Objective:To explore the application of the 4R problem analysis method combined with reverse teaching in nursing teaching in the pediatric operating room.Methods:In this study, 480 nursing students who were assigned to the operating room of Hunan Children's Hospital for internship from August 2020 to August 2022 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into control group and observation group in order of admission, with 240 students in each group. The control group received traditional teaching, while the observation group received the 4R problem analysis method combined with reverse teaching. At the end of the internship, the two groups were compared for comprehensive ability assessment scores, recognition of nursing teaching, and degree of satisfaction with the teaching. The t-test and χ2 test were performed using SPSS 22.0. Results:The scores of theoretical knowledge, basic nursing skills, specialized nursing skills in the operating room, and comprehensive nursing skill assessment of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). The recognition of nursing teaching among the nursing interns in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with the teaching between the two groups of nursing interns ( χ2=118.35, P<0.001). Conclusions:The 4R problem analysis method combined with reverse teaching can effectively improve the nursing teaching quality and the degree of satisfaction with the teaching among nursing interns in the pediatric operating room, enabling them to better grasp theoretical and practical skills.