ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of nursing intervention on clinical outcomes and recurrence rate of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis. Methods120 patients with hemoptysis of tuberculosis from October 2008 to October 2009 in our hospital were chosen as research object.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group was treated with conventional methods of nursing care,and the observation group was taken nursing intervention based on routine care.The outcome of the treatment,recurrence rate and medication compliance during 1-year follow- up after discharge for the two groups were compared. ResultsAfter treatment,the outcome of the situation was compared.There were 54 patients cured,1 died,5 patients abandoned treatment and were discharged automatically in the observation group.47 patients were cured,4 died,9 patients abandoned treatment and were discharged automatically in the control group.The cure rate in the observation group was better than the control group.The mortahty rate was significantly lower than the control group.The relapse rate during one-year follow-up were compared.There were 4 cases with recurrence in the observation group,accounted for 6.8％.There were 15 cases with recurrence in the control group,the recurrence rate was 26.8％.The medication compliance of the observation group was significantly better than the control group during 1-year follow-up. ConclusionsNursing intervention can improve patients' medical compliance,enhance treatment effect,and obtain better outcomes.It can improve medication compliance,help establish healthy habits,and reduce the relapse rate post-discharge.

BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of osteoporosis depends upon the bone mineral density T-score of ≤ -2.5 standard deviation or brittle fractures. Bone mineral density measurement combined with vertebral fracture assessment might prevent the missed diagnosis of osteoporosis due to bone mineral density evaluation alone, and improve the diagnosis rate of osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of bone mineral density measurements combined with vertebral fracture assessment for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
METHODS:Bone mineral density measurements of proximal femur and vertebral fracture assessment for lateral thoraco-lumbar images were consecutively done for 217 postmenopausal women who aged ≥ 50 years. The rate of osteoporosis diagnosed with bone mineral density T score was compared with that diagnosed with bone mineral density combined with vertebral fracture assessment. The effects of bone mineral density on the vertebral fracture were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:92 (42.4%) patients had bone mineral density T score ≤ -2.5, which met the threshold for diagnosis of osteoporosis. 102 (47.0%) patients had osteopanic (-1>T>-2.5) and 23 (10.6%) had normal range of bone mineral density. 158 patients had no vertebral fractures and 59 (27.2%) patients had 101 vertebral fractures. The vertebral fracture rate was 21.6%in the patients with bone mineral density T> -2.5 and 34.8%in the patients with bone mineral density T ≤ -2.5, with significant differences (P<0.05). Bone mineral density in combination with vertebral fracture assessment for the diagnosis rate of osteoporosis was up to 54.8%, which was significantly higher than the rate diagnosed with only bone mineral density (12.4%;P=0.01). Bone mineral density measurement combined with vertebral fracture assessment improves the diagnosis of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women.

Based on the engineering practice, the sealed design of key nodes for high-level biosafety laboratories(BSL-3 and BSL-4 Laboratory) are introduced including the selection and assemblage of panel materials of building enclosure, a variety of channels through walls, and inflatable airtight doors and efficient exhaust filtration unit, which can solve the gastightness questions of building enclosure. The test results of model laboratory show that natural attenuation of the pres- sure is less than 250 Pa in 20 min when he indoor air pressure up to 500 Pa.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with traumatic brain injury in the Ya' an earthquake and discuss the treatment experiences.Methods Medical records of 69 patients admitted from April 2013 to May 2013 because of traumatic brain injury in the Ya' an earthquake were collected.Retrospective review was performed for age,gender,causes of injury,time from injury to hospitalization,types of injury,associated injury,treatment methods and outcomes.Results There were 47 males and 22 females.Forty-two patients (61％) were injured from falling objects.Fifty-eight patients (84％) were sent to the West China Hospital within 72 hours postinjury.Twenty-two cases (32％) sustained associated injuries.Twenty-nine patients (42％) were critically injured.Twenty-four patients underwent operation at the local hospital and twelve patients had operation at our hospital.Outcome measure using GOS one month after treatment showed 55 favorable recovery,5 moderate disability,4 severe disability,and 5 coma.Conclusions Main cause of injury is hit by falling objects during the Ya' an earthquake.Majority of the patients obtained effective treatment in the time window.GCS in combination with patients' general condition used in casualty triage and critical patients charged by neurosurgeons and treated with the cooperation of multiple disciplinary teams are helpful to successful treatment.

As a weapon of mass destruction ,the biological weapon , composed of biological warfare agents and their re-lease devices,is characterized by strong pathogenicity , large pollution areas, various routes of infection, low cost, user-friendliness and a large number of impact factors .Although the United Nations has banned the use of biological weapons , there are still some countries and regions that continue biological weapon researches .In addition, illegal use of biological warfare agents in the field of terrorism and non-military arena poses a serious threat to public safety .Early detection of bio-logical warfare agent use and determination of its type are crucial to biological weapon defense and epidemic control .There-fore, to enhance researches on rapid detection and early warning of biological warfare agents is of great significance .This paper reviews the main technologies currently applied to the field of biological warfare agent detection and their progress .

BACKGROUND:The prevalence of osteoporosis is high in the patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Osteoporosis is associated with the survival of prostheses. Both canal flare index and bone mineral density are aged-related.
OBJECTIVE:To study the cxorrelation between canal flare index of the proximal femur and bone mineral density of femoral neck, and to pay more attention to osteoporosis.
METHODS:A retrospective study of the correlation between canal flare index of the proximal femur on pelvic radiograph and bone mineral density of femoral neck was made in 57 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The canal flare index were ranged 1.8-4.8 (3.1±0.7) in 57 patients. There were 23 patients in canal flare index<3 (chimney-type medul ary cavity), 33 in canal flare index between 3 and 4.7 (normal-type medul ary cavity), and one in canal flare index>4.7 (funnel-type medul ary cavity). The age had an impact on the type of medul ary cavity. The prevalence of chimney-type medul ary cavity were significantly higher in>60 years old group than≤60 years old group, and bone mineral density of femoral neck in the group of canal flare index≥3 was significantly higher than the group of canal flare index<3. The bone mineral density of femoral neck was gradual y reduced with age, and were significantly higher in≤60 years old group than in>60 years old group [(0.751±0.235) g/cm2, (0.590±0.092) g/cm2, P=0.000]. As bone mineral density reduced, canal flare index was also decreased. Experimental findings indicate that, the bone mineral density of femoral neck is significantly correlated with canal flare index.

Objective To compare the efficacy of sedation with dexmedetomidine versus midazolam in mechanically ventilated patients.Methods Sixty patients aged 20-64 yr,with body mass index 21-25 kg/m2,APECHE Ⅱ score 10-25,requiring 24 h of nechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU),were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each): midazolam group (group M) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).A loading dose of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg was injected intravenously,followed by infusion at 0.03-0.20 mg· kg-1 · h-1 in group M.A loading dose of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was injected intravenously,followed by infusion at 0.2-0.7 μg· kg-1 · h-1 in group D.Ramsay sedation score was maintained at 2-4.The satisfaction of the doctors in ICU with the sedative efficacy,hypotension and bradycardia were recorded.Delirium was recorded starting from the begging of sedation to 2 h after the end of sedation.The emergence time and occurrence of falling asleep again within 2 h after waking were also recorded.Results Compared with M group,the satisfactory level of the doctors in ICU with the sedative efficacy was significantly increased,the emergence time was significantly shortened and the incidences of falling asleep again within 2 h after waking and delirium were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia in group D (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of sedation with dexmedetomidine is better than that of midazolam in mechanically ventilated patients.

Objectives Through analyzing the published scientific papers by the professionals of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province(GDCDC) from 2001 to 2006,to put forward some suggestions for the research management,the discipline development and the personnel training.Methods Literature quantitative analysis and health statistics methods were used to analyze these papers.Results The professionals of GDCDC published a total of 924 papers with an annual average of 154 in 114 kinds of periodicals from 2001 to 2006 of the 924 papers.264 papers(28.6%) were published in the key Chinese periodicals,320 papers(34.6%)in the South China Journal of Preventive Medicine,68 papers (7.4%)in the Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology and 51 papers(5.5%)in the China Public Health.Of the 924 papers,433 papers(46.9%)belonged in the field of health laboratory technology,354 papers(38.3%)in the field of disease prevention and control,and 70 papers(7.6%)in the field of public health.During the six years,79.2% of the total professionals Published at least one paper,58professionals published at least six papers.Of the 924 corresponding authors.56.8% aged 30～40 years old.48.9% had a bachelor degree,and 45.9% had a senior professional title.Conclusions In recent years,the quantity and quality of papers published by the professionals of GDCDC were improved.The professional's ability to conduct scientific research was enhanced and the research level of GDCDC wag raised year by year.The predominant specialties of the academic research were in the field of health laboratory technology and disease prevention and control.But the professional work and discipline development of Public health should be sirengthened further.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of metabolic syndrome (MS) on new-onset cholelithiasis.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The data of 89 553 subjects who participated health examination at the Kailuan General Hospital Affiliated to the North China University of Science and Technology,Kailuan Linxi Hospital,Kailuan Zhaogezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Tangjiazhuang Hospital,Kailuan Fan'gezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Lyujiatuo Hospital,Kailuan Jinggezhuang Hospital,Kailuan Linnancang Hospital,Kailuan Qianjiaying Hospital,Kailuan Majiagou Hospital and Kailuan Branch Hospital from June 2006 to December 2015 were collected.According to the diagnostic criteria of MS published by International Diabetes Federation,all the patients were divided into 4 groups,including 70 657 without MS in the normal group,14 075 corresponded with 3 diagnostic criteria of MS in the MS-3 group,4 556 corresponded with 4 diagnostic criteria of MS in the MS-4 group and 265 corresponded with 5 diagnostic criteria of MS in the MS-5 group.Health examinations were applied to all subjects by the fixed team of doctors at the same place.Epidemiological investigation,anthropometric parameters and biochemical indicators were collected.Observation indicators:(1) comparisons of clinical characteristics among the 4 groups;(2) incidence of cholelithiasis in the 4 groups;(3) risk factors analysis affecting new-onset cholelithiasis.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x) ± s and comparisons among groups were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA.Pairwise comparison and homogeneity of variance were done using the LSD test.Heterogeneity of variance was done using the Dunnett's T3 test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (Q) and comparisons among groups were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed by the chi-square test.The incidence of cholelithiasis in the 4 groups were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons of incidence were done by the Log-rank test.The COX proportional hazards model was used to analyze the hazard ratios (HR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI) of MS on new-onset cholelithiasis.Results (1) Comparisons of clinical characteristics among the 4 groups:age,sex (male),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),waistline,triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),fasting blood glucose,BMI,cases with hypertension,diabetes,drinking,smoking and physical exercise were (50± 12) years,52 895,(127 ± 20) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa),(81 ± 11) mmHg,(85±9)cm,1.14 mmol/L (range,0.83-1.56 mmol/L),(4.9±1.1) mmol/L,(1.56±0.39)mmol/L,(5.2± 1.3)mmol/L,(24.5±3.3) kg/m2,24 016,7 696,11 636,20 689,10 245 in the normal group and (54± 11)years,12905,(142±19)mmHg,(90±11)mmHg,(94±8)cm,2.08 mmol/L (range,1.51-3.04 mmol/L),(5.1±1.3)mmol/L,(1.50±0.42)mmol/L,(6.3±2.1)mmol/L,(27.1±3.2) kg/m2,10 031,5 737,3 090,4 762,2 353 in the MS-3 group and (54±10)years,4 556,(146±19)mmHg,(92±11)mmHg,(97±7)cm,2.57 mmol/L (range,2.03-3.80 mmol/L),(5.2± 1.4)mmol/L,(1.44±0.45)mmol/L,(7.2±2.4)mmol/L,(28.1±3.1)kg/m2,3 696,2 971,1 091,1 699,867 in the MS-4 group and (56±11)years,265,(146± 17)mmHg,(92±11)mmHg,(98±6)cm,2.60 mmol/L (range,2.06-3.91 mmol/L),(4.9±1.1)mmol/L,(0.86±0.14) mmol/L,(7.7± 2.9) mmol/L,(28.7 ± 2.9) kg/m2,221,196,62,93,78 in the MS-5 group,respectively,with statistically significant differences among the 4 groups (F =481.40,x2 =3 359.07,F =3 551.06,3 280.16,5 915.20,x2 =18 358.71,F=211.30,473.42,4 168.34,3 909.75,x2 =9 829.51,14 449.74,375.78,225.14,145.73,P ＜ 0.05).(2) Incidence of cholelithiasis in the 4 groups:89 553 subjects were observed for (8.0± 1.1) years,and 4 313 had new-onset cholelithiasis with a cumulative incidence of 4.8％.The cumulative incidences of cholelithiasis in the normal,MS-3,MS-4 and MS-5 groups were respectively 4.5％,5.6％,6.3％ and 13.2％,with a statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (x2 =89.96,P＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the cumulative incidences of cholelithiasis among the normal,MS-3,MS-4 and MS-5 groups (x2=28.56,29.25,43.48,17.13,35.75,16.82,P＜0.05).(3) Risk factors analysis affecting new-onset cholelithiasis:results of COX proportional hazards model showed that hazard of the new-onset cholelithiasis in the normal group was increased compared with that in the MS-3,MS-4 and MS-5 groups with adjustment for sex,age,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,smoking,drinking and physical exercise (HR=1.16,1.33,2.68,95％CI:1.07-1.26,1.17-1.51,1.92-3.74,P＜0.05).Conclusion MS is an independent risk factor of new-onset cholelithiasis,and the increased incidence risk of new-onset cholelithiasis is consistent with subjects corresponded with diagnostic criteria of MS.

To get the information about civil attitudes and main affecting factors of cadaver donation in Zhengzhou.Make stochastic visits to part of dwellers in Zhengzhou urban districts and then study the statistical data.The main affecting factors are traditional ideas and unsound legal system.So,in order to have a good effect,we should strengthen the dissemination of cadaver donation,renovate ideas,and strengthen relevant legislation for cadaver donation.