of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes of chromium exposed workers, from June 1989 to March 1990. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Mean frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes were 9.33+/-2.57 from chromium exposed workers and 7.59+/-0.81 from control, respectively, and the former was significantly higher than the latter (p<0.01) . 2. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by duration of employment from chromium exposed workers was increased in proportion to that, but there was no statistical significance. 3. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by chromium concentration in blood and urine of chromium exposed workers were not significantly increased. 4. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by levels of alcohol consumption in chromium exposed workers was inclined to increase in proportion to that. 5. The frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes by number of cigarettes smoked was significantly increased in proportion to that in both chromium exposed workers and controls (p<0.05) . 6. In drinkers of chromium exposed workers, the frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges of cultured peripheral lymphocytes in smokers was higher than non-smokers, but there was no statistical significance.
Alcohol Drinking ; Chromium ; Employment ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange* ; Smoke ; Tobacco Products

Chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in lymphocytes of peropheral blood as an indicator which could evaluate the effects of mutagenicity after in human exposure to mixed-organic solvents were measured. This study was conducted using 33 shoe making workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents and 33 unexposed control. The results were as follows. 1. The mean air concentrations of n-hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate in working environment were 9.8-14.8, 31.7-45.4 and 4.4-7.6 ppm, respectively. 2. The frequencies of chromosome aberration in exposed workers to mixed-organic solvents and the unexposed were 1.12+/-1.24, 0.36+/-0.70, respectively and their differences were statistically significant (p<0.01). However, the SCE frequencies were not statistically significant between the both groups. 3. The frequencies of chromosome aberration and SCE were no statistically differences by sex, smoking and drinking.
Chromosome Aberrations* ; Drinking ; Education* ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Occupations ; Shoes ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Solvents* ; Toluene