Objective To investigate the expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 in triple‐negative breast cancer(TNBC)and their clinical significance.Methods The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 in TNBC and normal breast cells were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect their expressions in 84 TNBCs ,33 breast fibromas and 11 normal breast tissues. The correlation of their expressions in TNBC and the relationship between their expressions and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed as well.Results SOCS3 was not expressed or down‐expressed in TNBC cell lines while IL‐6 was over‐expressed. The positive rate of SOCS3 protein was 32.1% in TNBCs ,63.6% in breast fi‐bromas(P<0.01)and 72.7% in normal breast tissues (P< 0.01);and that of IL‐6 protein was 72.6% in TNBCs ,30.3% in breast fibromas(P< 0.01)and 27.3% in normal breast tissues (P< 0.01).Moreover ,a significant negative correlation was found between the expression of SOCS3 and that of IL‐6 in TNBC(rs = -0.590 ,P<0.01). The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 were markedly associated with tumor size ,lymph node metastasis ,clinical stages and expressions of Ki‐67 and p53(P<0.05) , but not with age ,histological grades or menopausal status(P>0.05).Conclusion The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 are asso‐ciated with the development of TNBC ,suggesting that SOCS3 and IL‐6 can serve as biological markers for evaluating the prog‐nosis ,and therapeutic targets of T NBC.

Trophozoites of Giardia lamblia were axenically cultivated with modified TYI-S-33 medium contained 500 ?g/ml metronidazole(12h LC50).The morphology of drug-treated trophozoites was observed with light and electron micro-scopes at 2,4,8,12 h respectively.The light microscopy revealed that the trophozoites treated with MTZ showed swollen,detached from the wall of the culture tube,and were with vacuoles in the cytoplasm.Movement of the flagella become slowly or stopped.Electronic microscopy showed that the trophozoites were swollen and deformed;lots of vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm;the contents of cytoplasm were depleted and the nuclei deformed.This study indicated that MTZ has injured the morphology of G.lamblia.

Objective To construct a recombinant adenovirus encoding ?-galactosidase gene(?-gal),which may be used to treat the lactose intolerance caused by lactase deficiency,with modified AdEasy system.Methods The sequence fragment of ?-gal was cloned into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV,and the homo-logous recombination was completated with backbone plasmid pAdEasy1 in the E.coli BJ5183 to construct the recombinant adenoviral plasmid.The adenoviruses were packaged and amplified in the HEK293 cells mediated by liposome.The viral titre was measured by limiting dilution assay and the transfection efficiency was observed by X-gal histochemical staining.Results The recombinant adenovirus with ?-gal was constructed successfully and the viral titre was(2.5~4.0)?1011EFU/ml.More than 70% HEK293 cells were transfected when the MOI was 10.Moreover,more than 65% cells were blue after X-gal histochemical staining.Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus carrying ?-gal with high titre and efficient transfection is constructed successfully by AdEasy system,which supplies valuable experimental basis for the gene therapy to the lactose intolerance caused by lactase deficiency.

The species of bromine and iodine in aerosol samples were extracted using ultra-pure water-ultrasonic method with different time in-length and pressurizing decomposition with dilute ammonia, respectively. The efficiency of extraction and the stability of bromine and iodine species were compared under different extraction) conditions. Results showed that(1) the efficiency of extraction using pressurizing decomposition, which might destroy some unknown form of organic iodine, was relatively higher than the one by ultrasonic method;(2) I~- was unstable in added standard cellular blank filter during ultrasonic assisted extraction for long time;(3) The optimum condition was ultra-pure water-ultrasonic assisted extraction for 5 min. Moreover), the suitability of glass microfiber filter(GF) and cellular filter(CF) during extraction for bromine and iodine) species in aerosol was also compared, which indicated that GF is favorable for species analysis than CF under different kinds of extraction conditions. Based upon the extraction results, HPLC-ICP-MS approach was developed to analyze bromine and iodine) species in atmospheric aerosol. The total iodine, bromine and species in the aerosol samples collected in Hefei were then determined accordingly. The levels of total bromine and iodine) in Hefei aerosols were 883 and 231 pmol/m~3, respectively. Br~- was found to be dominant species with 68%, while BrO_3~- was undetectable. 70% of total iodine occurred as unidentified forms including soluble organic) iodine and insoluble iodine.

Objective:To investigate the variations in infrared radiation at Taichong(LR3),Taixi(KI3),and control points before and after menstruation and to examine the infrared radiation patterns associated with Yuan-primordial points of Zang-Fu organs during the physiological menstrual cycle. Methods:Using a point infrared radiation spectrum detection system,we detected the infrared radiation spectra of Taichong(LR3),Taixi(KI3),and the control points located 1 cm away from the two points,in a range of 1.50-18.00 μm wavelengths during the premenstrual,menstrual,and postmenstrual phases in 32 healthy adult women.Subsequently,data mining and analysis were conducted. Results:Before,during,and after menstruation,the infrared spectral shapes of bilateral Taichong(LR3),Taixi(KI3),and their control points were generally consistent,with characteristic infrared spectral wavelengths located at 11.25 μm.Prior to menstruation,the total intensity of infrared radiation at the right Taixi(KI3)was significantly lower than that at the control point(P<0.05),and that at the left Taichong(LR3)was significantly lower than that at the control point(P<0.01).During and after menstruation,the total infrared radiation intensity at both Taixi(KI3)was significantly lower than that of the control point(P<0.05).The wavelength points exhibiting significant differences in the infrared radiation intensity between points and control points were concentrated at the primary peak of 7.50-14.25 μm and the secondary peak of 15.00-17.25 μm. Conclusion:During different menstrual phases,the infrared radiation spectra of Taichong(LR3)and Taixi(KI3)exhibited distinct point specificity,mainly evident in the infrared radiation intensity and wavelength.

Objective To prepare iRGD modified liposome(iRGD-LP)and evaluate their targeting efficiency in vitro and in vivo to colon cancer cell.Methods The iRGD-LP was prepared by film-ultrasonic method,its particle size and Zeta potential were evaluated.The cellular uptake efficiency of RKO cell to LP and iRGD-LP were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Tumor spheroid model were constructed and the penetration efficiency of solid tumor were evaluated.Ectopic colon cancer nude mice model was constructed,and iRGD -LP distribution in the rat body were studied.Results The particle diameter of iRGD-LP was (109.4 ±12.9)nm with the Zeta potential of (4.2 ±1.47)mV.The cellular uptake efficiency of RKO cell to iRGD-LP were 3.2 times higher than that of LP(P<0.01).The tumor spheroid penetration test and iRGD-LP distribution in vivo imaging results showed iRGD-LP had the strongest fluorescence intensity.Conclusion The iRGD-LP might serve as a promising colon cancer delivery system of antitumor drugs.

Objective To assess the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants and to evaluate the effects of nutritional support and morbidities on EUGR.Methods Data of VLBW preterm infants ＜ 34 weeks of gestation admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between January 1,2005 and December 31,2010 were reviewed.Those VLBW preterm infants were divided into the EUGR group (n=67) and the non-EUGR group (n=40).Perinatal data,growth data,nutritional information and morbidities were compared between the two groups.The incidence of EUGR in VLBW preterm infants was assessed and the associated risk factors were analyzed.Independent samples t,Chi-square and rank sum tests and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analyses.Results A total of 107 VLBW infants survived to discharge.The average gestational age in the EUGR group was much lower than that in the non-EUGR group [(30.0±2.1) weeks vs (30.9 ± 1.1) weeks,t=2.904,P=0.002].However,the incidences of small for gestational age (SGA) and maternal hypertension in the EUGR group was higher than that in the non-EUGR group [SGA:53.7％ (36/67) vs 15.0％ (6/40),x2=15.575,P ＜ 0.01; maternal hypertension:40.3％ (27/67) vs 20.0％ (8/40),x2=4.689,P=0.030].Standard deviation score (SDS) of birth weight and weight at discharge in the EUGR group was lower than that in the non-EUGR group [SDS of birth weight:(--1.9±0.8) vs (--1.1±0.7),t=5.418; weight at discharge:-2.6 (-3.0--2.0) vs-0.5 (-0.9--0.1),U=30.271; both P ＜ 0.01].The velocity of weight gain in the EUGR group was lower than that in the non-EUGR group [(12.0±4.4) g/(kg · d) vs (16.1±4.0) g/(kg · d),t=1.879,P=0.036],while the maximum percentage of weight loss and the age at maximum weight loss in the EUGR group was higher than that in the non-EUGR group [percentage of weight loss:(13.2± 1.7)％ vs (9.0± 1.6)％,t=12.832,P ＜ 0.01; age:(13.4±3.5) vs (10.9±4.3) d,t=3.113,P=0.001].The time to achieve full enteral feeds,3 g/(kg · d) protein and 120 kcal/(kg · d) calories intake were longer in than the EUGR group [(39.7 ± 8.2) vs (30.8±6.1) d,t=6.293,P=0.007; (21.4±5.8) vs (17.5±1.3) d,t=4.286,P=0.002; (28.4±6.0) vs (20.3±5.4) d,t=7.198,P=0.015; 1 kcal=4.184 k J].The cumulative caloric deficit and cumulative protein deficit in the first two weeks of life in the EUGR group were significantly higher than those in the non-EUGR group [(600.9±49.3) vs (536.4 ± 55.2) kcal/kg,t=6.082,P ＜ 0.01; (17.4 ± 0.8) vs (12.4 ± 0.8) g/kg,t=31.279,P=0.003,respectively].The incidences of late-onset infection and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the EUGR group was significantly higher than that in the non-EUGR group [77.6％ (52/67) vs 40.0％ (16/40),x2=15.300,P ＜ 0.01;38.8％ (26/67) vs 17.5％ (7/40),x2=5.330,P=0.040,respectively].The length of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation in the EUGR group were significantly longer than that in the non-EUGR group [(44.5 ±4.5) vs (32.5± 1.5) d,t=20.042,P=0.030; 9.5(6.5-44.0) d vs 6.2(5.0-35.5) d,U=19.195,P=0.004,respectively].Logistic regression analysis showed that SGA,gestational age,BPD,late-onset infection,time to achieve full enteral feeds and 3 g/(kg · d) protein intake and the cumulative caloric deficit in the first two weeks after birth were the independent risk factors for EUGR (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EUGR remains a serious issue in VLBW preterm infants,especially SGA,in the NICU.An early aggressive nutritional strategy,prevention of BPD and infection,and improvement of perinatal care may facilitate a reduction in the occurrence of EUGR.

Human monocyte leukemia cell line THP-1 was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate the sepsis model and the expression of human glucocorticoid receptor-alpha (GR-alpha) mRNA in montocytes with endotoxin tolerance was investigated. THP-1 cells were cultured in serum-free medium, randomly divided into groups A, B, C, D and E, and stimulated with 0, 10, 10, 100, 0 ng/mL LPS for 24 h followed with 100, 100, 10, 100, 0 ng/mL LPS for another 24 h respectively. The expression of GR-alpha mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the A values of GR-alpha/beta-actin in groups A, B, C, D and E was 0.607 +/- 0.006, 0.368 +/- 0.005, 0.484 +/- 0.008, 0.509 +/- 0.004 and 0.564 +/- 0.014 respectively with the difference being significant among the groups (P < 0.05). The GR-alpha mRNA expression was negatively correlated with the TNF-alpha expression (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the down-regulation of the expression of GR-alpha mRNA in endotoxin tolerance THP-1 cells might play an important role in the development of endotoxin tolerance in THP-1 cells.
Drug Tolerance ; Endotoxins/*pharmacology ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/*metabolism ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/pathology ; Monocytes/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Objective To investigate the pathogen-related genes of atmospheric polluting disease so as to clarify the biology mechanism and provide the scientific basis.Methods By using the technique of dot blot hybridization,we analyzed genes’differential expression with cloning by exposure to ≥75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in heating season and < 75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in un-heating season in WI-38 human embryo lung cells.The levels of cytokines TNF-α,IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by radio immunity assay. Results After 24h of treatment, compared with control group,more than 100μg/mL PM2.5 significantly increased TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 levels,and decreased IL-2 in WI-38 human embryo lung cells (P < 0.05 ).The clear stripe was found in 350 bp in 48 gene samples with segment with differential expression of genes exposed to different concentrations of PM2.5 in WI-38 human embryo lung cells.Through the dot blot hybridization,black brown spots were found in 41 samples in Tester cDNA hybridization,and no similar spots were found in all of the same samples in Driver cDNA hybridization. Conclusion PM2.5 exposure may induce the inflammatory damage of WI-38 human embryo lung cells.Obvious genetic damage was observed in those cells exposed to ≥75 μg/m3 PM2.5 in heating season.

Objective To analyze the molecular biological characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) causing children tonsillitis in Yangfangdian community Haidian district,Beijing between 2011 and 2013.Methods From Apr.2011 to Apr.2013,there were 94 children with tonsillitis treated in outpatient of Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,and 17 strains GAS were isolated from these pediatrician outpatients.Their encoding mature M protein gene (emm gene),7 pairs of alleles housekeeping gene (gki,gtr,murI,mutS,recP,xpt and yqiL),superantigen speA and speC genes,macrolide-resistance genes ermB,mefA and ermRT were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The PCR amplified products of emm gene and 7 pairs of alleles housekeeping gene were sequenced.The emm gene sequences were stored in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database.The emm types of GAS were identified.The 7 pairs of alleles housekeeping gene sequences of GAS were sent to the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) website for their iso-allelic sequences to identify their sequence types (ST).The PCR amplified products of superantigen gene speA and speC,macrolide-resistance genes ermB,mefA and ermRT were performed with agar gel electrophoresis.The corresponding qualitative results were obtained.Results Five emm-types were discovered:emm12.0 (76.4％),emm1.0 (5.9％),emm89.0 (5.9％),emm75.0 (5.9％) and emm22.0 (5.9％) ;emm12.0 and its subtype strains had the same allelic profiles which belonged to ST36 type; emm1.0 strain belonged to ST28 ; emm89.0 strain belonged to ST101 ; emm75.0 strain belonged to ST49 ; emm22.0 strain belonged to ST46 ; 94.1％ (16/17) strains carried macrolide-resistance gene ermB.None carried macrolide-resistance genes mefA and ermRT.None carried superantigen speA gene.100.0％ (17/17 cases) carried superantigen speC gene.Conclusions emm12.0 (ST36) strain was the most common type of GAS causing the children tonsillitis in Yangfangdian community Haidian District,Beijing between 2011 and 2013.These strains mainly carry macrolide-resistance ermB and superantigen speC gene.