Objective To evaluate the clinical application of CT virtual cystoscopy (CTVC). Me-thods Thirteen patients who had clinical indication were studied. Iodine contrast was intravenously injected after the bladder was voided. Thin-slice spiral CT scanning of the bladder area was started when the bladder became filled with contrast media. By using 3D navigator smooth software, CTVC images were obtained. The findings in all cases were compared with the cystoscopy and surgical results. Results Nine patients with CTVC were proved vesical tumor,3 patients with CTVC were proved benign prostatic hyperplasia, and they were confirmed by cystoscopy,1 patient with cystitis glandularis could not be diagnosed with CTVC.By CTVC, the diagnostic accordance rate was 92.3%,the coincidence rate was 100.0% in vesical tumor. Conclusions CTVC is highly sensitive in displaying the vesical lesions.Being a new and non-invasive technique, CTVC is very helpful in the diagnosis of introvesical diseases. It has fine value in the clinical practice.

The biochemical study of the nutritional status of 101 healthy pregnant women and cord blood samples showed that maternal serum protein, albumin, hemoglobin (Hb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and calcium (Ca) were decreased, and serum transferrin and copper (Cu) were increased in the course of gestation.Correlation coefficients and stepwise regression analysis suggested that the concentrations of serum protein, Fe, Zn, Ca,Hb were positively correlated with the intake of calories, proteins, animal foods (especially fish and meats), Ca and vitamin C.The concentration of cord blood Ca,Zn and Fe were found highly related to the maternal serum levels in the late stage of pregnancy (P

The nutritional status, serum protein, albumin, calcium, zinc, iron, SF, FEP, vitamin A, activity of RBC transketolase, and blood glutathione redu-ctase of 349 normal primigravidas, 30 healthy non-pregnant women and 42 toxemic gravidas were estimated longitudinally from the 1st trimester to delivery. It was noted that serum protein, albumin, Ca, Zn, and Fe decreased markedly in the course of pregnancy. The content of serum vitamin A showed no variation or decrease in the 3rd trimester in 1/3 of the pregnant women observed. Insufficiency of thiamine and riboflavin were noted in 16.7% and 47% of the normal pregnant women respectively. The adequate nutrients intakes in pregnancy were considered to be: Energy, +200 kcal/d; Protein, + 15g/d in the 2nd trimester and +25g/d in the 3rd trimester; Calcium 1000 mg/d in the 2nd trimester and 1500mg/d in the 3rd trimester; Zinc, 20mg/d; Iron 26 or 30 mg/d by supplementation if possible; vitaminA 1000 ?gRE/d; both thiamine and riboflavin 1.8 mg/d.

Methods: Study participants were recruited from Shuguang East Hospital, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, and Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, from April 15 to September 15, 2021. They were categorized into three groups: healthy controls (Group 1), CHD patients without a history of ischemic stroke (Group 2), and CHD patients with a history of ischemic stroke (Group 3). The wrist pulse signals of the study participants were non-invasively collected using a pulse diagnosis instrument. The linear time-domain features and nonlinear time-series multiscale entropy (MSE) features of the pulse signals were extracted using time-domain analysis and the MSE methods, which were subsequently compared between groups. Based on these extracted features, a recognition model was developed using a random forest (RF) algorithm. The classification performance of the models was evaluated using metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score derived from confusion matrix as well as the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC). Results: A total of 189 participants were enrolled, with 63 in Group 1, 61 in Group 2, and 65 in Group 3. Compared with Group 1, Group 2 showed significant increases in pulse features H2/H1, H3/H1, W1, W2, and W2/T, and decreased in MSE1 – MSE7 (P < 0.05), while Group 3 showed significant increases in pulse features T5/T4, T, H1/T1, W1, W2, AS, and Ad, and decreased in MSE1 – MSE20 (P < 0.05). Compared with Group 2, Group 3 demonstrated notable increases in H1/T1 and As (P < 0.05). The RF model achieved precision of 80.00%, 61.54%, and 61.54%, recall of 74.29%, 60.00%, and 68.97%, F1-scores of 70.04%, 60.76%, and 65.04%, and AUC values of 0.92, 0.74, and 0.81 for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The overall accuracy was 67.69%, with micro-average AUC of 0.83 and macro-average AUC of 0.82. Conclusion Differences in pulse features reflect variations in arterial compliance, peripheral resistance, cardiac afterload, and pulse signal complexity among healthy individuals, CHD patients without a history of ischemic stroke, and those with such a history. The developed pulse-based recognition model holds the potential in distinguishing between these three groups, offering a novel diagnostic reference for clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the development of drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis,and to provide reference for the study of this field in China. METHODS:All literatures were retrieved during 2005-2016 using Web of ScienceTM(called"WoS"for short)core collection as database,"Rheumatoid arthritis""Rheumatoid-arthritis""Drug therapy""Medication"as subjects,set-ting literature type as"Article""Review". Bibliometric analysis method was used to list and analyze literatures about drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis by annual number of articles published,source journals,subjects,agencies,authors and hot issues. RE-SULTS:A total of 2 528 literatures were retrieved from WoS core collection. The number of literatures showed an overall trend of growth.Those literatures came from more than 800 journals,among which top 10 journals published 689 literatures about drug ther-apy of rheumatoid arthritis(27.25%).A total of 18 subjects were involved,and the number of literatures in"Clinical medicine"was the largest,with 1 884 literatures(74.53%).A total of 3 431 research institutions were involved,and the largest number of literatures were issued by the Harvard University,with 68 literatures in total(2.69%). A total of 14 325 researchers were in-volved,and top 10 researchers published 240 literatures about drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis(9.49%). The frequency of 25 keywords was greater than or equal to 100 times,that of 12 was greater than or equal to 150 times."Rheumatoid-arthritis"had the highest frequency(1 740 times). In basic scientific index(ESI)database,there were 35 literatures with high citation fre-quency. CONCLUSIONS:With the literatures of rheumatoid arthritis therapy increasing year by year,the focus of research in this field is focused on the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and clinical efficacy. In China,no institution or author enters the world front rank in this research field.Attention should be paid to the clinical study on drug therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.

We aimed to explore what kind of endocrine treatments are optimal for hormone receptorpositive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer in some specific clinical situations. We searched randomized controlled trials in Embase, Medline, the Cochrane library, and PubMed from inception to April 1, 2020 and performed a network meta-analysis based on a Bayesian fixed-effects model. Progression-free survival (PFS) with hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence interval was defined as the primary endpoint, while overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate and serious adverse events were used as secondary endpoints. A total of 35 studies involving 12,285 patients and 24 treatment options were included. In general, most co-treatment options prolonged PFS compared to single-agent therapy, of which aromatase inhibitor (AI) plus everolimus and fulvestrant plus palbociclib were probably the most effective agents, and the latter had the best safety record. However, despite the superior efficacy of fulvestrant plus capecitabine for PFS and OS, palpable toxic effects have been demonstrated for this treatment, so its application must be scrupulously considered. The results of subgroup analysis indicated that fulvestrant combined with palbociclib improved prognosis for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-mutated patients, PI3K-unmutated patients, patients with endocrine therapy resistance, and visceral metastatic patients, while no obvious improvement was detected in OS. Moreover, the efficacy of fulvestrant plus cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors was slightly better than that of AI plus CDK4/6 inhibitors, while AI plus everolimus was more efficacious than fulvestrant combined with everolimus in terms of PFS, OS, and ORR. In conclusion, our results provide moderate evidence that fulvestrant plus palbociclib and AI plus everolimus were the most effective treatments, while the efficacy and safety of fulvestrant plus palbociclib was obviously superior in some specific clinical situations.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified Zhujing Pills in the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration(AMD)of liver and kidney insufficiency type.METHODS 64 patients with dry AMD of liver and kidney insufficiency type were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,32 patients each.The control group was given oral treat-ment with Laishiding capsules,and the experimental group was given oral treatment with modified Zhujing Pills granules.The treatment course for both groups was 3 months.Before and after treatment,the patients in the two groups were observed for TCM syndrome scores,visual acuity,fundus autofluorescence(AF),changes in drusen area within 5 mm of the fovea,and plasma superoxide dis-mutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels.RESULTS After treatment,the scores of TCM syndromes in the experimental group were significantly reduced(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the efficacy of TCM syn-dromes was better than that of the control group(P＜0.01);the visual acuity of the patients in the experimental group was significantly improved,AF was significantly weakened and the area of drusen was reduced(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),which were better than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the plasma SOD and GSH-Px activities of the experimental group were increased,and the MDA level was significantly lowered(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),which were better than the control group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Modified Zhujing Pills can reduce fundus AF intensity,decrease macular drusen area,improve visual acuity,and reduce TCM syndrome scores in pa-tients with dry AMD.The therapeutic mechanism may be related to its antioxidant effect.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound scan at 16 to 18 gestational weeks in euploid fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT).Methods From January 2015 to June 2017,214 fetuses diagnosed with increased NT thickness (NT ≥ 3.0 mm) during early pregnancy in Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital were enrolled.Fetal chromosome karyotype analysis was carried out prenatally.Those cases with normal karyotype underwent ultrasound scan at 16-18 and 20-24 gestational weeks and their outcomes were followed up via telephone.Descriptive statistics was used for statistical analysis.Results There were 198 out of the 214 cases undergoing chromosome karyotype analysis and among them,78 (39％) pregnancies were terminated due to chromosomal abnormalities.Out of the 107 cases with normal karyotype and successful followups,35％(37/107) had structural malformations.There were 19,11 and 6 cases of fetal structural malformations diagnosed at 11-13+6,16-18 and 20-24 weeks of gestational age,respectively,and the rest one was at 28 weeks.Structural deformities detected at 16-18 weeks included cleft lip and palate (n=2),cardiac malformations (n=2),spinal deformities (n=2),body deformities (n=2),diaphragmatic hernia (n=1),encephalocele (n=1) and left multicystic dysplastic kidney (n=1).About 91％ (70/77) of the fetuses with normal karyotype but without abnormal ultrasound findings at 16-18 weeks were free of structural malformations and achieved good pregnant outcomes.Conclusions Ultrasound screening at 16 to 18 weeks of pregnancy can be used to detect multiple structural malformations in fetuses with increased NT and normal karyotype,which may contribute to early detection of fetal structural malformations and help gravidas and their families make timely decisions.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of ultrasonic measurement of left atrium-descending aorta distance in the diagnosis of fetal total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).Methods:Pregnant women who underwent fetal anatomy scans in the second trimester of pregnancy in Central Hospital of Panyu District between January 2018 and June 2019 were included in this study using prospective and case-control study methods. The GE Voluson E8 and Philips EPIQ 7 ultrasound machines were used to measure the left atrium-descending aorta distance in the four-chamber view of the fetal heart. Pulmonary vein was carefully examined. Fetuses with isolated TAPVC were included in the positive group. The pregnancy outcomes were followed up during all participants. 200 healthy fetuses were randomly selected and included in the control group. The correlation between left atrium-descending aorta distance in normal fetuses and gestational weeks was analyzed. The average value of left atrium-descending aorta distances was compared between positive and control groups.Results:A total of 2 156 pregnant women received fetal anatomy scans, with the completion rate of 100%. Among them, 1 786 pregnant women were successfully followed up and 370 were lost to follow up. Among the 1 786 pregnant women, four fetuses were diagnosed with isolated TAPVC, consisting of three fetuses with intracardiac type TAPVC and one fetus with supracardiac type TAPVC, as confirmed by prenatal ultrasound. The left atrium-descending aorta distance in 200 normal fetuses was weakly related to gestational weeks ( r2 = 0.35, P < 0.000 1). The mean left atrium-descending aorta distance in the positive group was significantly greater than that in the control group (5.4 mm vs. 2.1 mm). Conclusion:Ultrasonic measurement of left atrial posterior spatial distance is simple and it is hardly affected by gestational weeks. It is innovative to diagnose TAPVC through quantitative analysis. The widening of left atrium-descending aorta distance has a certain value in suggesting fetal TAPVC. The sample size is small in this study. Multi-center studies involving larger sample sizes are needed to further validate the clinical significance of widened left atrium-descending aorta distance.

Objective:To get norovirus (NoV) GII.6 P protein through prokaryotic expression and prepare the polyclonal antibody.Methods:NoV GII.6 P region gene was amplified and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET28a, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) competent cell. The recombinant protein GII.6 P was expressed by induced Isopropyl β-D-Thiogalactoside (IPTG) and then purified with Ni-NTA Affinity Column. The binding ability of recombinant GII.6 P was determined by oligosaccharide binding assay and the polyclonal antibody serum was prepared by immunizing BALB/c mice. The titer of GII.6 P polyclonal antibody was determined by ELISA, and the specificity of the antibody was detected by western blot (WB). The effectiveness of GII.6 P polyclonal antibody was assessed. Results:The recombinant GII.6P-pET28a plasmid was constructed successfully and the recombinant GII.6 P protein was expressed with relative molecular mass of 40 ×10 3. The purity of GII.6P protein was more than 90% after purification. The oligosaccharide binding showed that the GII.6 P protein binds to B, le b and H2, but does not bind to A, H1, and le a type; the titer of GII.6 P polyclonal antibody was 1∶160 000. WB indicated that the antibody had high specificity and the cross experiments did not show affinity to GII.4. Conclusions:The GII.6P protein has been expressed successfully and the GII.6 P polyclonal antibody with high titer was prepared, which provides an effective tool for detection and vaccine development for NoV GII.6.