Objective To analysis newborn stage and long-term physiological and neuropsychological development in children born after assisted reproductive technology(ART),and to evaluate the safety of ART.Methods Eighty-four 6-month-old to 6-year-old children born after ART performed from January 1st,2006 to June 30th,2011 in Reproduction Center of Fuzhou General Hospital were taken as ART group; and 84 matched children born after spontaneous conception were as control group.The physiological and neuropsychological states of these children in their newborn stage and 6-month-old to 6-year-old duration were compared with Chi-square or t test.Results There was no statistical difference in childbearing age of mothers,the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypcrtensive disorder complicating pregnancy,delivery mode,living environment,parents' education level,newborn birth length,birth weight,the rate of premature birth,low birth weight,asphyxia and hospitalized to neonatal intensive care unit between two groups (P＞0.05).In ART group,the incidence of growth retardation and abnormal social life skills was 6.0 ％ (5/84) and 1.2 ％ (1/84),and no statistical difference were found comparing with control guoup [4.8％(4/84) and 1.2％(1/84),x2 =0.12 and 0.00,P＞0.05],neither the developmental quotient (95.9±6.1 vs 94.8±5.1,t=1.25,P=0.21).Twins had higher rates of preterm birth [41.8％ (33/79) vs 10.1％(9/89),x2 =22.37,OR=6.38,95％CI:2.81-14.50,P=0.00],low birth weight [51.9％(41/79) vs 6.7％(6/89),x2=42.35,OR=14.93,95％ CI:5.84-38.16,P=0.00],asphyxia [10.1 ％ (8/79) vs 1.1 ％(1/89),x2 =6.69,OR=9.92,95％ CI:1.21～81.15,P=0.01],hospitalized to neonatal intensive care unit [36.7 ％ (29/79) vs 14.6 ％ (13/89),x2 =10.90,OR =3.39,95％CI:1.61-7.14,P=0.00] and growth retardation [11.4％(9/79) vs 0.0％(0/89),x2=10.71,RR=0.11,P=0.00] than singleton.Conclusions ART has no negative effects on children's physical and neuropsychological development.It could increase the incidence of twins,so that it might increase the incidences of preterm labor and low birth weight,which might affect the long-term physical and neuropsychological development of the offspring.

IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a common systemic small-sized vessel vasculitis.It's characterized by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura,arthralgia/arthritis,bowel angina,and nephritis,but some details of etiology and pathogenesis is not very clear.The disease course is usually benign and self-limited,however,it is necessary to discuss the therapy of severe or chronic cases,especially there is not enough evidence-based basis for using key drugs to IgAV.Excellent clinical trails is expected to establish scientific system of prediction and evaluation of disease course,which will be helpful to individualize treatment of IgAV.

Studies have indicated approximate 50% cases of coronary heart disease are closely associat-ed with genetic factors and it. It is well evidenced that lipid abnormality is the important risk factors of coronary heart disease. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms that influence levels of blood lipids were found and con-firmed in recent years. The article summarized the single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the level of lipid.

Objective To investigate the coronary arterial lesions (CAL) in Kawasaki disease (KD) in Jilin Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 1999 through 2012 and evaluate the influence of glucocorticoids (GCs) on prognosis.Methods We performed a retrospective study among patients of KD in Jilin Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 1999 to 2012,in order to observe CAL in KD,the incidence of sequelae and the influence of CGs on disease outcome.Comparison between groups was carried out by Chi-square test.Results Eight hundred and ten KD cases were reported from 32 hospitals and 787 patients accepted an Echo examination,as the main objective of this study.Fivehundred and forty were boys and 247 were girls,with the male to female ratio of 2.19:1,of which 498 cases (63.3％) had CAL.Most CAL occurred in patients at 58 day to 14 year old (2.7±2.4).The most common abnormality was CAL including dilatation (49.5％) and stenosis (13.4％).Compared incomplete to complete KD,the result showed that the occurrence of CAL was similar between these two groups,no significant differences could be found between different gender.Nineteen (2.4％) of them had cardiac sequelae and the male/female ratio was 3.67:1.The younger the age,the higher the incidence of cardiac sequelae.The most frequent cardiac sequelae was coronary artery dilatation.GCs therapy could increase the occurrence of CAL [80.2％(97/121) vs 62.6％ (419/666),x2=8.71,P＜0.05].Conclusion CAL is not different between patients with complete or incomplete KD and the occurrence of CAL is not associated with gender,but with age.The younger the age,the higher the incidence of CAL and the higher the incidence of cardiac sequelae.It is possible that patients treated with GCs are prone to CAL.

Hyperlipidemia pancreatitis in children is mostly genetic metabolic disease.The incidence of acute pancreatitis in children is only (3-13)/100 000, and pancreatitis caused by hyperlipidemia accounts for 9% of acute pancreatitis.A child suffering from V-type hyperlipidemia pancreatitis was admitted to the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University in July 2019.The missense mutation at position c. 2770G>A of CFTR gene (nucleotide 2770 in coding region changed from guanine to adenine) in children was detected by gene sequencing, thus resulting in amino acid change p. D924N.It is extremely rare to report that CFTR gene mutation causes hereditary pancreatitis, and there is no literature report on c. 2770G>A site.This case is reported as follows, hoping to provide reference and inspiration for pediatricians.

Objective To study the effects of 5-HT1A receptor in hippocampal dentate gyrus on anxiety behavior of adult rats with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods PD model in rats was constructed by using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to lesion the medial forebrain bundle (MFB).In lesioned rats and sham-operated rats,we examined the changes of the number of TFH-positive neurons in the SNc and VTA.We also examined how 5-HT1A receptor of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) modulates the anxiety-related behavior using open field test and elevated plus-maze test,and examined monoamine neurotransmitter changes in the striatum,medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),amygdale and ventral hippocampus using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.Results In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats,the SNc of the injected side showed a total loss of TH-ir neurons compared with the unlesioned side,and the number of TH-ir neurons in the VTA on the lesioned side decreased significantly to (34± 2)％.The locomotor activity in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats decreased compared with that in sham-operated rats.Unilaterally lesioning the MFB decreased the percentage of time spent in the center in the open-field test and percentages of open arm entries and open arm time of elevated plus maze test when compared with sham-operated rats.In the sham-operated rats,intra-DG injection of 8-OH-DPAT did not affect anxiety-like behavior.In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats,intra-DG injection of 8-OH-DPAT significantly increased the percentage of time spent in the center at a dose of 100 ng and 500 ng when compared with saline injection into the DG.Injection of WAY-100635 did not affect rats in the two groups.Unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the MFB in rats significantly decreased DA levels in the ipsilateral striatum,mPFC,amygdale and ventral hippocampus compared with those in sham-operated rats,but had no effect on 5-HT or NA levels in those structures.Conclusion Unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the MFB not only totally damaged DA neurons in SNc and partly damaged DA neurons in VTA,but also decreased DA level in the ipsilateral striatum,mPFC,amygdale and ventral hippocampus.Unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the MFB induces anxiety-related behavior,and activation of 5-HT1A receptor in the hippocampal dentate gyrus has anxiolytic effect in the rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Objective To compare the features of OCT angiography (OCTA) between neovascular agerelated macular degeneration (nAMD) and myopic ehoroidal neovascularization (mCNV) patients before and after intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment.Methods A prospective cohort study.Twenty-nine patients (37 eyes) with nAMD (19 males and 10 females,aged 68.20±8.76) and 31 patients (34 eyes) with mCNV (9 males and 22 females,aged 43.10± 11.80,with the mean diopter of-9.71 ± 1.20 D) from Department of Ophthalmology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University during May and December 2017 were included in this study.Ranibizumab or Conbercept (0.5 mg/0.05 ml) was intravitreally injected in all eyes.The patients were follow-up for 3-6 months.The OCTA was conducted before treatment and 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3-6 months after treatment.In order to ensure that the scanning position was the same,the tracking mode was adopted for each scanning.According to the OCTA images,the lesion area,parafoveal superficial vessel density and perfusion area were measured and analyzed contrastively between nAMD and mCNV patients.Results The mean lesion area before and 1 month after treatment in nAMD patients were 0.38± 1.87 mum2 and 0.06±0.12 mm2,while in mCNV patients,those were 0.26± 1.06 mm2 and 0.03 ± 0.05 mm2,respectively.There were statistically significant differences (Z=4.181,4.475;P＜0.001) in CNV lesion area before and 1 month after treatment between nAMD and mCNV patients.Compared with those before treatment,the absolute change (Z=1.853,P=0.064) and the percentage changes (t=2.685,P=0.010) of CNV lesion area l month after treatment in nAMD and mCNV patients show a statistical meaning.There were significantly decreases in both parafoveal superficial vessel density (F=8.997,P=0.003) and perfusion area (F=7.887,P=0.015) 3 months after treatment in nAMD patients,while decreases in parafoveal superficial vessel density (F=11.142,P=0.004) and perfusion area (F=7.662,P=0.013) could be detected 1 day after treatment in mCNV patients,before rising 1 month after treatment.Conclusions There are significantly differences in lesion area before and after the treatment of intravitreal anti-VEGF between nAMD and mCNV patients by OCTA examination.Moreover,the changes of both parafoveal superficial vessel density and perfusion area after anti-VEGF treatment are statistically different in two groups.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a genetically heterogeneous group of connective tissue diseases that are commonly characterized by chronic joint synovial inflammation with unknown etiology in childhood.It is cu-rrently incurable and the main therapeutic goal is to achieve clinical remission.The drugs currently used to treat JIA mainly include non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoid, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biological agents.In this article, recent advances in the understanding of JIA treatment and related clinical research were reviewed, in an attempt to provide prospects for the future direction of drug development and treatment concepts.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of blindness among people over 65 in developed countries.With the rapidity of population aging process,the prevalence of AMD will be further increased.The application of anti-vascular endothelial factor growth medicine in ophthalmology has made great progress in the therapeutic effect and prognosis of wet AMD.In this context,many countries and regions have successively formulated guidelines for the AMD clinical diagnosis and treatment,especially the United States,Europe and Australia.Through the analysis of AMD clinical guidelines of American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) in 2015,and by comparing it with AMD analysis and treatment guidelines of European Society of Retina Specialists (EURETINA) in 2014,this paper provides an accurate,effective and comprehensive diagnosis strategy and lays a foundation for providing AMD patients with quality diagnosis and treatment plans.

It has been well established that immune surveillance plays critical roles in preventing the occurrence and progression of tumor. More and more evidence in recent years showed the host anti-tumor immune responses also play important roles in the chemotherapy and radiotherapy of cancers. Our previous study found that tumor- targeting therapy of anti-HER2/neu mAb is mediated by CD8(+) T cell responses. However, we found here that enhancement of CD8(+) T cell responses by combination therapy with IL-15R/IL-15 fusion protein or anti-CD40, which are strong stimultors for T cell responses, failed to promote the tumor therapeutic effects of anti-HER2/neu mAb. Analysis of tumor microenviornment showed that tumor tissues were heavily infiltrated with the immunosuppressive macrophages and most tumor infiltrating T cells, especially CD8(+) T cells, expressed high level of inhibitory co-signaling receptor PD-1. These data suggest that tumor microenvironment is dominated by the immunosuppressive strategies, which thwart anti-tumor immune responses. Therefore, the successful tumor therapy should be the removal of inhibitory signals in the tumor microenvironment in combination with other therapeutic strategies.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; immunology