Objective To analyze the 5-year survival rate,causes of death and prognostic indicators of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 243 newly diagnosed SLE patients who Were admitted into our hospital from 1998 to 2005.The clinical features and serologic data were studied.Survival rate of SLE patients over time was studied by the Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic indicators of mortality were studied by Cox proportional hazards models.Results The 1-,3- and 5-yr survival rate was 96%,94% and 91%,respectively.Renal failure and infection were the main causes of death,followed by lupus encephalotmthy and pulmonary hypertension.Cox regression analysis revealed that lupus nephritis and lupus encephalopathy at the diagnosis were independent risk determinants for mortality.However,age,sex,low C3 level,positive anti-dsDNA antibody,hematological abnormalities,lupus lung involvement and heart damages at diagnosis and immunosuppressant treatment had no strong association with survival.Conclusion Early diagnosis,control of SLE organ damage and infection prevention are critical to improve survival of SLE patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg3 combined with TRAIL on the apoptosis of lung cancer H358 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods: After the completion of cell culture, H538 cells were treated with TRAIL (0, 50, 100, 200 ng/ ml ) or Rg3 (0, 25, 50, 100 μmol/L) for 48 h, and the cells were grouped according to different treatments, namely control group, 50 μmol/LRg3 group, 100 ng/ml TRAILgroup and 50 μmol/LRg3+100 ng/ml TRAILgroup. The effects of Rg3 and/or TRAILon the proliferation of H358 cells were detected by MTT assay. The effects of Rg3 and/or TRAIL on the morphological changes of H358 cells were observed by DAPI staining. Theapoptosis of H358 cells in each group was detected by flow cytometry. The effects of Rg3 and/or TRAIL on the expressions of death receptor 5 (DR5) and caspase-8 in H358 cells were detected by WB. Results: Compared with the other groups, the proliferation of lung cancer H358 cells was significantly inhibited, while the apoptosis was significantly elevated in the 50 μmol/LRg3+100 ng/ml TRAILgroup (P<0.05).After color developing, cells in 50 μmol/LRg3+100 ng/ml TRAILgroup had nuclear shrinkage, chromatin condensation, increased fluorescence intensity, and late morphological changes such as saturation fragmentation. Compared with the other groups, the expression levels of DR5 and caspase-3 ,8 in the cells of 50 μmol/L Rg3+100 ng/ml TRAIL group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rg3 combined with TRAIL can synergistically inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of lung cancer H358 cells. The mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of DR5 and caspase-8 by ginsenoside Rg3.

Objective To investigate the relation between anormalities of fetal abdominal great vessels and heterotaxy, the clinical significance of screening fetal heterotaxy by the abnormalities of fetal abdominal great vessels. Methods 6532 fetuses from our hospital were scanned and the fetuses with abdominal great vessels abnormalities were included. Parameters of fetal growth, abdominal great vessels and anatomical survey were detected. Results Forty-five cases (0.7%) of fetal abdominal great vessels abnormalities were detected prenatally. Forty-two cases were confirmed postnatally, including 35 cases of heterotaxy syndrome and 7 cases of situs inversus totalis and 3 cases missed. The incidences of the abnormal fetus,heterotaxy syndrome and situs inversus totalis of the fetuses with abnormal abdominal great vessels were higher than that of the fetuses with normal abdominal great vessels, the differences were statistically significant( P＜ 0.001). The incidence of both type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ of the heterotaxy syndrome were significantly higher than that of type Ⅳ (P＜0.001). There was a high incidence of left isomerism in abnormal type Ⅰ and of right isomerism in abnormal type Ⅱ , the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.001). Conclusions Abnormal great vessels abnormalities have strong relations to heterotaxy and situs inversus which can be used as effective and simple indicator in screening heterotaxy syndrome.

To determine the relevance between MDCT features and anatomic-pathological basis of lymphoid neoplasm in cervico-thoracic junctional region, we performed a retrospective analysis of 69 patients with lymphoid neoplasm (lymphoma: 41 patients; metastatic tumor: 28 patients) involving the cervico-thoracic junctional region for MDCT features and distribution of lesions. The relevance between MDCT features and the anatomic-pathological basis in this region were evaluated. Among all the 41 patients with lymphoma, 29 with NHL (70.7%), 12 with HD (29.3%). The lymphomatous lymphadenopathy mainly located in superficial lateral cervix (51.2%, 21/41) ,deep jugular chain (65.9%, 27/41), supraclavicular fossa (75.6%, 31/41), paratrachea space in anterior mediastinum (46.3%, 19/41), around aortic arch (56.1%, 23/41), aortopulmonary window (53.7%, 22/41), upper anterior mediastinum (41.5%, 17/41), subcarinal space (26.8%, 11/41) and paraesophageal space (17.1%, 7/41). 28 patients had metastatic lymphoid tumor. The primary tumor were nasopharynx tumor (5 patients), thyroid cancer (7 patients), lung cancer (10 patients), and esophageal cancer (6 patients). Most metastasis took stage by stage in the way of lymphatic return, but a minority of cases migrated jumpily. The main metastatic sites were: beside jugular chain (82.1%), supraclavicular fossa (75%), paratracheal in anterior mediastinum (60.7%), upper anterior mediastinum (64.3%), beside aortic arch (35.7%), aortopulmonary window (39.2%), and paraesophageal space (28.6%). So lymphoid neoplasms in cervico-thoracic junctional region were involving both lower cervix and upper thorax simultaneously. The MDCT features and main distribution of lesions correlated with the anatomic-pathological characteristics in this region.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Neck ; Thorax ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the effect of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) on neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and its underlying mechanism.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a sham spared nerve injury (SNI) group,an SNI group and an SNI+EA group,each of 8.The rats in the SNI and SNI+EA groups were given SNI surgery,while those of the sham-SNI group only had the sciatic nerve and its branches exposed without any lesion.EA at 2 Hz was applied over the ipsilateral Zusanli and Kunlun acupoints daily for 14 days after the surgery.The ipsilateral paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was measured,along with protein kinase A (PKA) levels in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord,calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) levels along with transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1).Results Compared to the normal group,the SNI groups all showed significant decreases in their PWTs on the affected side and significant increases in PKA,TRPV1,CGRP and substance P on the affected side.Compared to SNI group,the average ipsilateral PWT in the SNI+EA group increased significantly after EA treatment,while PKA levels,TRPV1,CGRP levels and SP expression all decreased significantly.Conclusion Electroacupuncture at low frequency can effectively relieve neuropathic pain,perhaps through down-regulation of PKA in the spinal cord and by decreasing pain hypersensitivity related to CGRP and SP.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and pattern of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in Shanghai through a community-based survey. Methods A cluster sampling survey was done among the residents in Beixinjing Community, Changning District, Shanghai. All the subjects were asked to fill a questionnaire to provide their general information, including sex, age, native place, physical status, life habit, family history, etc. The diagnosis of AGA was made by dermatologists. To determine the pattern of hair loss,Norwood-Hamilton classification system and Ludwig classification system were used for male AGA and female AGA, respectively. All the data were statistically analyzed by EpiData and SPSS11.5 software. Results Totally, 7056 subjects completed the questionnaire, including 3519 males and 3537 females, and the response rate was 72.5%. AGA was diagnosed in 809 patients, consisting of 701 males aging from 19 to 91 years (mean 64.16±11.9 years) and 108 females aging from 35 to 91 years (mean 70.46±18.89 years). The standardized prevalence (SP) was 9.47% in total, 15.73% in males and 2.73% in females; the difference was significant between males and females (χ2=356.00, P<0.001). A family history of AGA was observed in 52.7% of all subjects including 391 (55.78%) males and 35 (32.41%) females. Type Ⅲ vertex involvement was the most common type in men aging from 20 to 70 years old, and type Ⅵ in those over 70 years old. Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ predominated in female AGA. Conclusions The results of this survey indicate that the prevalence of AGA is remarkably higher in men than that in women. Furthermore, the prevalence is steadily increased with advancing age in Shanghai.

We report 3 cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in which the patients had successful pregnancy after repeated implantation failure in at least 8 in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. The patients were treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol and gonadotropin-releasing hormone angonist (GnRHa) for triggering ovulation, and successful pregnancy and normal deliveries were achieved after 9 IVT-ET cycles. For young patients with PCOS but a good ovarian reserve and a high ovarian response, treatment with GnRH antagonist protocol and GnRHa alone with appropriate management of the factors that may affect implantation can prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.
Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Gonadotropins ; Hormone Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ; Ovulation ; Ovulation Induction ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome

Objective To investigate the polymorphisms of human cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ) UL146 gene in asymptomatic children. Methods Urine samples were collected from 47 asymptomatic chil-dren who were positive for HCMV DNA. PCR was performed to amplify the open reading frame ( ORF) of UL146 gene. Positive bands were sequenced and variations in UL146 gene were analyzed by using bioinfor-matics software. Results Seventeen samples were successfully amplified and sequenced. Variations spread all over the sequence of UL146 gene and the variability in nucleotide and amino acid sequences ranged from 0％ to 42. 5％ and 0％ to 67. 7％ respectively. Compared with the Towne strain, there was diversity in sig-nal sequence and C-terminal region. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that UL146 in the 17 asymptomatic chil-dren belonged to four genotypes, which were G1, G8, G9 and G11. Forms of post-translational modification varied greatly among the four genotypes, while the important functional region of ELRCXC chemokine was highly conservative. Secondary structure prediction showed that random-coli conformation was the predomi-nant structure of active proteins. Isoelectric point ( PI) and molecular weight ( MW) were dissimilar among the four genotypes. Conclusion HCMV UL146 gene in asymptomatic children was hypervariable in both nucleotide sequence and amino acid structure. However, the important functional region was highly con-served. The predominant genotypes of UL146 in these children were G1, G8, G9 and G11, and the geno-type distribution in them showed no significant difference with previous findings in children with symptomatic HCMV infection.

Learning objective clarity is very important for college students' classroom learning . Health assessment course as one of the compulsory course of nursing teaching, is the basis of nursing students' learn nursing profession, therefore to explore the related factors of health assessment course learning objec-tives has its practical significance. Under the guidance of the concept of the reform of the teaching system, the SIMPP analysis of the students learning objective in the college nursing students in health assessment course has been carried out. Results show that among college nursing students, three kinds of students' learning goals are very clear, four kinds of students' learning goals are clear, and two kinds of students' learning goals are unclear. The related factors influencing the nursing students' learning goal mainly are the student personal subjective factors. Teachers should pay attention to the observation of the students' study status in health assessment course, understand the student individual situation, control the clear degree of learning goals among students and do the ideological work of students at the beginning of the course to im-prove the students' clear degree of learning goals.

This study aimed to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of the Wuhan lockdown measure on controlling the spread of coronavirus diesase 2019 (COVID-19). : Firstly，estimate the daily new infection rate in Wuhan before January 23，2020 when the city went into lockdown by consulting the data of Wuhan population mobility and the number of cases imported from Wuhan in 217 cities of Mainland China. Then estimate what the daily new infection rate would have been in Wuhan from January 24 to January 30th if the lockdown measure had been delayed for 7 days，assuming that the daily new infection in Wuhan after January 23 increased in a high，moderate and low trend respectively (using exponential, linear and logarithm growth models). Based on that，calculate the number of infection cases imported from Wuhan during this period. Finally，predict the possible impact of 7-day delayed lockdown in Wuhan on the epidemic situation in China using the susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed (SEIR) model. : The daily new infection rate in Wuhan was estimated to be 0.021%，0.026%，0.029%，0.033% and 0.070% respectively from January 19 to January 23. And there were at least 20 066 infection cases in Wuhan by January 23，2020. If Wuhan lockdown measure had been delayed for 7 days，the daily new infection rate on January 30 would have been 0.335% in the exponential growth model，0.129% in the linear growth model，and 0.070% in the logarithm growth model. Correspondingly，there would have been 32 075，24 819 and 20 334 infection cases travelling from Wuhan to other areas of Mainland China，and the number of cumulative confirmed cases as of March 19 in Mainland China would have been 3.3-3.9 times of the officially reported number. Conclusions: Timely taking city-level lockdown measure in Wuhan in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak is essential in containing the spread of the disease in China.
COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities ; Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2