94 patients who were 15 years or more were involved in study. These patients were underwent histological examinations. Histopathological revealed variable and complex lesions, with multiple lesions in the same sinus such as mucous degeneration, hyperplasia, dysplasia, atrophy, papiloma, fungus. Lesions in buffer tissues include significant edema, bleeding, congestion, gland proliferation and structural abnormalities.
Maxillary Sinusitis ; Maxillary Diseases ; pathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intrasinus ossification is rarely observed in the imaging study of paranasal sinus. The pathologic findings and the treatment principles of the radiodense lesions which are located in the inflammatory lesion of the paranasal sinuses are not clarified enough. In this study, we try to describe the CT findings and histopathology of intrasinus calcification in chronic paranasal sinusitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients who underwent sinus surgery for the abnormal bony calcification were included in this study. The shape and location of intrasinus calcification were evaluated in the CT. The pathologic specimens were reviewed. RESULTS: Most of the patients had high Hounsfield unit at CT imaging. Osteomas were found in 7 patients, fungal sinusitis in 2 patients, and the new bone formation in a patient. Osteoma and the new bone formation were located at the periphery of the sinus cavities. The calcifications in fungal sinusitis were found at the central of the sinuses. Infiltration of the inflammatory cells were found in the matrix of fungal sinusitis, but not in others. CONCLUSION: Intrasinus radiodense lesions are different in the location and shape according to the pathology. The findings in the CT imaging of intrasinus calcification are helpful for the differentiation of these lesions.
Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoma ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Pathology ; Sinusitis*

The role of bacterial biofilms in the chronic diseases has been recognized more and more. The experts in the centers for disease control and prevention of the United States estimate that 65% of human bacterial infection is involved with the biofilms. In the recent study. it has been proved that there is a high correlation between the bacterial biofilm and the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). In order to elucidate the role of bacteria films in the pathogenesis of CRS, we reviewed various method of testing the bacterial biofilms in CRS, and summarized the related researches. Based on the detection researches and summaries, we conclude that bacterial biofilm can contribute to the continuance and development (diffusion and repeated) of CRS. It can lead to the continuous inflammation by influencing the immune system of the mucous membrane. While there is little research on the bacterial biofilm. Further researches will be needed for the exact mechanism of the bacterial biofilm in CRS. in order to find more effective therapeutic method and targets.
Biofilms ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; pathology

Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; classification ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; classification ; pathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: When performing a revision endoscopic sinus surgery, operators should pay close attention due to the altered sinonasal anatomy or defects of anatomical landmarks. Careful preoperative evaluation of altered anatomy is important, however, little has been reported on its structural changes. We investigated status of anatomical structures and mucosal pathology by reviewing OMU CT in revision sinus surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 117 operated sides (right: 59, left: 58) from 62 patients who received revision endoscopic sinus surgeries were evaluated. They had history of previous sinus surgeries such as Caldwell-Luc operation, polypectomy, or endoscopic sinus surgery. We investigated the following 5 parameters by reviewing preoperative OMU CT; Sinus mucosal pathology, bony thickening, absence of superior or middle turbinate, structural changes of superior or middle turbinate, and defects of anatomical landmarks. RESULTS: Sinus mucosal pathology was most commonly found in the maxillary sinuses, and was followed by the anterior ethmoid, the posterior ethmoid, the frontal, and the sphenoid sinuses. Out of 117 sides, 47 showed bony thickening and 7 showed absence of superior or middle turbinate. Eleven revealed structural changes in the superior or middle turbinate, and three showed defects in the lamina papyracea. However, there was no complete absence of the middle or superior turbinates, all of which were partially preserved. CONCLUSION: Significant bony thickening, defects or changes of anatomical structures and associated mucosal pathology were frequently found in revision endoscopic sinus surgeries. Preoperative review of OMU CT, identification of structural changes, and close attention during surgery would be necessary.
Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Pathology ; Sinusitis ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Turbinates

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: When the impairment of nasal airway patency in patients with chronic sinusitis such as mucosal edema or nasal polyps is resolved after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), it is expected that patients no longer complain of hyponasal voice. However, patients who have undergone FESS sometimes complain of more hyponasal voice, or thick voice. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of FESS on voice in terms of nasality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients who underwent FESS and thirty normal adults who had no sinus or nasal pathology were selected for this study. We performed nasalance test for patients group before and 3 months after the operation and for the control group without any medication. RESULTS: Patients' preoperative mean nasalance were not low compared with that of control group in all sentences. It was different from perceptual hyponasality they had complained. Postoperative mean nasalance in patients showed statistically significant increase. Higher change ratio of nasalance was noted in Mamma passage than the other passages. CONCLUSION: There was significant increase in nasalance scores after FESS. Thus, we must consider the possibility of voice changes postoperatively in professional voice users.
Adult ; Edema ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; Pathology ; Sinusitis ; Voice

The purpose of this review is to explain the function of LL-37 in the pathogenesis of chronic sinusitis. LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin identified so far. LL-37 is an integral part of the innate immune,the role of which in chronic sinusitis is attracting more and more s attention.
Cathelicidins ; metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Sinusitis ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology

Diagnosis of sphenoid sinus disease is very difficult because the location of sinus is deep and hidden within the skull and the symptoms of sphenoiditis are nonspecific. However, thanks to new technologies in imaging (CT and MRI) and nasal endoscopy, the literature on sphenoid sinus fungus ball have been published more. But all of the SSFB which have been reported are isolated or unilateral. We reported one rare case of bilateral sphenoid sinus fungus balls. This patient was treated in our department. Headache was the only symptom in this case. The patient was treated by sphenoidotomy via endoscopic approach and removal both of the lesions. No recurrence was found after 6-months follow-up.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoses ; pathology ; Sphenoid Sinusitis ; microbiology

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary disease characterized by airway mucociliary clearance dysfunction. The estimated prevalence of PCD is 1꞉10 000 to 1꞉20 000. The main respiratory manifestations in children are cough, expectoration, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, and chronic otitis media, while the most common symptoms in adults are chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and infertility. About 50% of patients with certain PCD-related gene variants are combined with situs inversus, and the incidence of congenital heart disease is also high. The pathogenesis behind PCD is that gene variants cause structural or functional disorders of respiratory cilia and motile cilia of other organs, leading to a series of heterogeneous clinical manifestations, which makes it difficult to identify and diagnose PCD. Combining different disease screening tools and understanding the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment for PCD.
Chronic Disease ; Cilia/pathology* ; Humans ; Kartagener Syndrome/genetics* ; Phenotype ; Sinusitis

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx and mucosal associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). METHOD: Ten folliculi obtained from 10 patients of follicular pharyngitis and mucosa taken form 10 patients of paranasal sinusitis were fixed in neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections were prepared, stained by H. E and by immunohistochemical method staining with S-100,and observe by light microscopy. We observed the morphology of lymphoid follicles in mucous membrane of pharynx with MALT in mucosa of paranasal sinusitis as the contrast. RESULT: Lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx compared with MALT in the mucosa of paranasal sinuses, there was no mantle zone, no typical germinal center and no mucosal epithelium, immunological staining with S-100 was week. CONCLUSION The lymphoid follicles in mucosa of pharynx does not belong to the MALT.
Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoid Tissue ; pathology ; Nasal Mucosa ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Pharyngitis ; pathology ; Pharynx ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; pathology