This paper explains most important points in the 2013 Guideline, including updated required RDI for total calorie, lfuid and macronutrients such as protein, fat and carbohydrate in neonates, especially premature infants. It also covers the ways of delivering the nutrition (enteral vs parenteral), different dairy category and the handling of possible side effect in PN. The uniifed nutrition management is important.

Over the last two decades,we have seen many advances in the biological underpinnings of many kinds of cancers that have had a significant impact either directly or indirectly on the management and ultimately on the prognostic outcome of this disease.Next-generation sequencing studies have provided further evidence to support the notion4 that cancer is a disease characterized by Darwinian evolution.However,Ones often fail to obtain the information in different stages of the tumor before making treatment decision.This may be the major reason for treatment failures.Currently,circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is considered as aliquid biopsy.By detecting CTCs at different stages of tumor and obtaining the biological characteristics of CTCs,ones can get information about tumor evolution at different stages.It might provide effective basis for individual therapy to tumors,and promote the accuracy of tumor treatment.

Catheter-related blood stream infection is the common nosocomial infection in NICU,which has high morbidity and mortality,then affects the prognosis of those hospitalized neonates.The incidence of neonatal catheter-related blood stream infection can be significantly decreased through the synthetical management and multiple-preventive intervention.

Objective To analyze the curative effect used the common urokinase thrombolysis combined with topo-guide-wire fragmentation and low molecular heparin in the treatment of hemodialysis patients with arteriove-nous fistula embolization and explore the prospects of its application.Methods 30 hemodialysis patients with arterio-venous fistula embolization were divided into 15 cases of thrombolysis group and 15 cases of thrombectomy group ac-cording to the voluntary.The thrombolysis group was given simple urokinase thrombolysis,and the thrombectomy group was given thrombectomy combined with anticoagulant therapy.The curative effect and the difference in complication were compared.Results In curative effect,the recanalization rate,using time after recanalization,and dosage of uro-kinase of the thrombectomy group were better than those of the thrombolysis group[13cases vs.7cases,(22.13 ± 17.51)months vs.(11.05 ±10.55)months,(40.48 ±22.26)ten thousands IU vs.(60.29 ±15.81)ten thousands IU,χ2 =5.40,t=2.10,all P<0.05,t=2.81,P<0.01].In complication,there was no difference in the number of bleeding cases between the two groups(2cases vs.3cases,χ2 =0.24,P>0.05).For the thrombectomy group,there were fewer cases of re -embolization after recanalization (2 cases/13 cases vs.4 cases/7 cases,χ2 =3.85,P <0.05),but more cases of organ embolism(4 cases vs.0 cases,χ2 =4.62,P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional urokinase thrombolytic therapy,the guide wire fragmentation combined with low molecular weight hepa-rin anticoagulant therapy has a higher fistula recanalization rate and a lower re-embolization rate.It does not increase the incidence of bleeding complications.Besides,it can extend the use of internal fistula.However,it may cause the serious organ embolism,so it is necessary to strictly grasp the indications,applying only to the patients who are in the poor efficiency of thrombolytic and unable to have another operation.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Peng’s eye acupuncture in treating headache.Method Sixty headache patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by Peng’s eye acupuncture (acupuncture at ocular points after syndrome differentiation), while the control group was by Chinese medication. The clinical efficacies were compared after a treatment course.Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Peng’s eye acupuncture is an effective method in treating headache.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor of male population in the West.Via binding to androgen response element in the genome and interacting with co-regulators,androgen receptor can participate in the development of prostate cancer and the convertion from androgen dependent prostate cancer to androgen independent prostate cancer.Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,coupled with PCR , chip,and high-throughput sequencing ,makes a huge progress in the study on the downstream target genes of androgen receptor and provide a new way to understand the molecular mechanisms of castration -resistant prostate cancer.

Objective:To explore the effects of combination of epirubicin (EPI) and anti-CD47 antibody on therapy of breast cancer.Calreticulin ( CRT) and CD47 on DC-mediated phagocytosis.Methods: Breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were treated with EPI , and expression of calreticulin ( CRT ) and CD47 on cell surface were detected by flow cytometry or immunofluorescence.DC were isolated from human peripheral blood , and cocultured with epirubicin-treated breast cancer cells in the present of anti-CD47 or anti-CRT antibody ,and the phagocytosis of DC was assessed.Results:Untreated breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 did not express CRT on the surface of cells ,but high level of CD47 was detected.After EPI treatment,CRT exposed on the cells surface,and the expression of CD47 was reduced.The results showed that EPI or anti-47 antibody alone increased DC-mediated phagocytosis ,and combination treatment marked enhanced this effects.Further more, in addition of anti-CRT antibody reduced the phagocytosis of DC.Conclusion:EPI could induce CRT exposure on the tumor cell surface ,and enhanced DC-mediated phagocytosis when combination with anti-CD47 antibody.The phagocytosis of DC on tumor cells were modulated by both ecto-CRT and CD47.This study provide a new effective strategy for the use of anti-CD47 antibody among the chemotherapy of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 in triple‐negative breast cancer(TNBC)and their clinical significance.Methods The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 in TNBC and normal breast cells were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect their expressions in 84 TNBCs ,33 breast fibromas and 11 normal breast tissues. The correlation of their expressions in TNBC and the relationship between their expressions and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed as well.Results SOCS3 was not expressed or down‐expressed in TNBC cell lines while IL‐6 was over‐expressed. The positive rate of SOCS3 protein was 32.1% in TNBCs ,63.6% in breast fi‐bromas(P<0.01)and 72.7% in normal breast tissues (P< 0.01);and that of IL‐6 protein was 72.6% in TNBCs ,30.3% in breast fibromas(P< 0.01)and 27.3% in normal breast tissues (P< 0.01).Moreover ,a significant negative correlation was found between the expression of SOCS3 and that of IL‐6 in TNBC(rs = -0.590 ,P<0.01). The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 were markedly associated with tumor size ,lymph node metastasis ,clinical stages and expressions of Ki‐67 and p53(P<0.05) , but not with age ,histological grades or menopausal status(P>0.05).Conclusion The expressions of SOCS3 and IL‐6 are asso‐ciated with the development of TNBC ,suggesting that SOCS3 and IL‐6 can serve as biological markers for evaluating the prog‐nosis ,and therapeutic targets of T NBC.

This article was aimed to analyze literatures on preventive treatment of disease in acupuncture and moxi-bustion in order to understand its status and development trend. Bibliometrics and statistics method in NoteExpress were used in the analysis of related literatures about preventive treatment of disease in acupuncture and moxibustion from 1981 to 2013, which were included in CNKI. The analysis and research were from aspects such as year distri-bution, keyword, journal distribution, author distribution, and fund distribution. The results showed that there were 537 articles in total from 1981 to 2013. The number of literatures was in an overall growing trend.“Zusanli”,“Inner Canon of Huangdi”,“sub-health”, and“clinical research”were high frequency keywords. The journal distribu-tion conformed to the Brad Ford’s law. The author distribution conformed to the Lotka’s law. The number of fund papers was also increased. It was concluded that research on preventive treatment of disease in acupuncture and moxibustion was still in the period of rapid development and had not reached maturity. The preventive treatment of disease in acupuncture and moxibustion had broad application prospects. However, the research still required to be strengthened.

Dystrophinopathies are a group of fatal X chromosome recessive genetic disease. With the application of ventilator technolo-gy, the main causes of death in patients with dystrophinopathies turned from respiratory failure into circulatory failure, and the importance of heart problems has become increasingly prominent. Myocardial damage can be defined with myocardial enzymes, electrocardiogram, ul-trasound cardiogram, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, etc. Drugs for chronic heart failure remain the most important strategy, and heart transplant or left ventricular assist devices implant may be the alternatives for those in the end.