Background and purpose:E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule that mediates cell-cell adhesion and also modulates cell migration and tumor invasion.Many studies supported the role of E-cadherin as an invasion suppressor gene.It has been suggested that unlike E-cadherin,?-catenin might promote the invasion and metastasis of carcinoma.This study explored clinical pathological significance of E-cadherin and ?-catenin expressions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods:The PV immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and ?-catenin in 62 cases of normal esophageal epithelium,31 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and 62 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Results:The positive rates of E-cadherin decreased by turns in the normal esophageal epithelium,adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) specimens were 95.2%,71.0% and 40.3%,respectively.In normal esophageal epithelium,?-catenin showed higher intense expression at the membrane and lower intense expression in the cytoplasm.In contrast to the normal tissue,?-catenin was expressed in the cytoplasm of carcinoma in varied degrees,accompanied by less,or even negative expressions at the membrane.In some cases,?-catenin could be detected in the nucleus.Positive expression of ?-catenin(in cytoplasm) and negative expression of E-cadherin were related to the invasion,differentiation,and lymph node metastasis of ESCC(P

From the ethical point of view,this paper explores to carry out AIDS-related training for nursing staff,to enhance their awareness of self protection and occupational protection for better nursing work,and provides reference for training in AIDS prevention and control and reduce occupational risk among nursing staff.

Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous drip of tranexamic acid(TXA) on perioperative bleeding in proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA) operation of elderly intertrochanteric fracture.Methods A total of 115 elderly patient with intertrochanteric fracture undergoing PFNA internal fixation were selected and divided into the treatment group(58 cases) and control group (57 cases).The treatment group was intravenously dripped with 20mg/kg TXA before operation,while the control group had no special treatment.Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit(Hct) were recorded before operation and on postoperative 1,3 d.The total amounts of perioperative blood loss were calculated by using the Gross equation and Nadler equation.The blood transfusion rate and thromboembolic complications occurrence situation in the two groups were performed the statistics.Results The total amounts of perioperative blood loss were (872.21±312.53) mL in the treatment group and (1 162.41±368.64) mL in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The blood transfusion rate was 3.45% in the treatment group and 17.5% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).No deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism occurred in both groups.The occurrence rate of venous thrombus was 5.1% in the treatment group and 7.0% in the control group without statistical difference(P>0.05).Conclusion Preoperatively intravenous drip of 20mg/kg TXA in PFNA internal fixation of elderly intertrochanteric fracture can effectively decrease perioperative blood loss without increasing the risk of thrombus formation.

Objective To report a case of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome,and to make a molecular genetic diagnosis.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from a 12-month-old child with HutchinsonGilford progeria syndrome,his parents,and 150 unrelated healthy controls.DNA was extracted from these samples,and PCR was performed to amplify exon 11 of the LMNA gene and its flanking sequence followed by sequencing.Results The patient presented with scleroderma-like tight skin on the trunk,hair loss and prominent scalp veins for 9 months,whose body height and weight were two standard deviations below the mean.Physical examination showed thin skin and prominent superficial veins over the scalp.The skin over the trunk was tight,hard,shiny and dry with a small number of tiny scales,mottled pigmentation and hypopigmentation,induration and hypertrophy giving a cobblestone-like appearance.The subcutaneous fat was diminished on the lower limbs.Skeletal X-ray examination of the left hand revealed phalangeal acroosteolysis.A known heterozygous mutation c.1824C ＞ T (dbSNP:rs58596362) was detected in the exon 11 of the LMNA gene in the proband,but not in his parents or the 150 unrelated healthy controls.Conclusion The mutation c.1824C ＞T in the LMNA gene may be responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome in this patient.

ObjectiveToinvestigateifthereisTh1/Th2imbalanceofperipheralThcellsinpatientswithrecurrentgenitalherpes(RGH),andtheroleofTh1/Th2inthepathogenesisofRGH.MethodsFlowcytometricanalysiswasemployedtostudyintracellularcytokines(IFN-?,IL-4)andsurfaceantigen(CD4)ofTcellsintheperipheralbloodof33patientswithRGHand15healthyvolunteers.ResultsThemeanTh1/Th2ratioofRGHpatientsdecreasedsignificantlythanthatofhealthycontrols(P

Objective To study the effect of metformin on the growth of megakaryocytic leukemia cell line Dami and to explore the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of metformin on the proliferation of Dami. Methods The Dami cells were cultured and divided into control and 1,2,4,8,16 and 32 mmol·L-1 metformin groups.Then MTT test was performed to detect the inhitory rate of proliferation of Dami cells after treated with different concentrations of metformin. Flow cytometry was used to examine the distribution of cell cycle, and Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expressions of Cdc2 and CylinB1 and the phosphorylation of Cdc2. Results The MTT results showed that compared with control group,the inhibitory rates of proliferation of the Dami cells in 32 mmol·L-1 metformin groups at 0,24,48,72 and 96 h (35.1%±2.3%,49.7%±5.1%, 78.85±0.9%,79.1%± 3.0%%,and 85.2%± 3.2%)were significantly increased(P<0.01),Furthermore, after metformin treatment for 72 h,the inhibitory rates of proliferation of the Dami cells in 1,2,4,8,16 and 32 mmol·L-1 metformin groups were (33.8 ± 0.3)%,(51.9 ± 0.2)%,(59.4 ± 1.6)%,(65.5 ± 2.0)%, (75.5±0.9)%,and (79.1±3.0)%,respectively. Metformin inhibited the growth of Dami cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry results results revealed that compared with control group, the percentages of Dami cells in G2/M phase in 1,2 and 4 mmol·L-1 metformin groups were increased from (26.0± 0.5)% to (38.5 ± 1.5 )%, (48.4 ± 1.1 )%, and (58.2 ± 2.7 )%;there was significant difference in the percentages of Dami cells in G2/M phase between control group and 4 mmol·L-1 metformin group (P<0.01). Western blotting analysis showed that compared with control group, the expressions of Cdc2 and CyclinB were evidently reduced, the phosophorylation of Cdc2 at Tyr1 5 was up-regulated, and the phosphorylation at Thr1 6 1 was down-regulated.Conclusion Metformin can inhibit the growth of Dami cells and induce G2/M arrest,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of Cdc2/CyclinB1 complex.

Thulium fiber laser (TFL) is a new and potential laser with significant advantages in that the therapeutic range covers the entire urinary system. In the field of lithotripsy, compared with the holmium laser, which not only can dust any urinary stone composition types, but also has a higher ablation rate、smaller retropulsion、thinner fragements and fewer complications. In terms of soft tissue applications, compared with other lasers, it has efficient vaporization、precise incision、remarkable hemostatic ability and safety. Additionally the laser is small in size, high in power conversion efficiency, stable in performance, low noise during operation and ordinary power socket in power supply. Most of the current research on TFL lithotripsy and tissue vaporization is preclinical and few clinical studies. This article reviews the physical properties、advantages、ablation efficiency、vaporization and incision ability、laser safety and clinical application of TFL in order to provide more reference for future clinical applications.

Immunotherapy is a therapeutic method that uses the immune system to inhibit tumor activity and kill tumor cells.It has been proved to be effective in the treatment of various malignant tumors.In general, the immune system can recognize and kill the abnormal cells,while the tumor cells can produce a variety of mechanisms to inhibit the immune system,resulting into the incomplete death of the cells.TIGIT is a type of inhibitory receptor containing T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor protein tyrosine inhibitory motif (ITIM)protein domain.This paper discusses the role of TIGIT in limiting antitumor responses and reviews the mechanisms of action during the cancer immunity cycles.

OBJECTIVETo explore and analyze the feasibility of Community Health Service Center(CHSC)-based HIV prevention and intervention in China.

METHODSData on case finding and case management indexes were collected from 42 CHSCs in 8 cities from November, 2011 to December, 2012, and complemented by questionnaires to investigate the willingness to accept community-based HIV services among health care providers and the service targets.

RESULTSDuring November, 2011 and December, 2012, 6 729 person-times HIV tests were carried out among MSM in the cooperation between CHSCs and CBOs, and 235 HIV positives were found. A total of 40 CHSCs among 42 have conducted HIV rapid tests. The sample sources were broad and the HIV screening positive detection rate from high-risk populations in key divisions of CHSCs 0.66% (38/5 769) was higher than that in outreach high-risk populations 0.41% (15/3 623) and people receiving physical check 0.31% (20/6 532). HIV positive detection rate in CHSCs was higher 0.4% (96/23 609) than that in conventional medical institutions 0.1% (11 870/9 644 944) and newly found positives among the confirmed positives was a little lower 73.7% (56/76) than conventional programs 80.1% (8 038/10 039). The case follow-up and CD4(+) T cell testing rates in CHSCs were 100.0% (1 046/1 046) and 99.1% (1 037/1 046), respectively. The testing cost was 6.1 RMB per person on average, and the cost of 1 case found positive was 2 727.3 RMB on average. Among 361 service providers, 68.1% (246)and 91.4% (330) service providers were willing to be involved in AIDS response and support HIV service in local CHSCs. Among 755 service targets including people who seek health care in key divisions of CHSCs, MSM, and high-risk populations in local communities, 77.3% (348), 73.9% (173) and 78.1% (57) were willing to accept free HIV tests in local CHSCs.

CONCLUSIONThe effect of case finding and case management in CHSCs was good and the cost of conducting HIV tests and finding new cases were relatively low, meanwhile, most of the service provides in CHSCs and service targets support HIV service in local CHSCs. The future CHSC-based HIV prevention and intervention was feasible.

China ; Community Health Centers ; Community Health Services ; HIV Infections ; prevention & control ; HIV Seropositivity ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective:To establish a prediction model of risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which helps prevent and reduce the occurrence of acute malignant events.Methods:This is a case-control study. A total of 100 patients with Q-T interval prolongation after AMI who received treatment at Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were included in this study. An additional 100 patients without Q-T interval prolongation after AMI who concurrently received treatment in the same hospital were also included in this study. Two model groups, including model group 1 (with Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50) and model group 2 (without Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50), and two test groups, including test group 1 (with Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50) and test group 2 (without Q-T interval prolongation, n = 50), were designated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to construct a prediction model of risk factors for Q-T interval prolongation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was determined to evaluate the prediction model. The value of the prediction model was validated in the test groups. Results:Multivariate logistic regression showed that female gender ( OR = 2.307, 95% CI: 0.09-0.91, P = 0.041) and heart failure ( OR = 3.087, 95% CI: 1.15-8.27, P = 0.025) were independent risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prediction model was 0.770, with a sensitivity of 84.0%, a specificity of 66.0%, the Jordan index of 0.44, and the corresponding optimal critical value of 0.43. This indicates good fit of the model. Conclusion:Female gender and heart failure are independent risk factors for early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI. The model constructed based on the above-mentioned risk factors fits well and has a high predictive value, which helps reduce the occurrence of early Q-T interval prolongation after AMI.