OBJECTIVE:To train the students’ability about true-and-false identification of pini pollen,typhae pollen and Lygo-dium japonicum. METHODS:Teachers firstly used flexible and diversifided teaching methods to train the learning interest of stu-dents,and then picture antithesis,classroom presentation and other methods were used to teach the distinctive features between the true and false traditional Chinese medicine in the characters of identification. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:There were obvious dif-ference among the colors,physicochmical poperties,microscopic characteristics and other aspects of 3 traditional Chinese medi-cines. According to the teaching,the students could not only distinguish the 3 traditional Chinese medicines accurately, but also could identify the true-and-false of them. picture antithesis and classroom presentation method are simple and vivid, and can be used for the training of students’ability about true-and-false identification.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and environmental e-cigarette exposure among residents living in Guangzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for the development of the e-cigarette control policy. Methods: Permanent university students living in Guangzhou City were recruited as investigators from July to October 2021, and the permanent adult residents in communities where the university students lived were randomly selected as participants. Subjects' demographic features, e-cigarette use, passive viewing of e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertising were collected using both online and offline questionnaire surveys, and the association of e-cigarette use with passive viewing of e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertising were examined using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 948 questionnaires were allocated, and 874 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 92.19%. The respondents had a mean age of ( 34.96±13.76 ) years. There were 420 men ( 48.05% ), and 426 married residents ( 48.80% ). The prevalence of e-cigarette use was 14.99%, and the rate of e-cigarette use was 23.81% in men and 6.83% in women. In addition, 27.27% of respondents at ages of 35 to 44 years used e-cigarette, 479 respondents viewed e-cigarette advertising ( 54.81% ) and 510 respondents had at least once passive viewing of e-cigarette use ( 58.35% ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a higher frequency of exposure to e-cigarette advertising ( OR: 3.064-5.784, 95%CI: 1.683-12.620 ) and a higher frequency of passive viewing of e-cigarette use ( OR: 2.182-2.349, 95%CI: 1.094-4.526 ) led to a higher rate of e-cigarette use. Conclusions E-cigarette use is affected by passive viewing of e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertising among community residents in Guangzhou City. Supervision and restriction is recommended for e-cigarette advertising, marketing, and use in public places.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors related to sharp injuries of medical staff and explore the standardized occupational safety management model. METHODS According to the recent 4-year registration of 66 cases of medical staff suffered from exposure to sources of blood-transmitted diseases because of sharp injury,a retrospective investigation was taken and the relevant factors were analyzed. RESULTS Operating room and transfusion room had a high incidence of sharp injury,36.4% and 9.1%,respectively. It occurred frequently in treatment of the morning hours (45.5%). As lack of occupational safety prevention and awareness of the standardized preventive measures,there was a high incidence in lower stage clinical medical staff and interns (60.6%). CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to pay attention to the occupational safety standardized management of sharp injuries for medical staff in order to promote medical professional safety.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between different Framinghan vascular risk factor and cognitive impairment in the middle-aged and elderly.methods 71 participants from Physical Examination Center,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were consecutively recruited from March 2016 to May 2016.Framingham Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile (FCVDRP),Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) and Framingham Coronary Heart Disease Risk Profile (FCHDRP) were respectively used to evaluate the vascular burden of the participants.Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and digital sign conversion test (DST) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of the participants.Partial correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between FCVDRP,FSRP and FCHDRP scoring methods and cognitive function.Result s(1)After adjusting for education years,with the increase of vascular burden scores,the scores of MMSE (FCVDRP:low-risk group (28.29±1.38),mid-risk group(27.40±1.73),high-risk group (26.72±1.93);FSRP:low-risk group (28.00±1.60),mid-risk group (26.26±2.46),high-risk group (27.2±2.04);FCHDRP:low-risk group (27.74±1.73),mid-risk group (27.46±2.00),high-risk group (27.18±1.59)) and DST (FCVDRP:low-risk group (29.24±5.54),mid-risk group (27.40±1.73),high-risk group (26.72±6.76);FSRP:low-risk group (30.09±5.61),mid-risk group (25.11±7.55),high-risk group (23.53±5.60);FCHDRP:low-risk group (30.37±6.41),mid-risk group (25.46±6.76),high-risk group (26.82±5.99)) were significantly decreased(all P<0.05).(2)The Result s of partial correlations analysis showed that the scores of FSRP were significantly correlated with MMSE (r=-0.249) and DST (r=-0.291)(both P<0.05).Conclusion Aggregation of vascular risks factors may aggravate cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly people.Compared to FCVDRP and FCHDRP,FSRP assessment may be more significantly associated with vascular cognitive impairment.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of combined electroacupuncture and nerve growth factor (NGF) injection at acupoints in the treatment of common fibular nerve paralysis and provide evidences for integrative Chinese & western medicine against diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: Forty subjects were randomized into two groups and NGF injection; and control group was given herbal suffocation, oral Dibazol and compound vitamin B and Mecobalamin Injection. The clinical symptoms and nerve conduction velocity were observed and compared. Results: The cure rate was higher in treatment group than in control group (P<0.05); after treatment, the nerve conduction velocity was improved in both groups (P<0.01), with a significant improvement in treatment group than in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Combined electro-acupuncture and NGF injection at acupoints is quite effective in the treatment of common fibular nerve paralysis.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the high risk factors of intraoperative stress injury in children with posterior spinal scoliosis and to construct a corresponding risk prediction model.Methods A total of 237 cases of orthopaedic surgery for posterior scoliosis performed in three first-class hospitals in Changsha City from October 2021 to February 2023.The patients were divided into injury group(31 cases)and uninjured group(206 cases)according to whether stress injury occurred.The risk factors were screened by single factor analysis and multiple Logistic regression analysis,and the corresponding risk prediction model was constructed.Results The results of single factor analysis showed that constitutional index,preoperative skin condition,preoperative hypoproteinemia,preoperative anemia,operative time,intraoperative body temperature and intraoperative bleeding were related to the occurrence of vascular crisis.BMI,preoperative skin condition,preoperative hypoproteinemia,operative time and intraoperative bleeding are high risk factors for the occurrence of intraoperative stress injury in children with posterior scoliosis.The area under ROC curve is 0.612,the sensitivity is 89.7％,and the specificity is 91.0％,indicating that this model has good risk prediction ability.Conclusion BMI,preoperative skin condition,preoperative hypoproteinemia,operative time and intraoperative bleeding are high risk factors for the occurrence of intraoperative stress injury in children with posterior scoliosis.

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of pressure injury in infants undergoing operation and analyze the risk factors of pressure injury.Methods:Using the retrospective analysis method, a total of 657 infants and young children who were admitted to Department of Anesthesia Surgery and underwent operation in Hunan Children's Hospital from July 2018 to June 2021 were selected as research objects. According to National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) , infants and young children undergoing operation were evaluated. They were divided into the pressure injury group ( n=15) and the no pressure injury group ( n=643) according to the occurrence of pressure injury. The age of infants and young children, operation time, body temperature of 30 minutes after operation, fasting time, body mass index (BMI) , operation position, pressure injury time, pressure injury location, pressure injury classification and operation type were collected. The occurrence of postoperative pressure injury was investigated and the related factors were analyzed. Results:Among the 657 infants and young children undergoing operation, 21 cases had pressure injury. Logistic regression analysis showed that the operation duration was≥3 h ( OR=4.362, 95% CI: 3.322-5.728) , the body temperature of 30 minues after surgery was lower than 34.0℃ ( OR=1.066, 95% CI: 1.009-1.127) and BMI greater than 17.9 kg/m 2 ( OR=2.683, 95% CI: 1.133-6.356) were risk factors for pressure injury in infants undergoing surgery ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of pressure injury in infants and young children undergoing operation is relatively high. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on evaluating the influencing factors of pressure injury in the perioperative period and implement effective preventive measures to reduce the incidence of pressure injury as much as possible.

Improving the sense of belonging of the elderly in nursing institutions is of great significance to enhance their sense of self-worth and self-identity,and further meet the spiritual needs of the elderly in nursing institutions.This paper reviewed the concept,current situation,evaluation tools and influencing factors of the elderly's sense of belonging in nursing institutions,and proposes that there is a lack of tools to measure the sense of belonging of the elderly in nursing institutions,and the intervention strategies with caregivers as the core needs to be further explored.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of systolic dysfunction early complicated in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury (iTBI) and to evaluate the influence of complicated systolic dysfunction on the prognosis of iTBI patients.Methods:From January 2017 to October 2018, 123 patients with moderate or severe iTBI admitted to Trauma Centre in our hospital were included in the study, and patients with previous cardiovascular diseases were excluded. Left ventricular systolic function was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography within 24 h after admission. The patients were divided into normal systolic function group ( n=100) and systolic dysfunction group ( n=23) according to the results of echocardiography. Data were collected from all patients on admission, including GCS score, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), clinical treatment variables (use of sedative drugs, vasoactive drugs, etc.), craniotomy or not and clinical outcomes (survival or death) during hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors for iTBI patients complicated with systolic dysfunction, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of each index for iTBI patients complicated with cardiac insufficiency. Results:The systolic blood pressure (147.3±23.3) mmHg, the heart rate (96.1±26.3) beats/min and the hs-cTnT level (16.48±8.17) pg/mL in the systolic dysfunction group were higher than those in the normal systolic function group on admission (all P<0.05); and the GCS score in the systolic dysfunction group was lower than that in the normal systolic function group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the heart rate ( OR=1.129, 95% CI: 1.001-1.516; P=0.038), the GCS score ( OR=0.640, 95% CI: 0.445-0.920; P=0.016) and the hs-cTnT level ( OR=1.054, 95% CI: 1.009-1.101; P=0.002) on admission were independent risk factors for iTBI patients complicated with systolic dysfunction. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the hs-cTnT levelon admission was the largest (AUC=0.863, P<0.01). The in-hospital mortality of patients in the systolic dysfunction group was higher than that of patients in the normal systolic function group (52.5% vs 22%, P=0.004). Conclusions:The heart rate, the GCS score and the serum hs-cTnT level on admission were independent risk factors for iTBI patients complicated with systolic dysfunction. The hs-cTnT level could better predict the occurrence of cardiac systolic dysfuncion, and higher in-hospital mortality was found in iTBI patients complicated with systolic dysfunction. Therefore, early detection and timely intervention may improve the prognosis of these patients.