1.The Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mineral Density of The Lumbar Spine and Hip in Postmenopausal Women.
Sin Kyu CHOI ; Ju Hye YOON ; Eung Soo KIM ; Jang Kyun OH
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1998;19(1):86-94
BACKGROUND: The improvement in social economic standard of living and aging bring high attention to osteoporosis in women. Many studies have been released so far about how effectively Hormone Replacement Therapy(HRT) in postmenopausal women works for the increase in Bone Mineral Density(BMD) in hip and vertebrae with the different rate of bone formation. In addition, it has been believed that HRT could increase BMD of hip and lumbar vertebrae reduce fractures caused by osteoporosis. In this study, we will find the effect of HRT on the increase in BMD of lumbar vertebrae and hip in postmenopausal women, by measuring and comparing BMD of lumbar vertebrae with high rate of trabecular bone to that of hip with high rate of cortical bone one year after HRT in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Subjects were 48 out of 325 postmenopausal women patients who visited osteoporosis clinic, Sun Hospital, Taejeon, from January, 1995 to December, 1995 and had the osteoporosis test and the vertebrae osteoporosis test one year after. We compared and analyzed the change of BMD in each part by retesting BMD of lumbar vertebrae and hip one year after the continuous HRT in women. SPSS/PC was used for statistical procedure. RESULTS: Subjects have mean age of 54.8+/-4.5 years, mean menopausal age of 48.4+/-3.5 years, mean postmenopause period of 6.5 +/- 5.9 years, mean body mass index 23.4+/-3.1kg/m2, mean weight of 56.7 +/- 7.8kg and mean height of 154715.4cm. No correlation was observed of their age, menopausal age, the number of years since menopause and body mass index to the changing rate of BMD in lumbar vertebrae and femur one year after HRT in women. The BMD prior to treatment was, respectively, as follows , L2-L4(0.8983710.llg/cm2), Hip(neck, 0.7597+/-0.10g/cm2 ; trochanter, 0.6259+/-0.08g/cm2 ; Ward's triangle,0.5186+/-0.90g/cm2), and that one year after treatment ; L2-L4(0.9277+/-0.llg/cm2), Hip(neck,0.7592710.llg/cm2 ; trochanter, 0.63227:0.08g/cm" ; Ward's triangle,0.5340+/-0.09g/cm2). There was significant increase in BMD of lumbar vertebrae and femur Ward's triangle(P<0.01) among BMD of each part one year after HRT, but BMD of femur neck and that of trochanter region has no significant incense. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that one year treatment with HRT in postmenopausal women resulted in significant increase in BMD of not only lumbar vertebrae with lots of trabecular bone but also Ward's triangle regions of femur, regardless of age and postmenopausal period of postmenopausal women at the beginning of treatment. It is considered that HRT may be effective in preventing osteoporotic fractures of lumbar vertebrae and hip on postmenopausal women, and that postmenopausal period would not be an important factor in the beginning of HRT treatment.
Aging
;
Body Mass Index
;
Bone Density*
;
Daejeon
;
Female
;
Femur
;
Femur Neck
;
Hip*
;
Hormone Replacement Therapy*
;
Humans
;
Lumbar Vertebrae
;
Menopause
;
Osteogenesis
;
Osteoporosis
;
Osteoporotic Fractures
;
Postmenopause
;
Socioeconomic Factors
;
Solar System
;
Spine*
2.Clinical Usefulness of SurePath(TM) Liquid-based Cytology in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration: Comparison with the Conventional Smear in Diagnostic Efficacy and Applicability of BRAF Mutation Test.
Wook Youn KIM ; Sang Hwa LEE ; Young Sin KO ; So Dug LIM ; Wan Seop KIM ; Hye Seung HAN ; Hye Sil SEOL ; Seo Young OH ; Won Jin MOON ; Tae Sook HWANG
Korean Journal of Pathology 2011;45(2):188-195
BACKGROUND: Recently, liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been introduced as an alternative to the conventional smear (CS) technique in thyroid fine needle aspiration, due to its diagnostic convenience. METHODS: We assessed 77 cases of thyroid fine needle aspiration using the SurePath(TM) method (SP) as LBC and CS via split-sample techniques. BRAF mutation tests were carried out via polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing immediately after diagnosis or a delay of more than one year. RESULTS: In a comparison between SP and CS, the rate of concordance between SP and CS was as high as 84.4% (kappa value, 0.754). In comparison with histologic diagnosis, the overall sensitivity was 100% for both. The specificity was 62.5% for SP and 56.3% for CS. Relative to CS, papillary carcinomas on SP slides revealed more accentuated nuclear irregularities, nucleoli, and reduced nuclear size. In contrast to CS, the delayed BRAFV600E mutation test using SP slides after 1-2 years failed. The use of new primers amplifying shorter product size could help the delayed test achieve success. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the diagnostic efficacy of SP and CS were negligible. The failure of the delayed BRAF mutation test on the SP slides might be associated with DNA degradation.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle
;
Carcinoma, Papillary
;
DNA
;
Needles
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Thyroid Gland
3.Diffuse pulmonary nodular lesions persisting for 5 years.
Kyung Kyu KIM ; Byung Kyu KIM ; Ki Hwan JEONG ; Hye Cheol JEONG ; Je Hyeong KIM ; Sang Myen PARK ; Sin Hyung LEE ; Chol SHIN ; Jae Youn CHO ; Jae Jeong SHIM ; Kwang Ho IN ; Kyung Ho KANG ; Se Hwa YOO ; Yu Whan OH
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2000;48(5):802-807
Diffuse pulmonary nodular lesions have many causes. When they are caused by infection, the likely organisms are M. tuberculosis and various fungi. Silicosis, eosinophilic granuloma and pulmonary metastasis should be considered for differential diagnosis. Differential diagnosis needs detailed clinical history, physical examination and various laboratory tests. A case of persistent diffuse pulmonary nodular lesions which had persisted 5 years is reported. The patient was a 25 years old man with minimal pulmonary symptoms. Detailed past history and physical examination suggested thyroid tumor. Chest radiography showed numerous evenly sized well-defined nodules scattered in entire lung fields. Previous chest X-rays showed similar nodular lesions, which had lasted for 5 years. The number of nodules was slightly increased. Neck CT showed heterogenous mass in left lobe of thyroid gland and multiple lymphadenopathies along both internal jugular chains. Total thyroidectomy was performed. A case of lung metastasis which progressed slowly in papillary thyroid cancer is reported.
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Eosinophilic Granuloma
;
Fungi
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Neck
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Physical Examination
;
Radiography
;
Silicosis
;
Thorax
;
Thyroid Gland
;
Thyroid Neoplasms
;
Thyroidectomy
;
Tuberculosis
4.Prognostic Implication of Programmed Death-1-Positive Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.
Young Sin KO ; Young Ha OH ; Chan Kum PARK ; Wook Youn KIM ; Hye Seung HAN ; So Dug LIM ; Tae Sook HWANG ; Wan Seop KIM
Korean Journal of Pathology 2011;45(6):573-581
BACKGROUND: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is physiologically expressed by germinal center-associated helper T-cells and has an inhibitory effect on T-cell activity. METHODS: We examined 63 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and determined the number of PD-1-positive helper T-cells in a representative tumor area after immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody against PD-1. The PD-1-positive cells were counted in 3 high-power fields (HPFs; 400x). RESULTS: Patients were divided into 2 groups: one with a high number of PD-1-positive cells (>20/HPF, n=33) and one with a low number of PD-1-positive cells (< or =20/HPF, n=30). The former group showed decreased overall survival, but at a statistically non-significant level (p=0.073). A high number of PD-1-positive cells was more common in patients at an advanced clinical stage and with high international prognostic index score (p=0.025 and p=0.026, respectively). The number of extranodal sites also somewhat correlated with the PD-1 staining status (p=0.071). However, the number of PD-1-positive cells was not associated with patient age, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score. CONCLUSIONS: The high number of PD-1-positive cells might be associated with an unfavorable outcome in DLBCL patients.
B-Lymphocytes
;
Humans
;
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
;
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating
;
Lymphoma
;
Lymphoma, B-Cell
;
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
5.Survival Analyses in Breast Cancer According to Over-expression and Amplification of HER2.
Sin Sun KIM ; Woo Chan PARK ; Dong Ho LEE ; Jeong Soo KIM ; Se Jeong OH ; Byung Joo SONG ; Sang Seol JUNG ; Jeon Hye MYUNG ; Jae Hak LEE
Journal of Breast Cancer 2005;8(2):23-30
PURPOSE: HER2 is a 185-kDa transmembrane protein, which shares a considerable homology with the epidermal growth factor receptor. The over-expression of HER2 has been reported to be associated with a poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. In clinical practice and research studies, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) have commonly been used for the detection of HER2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of HER2 according to the results of IHC and FISH for HER2. METHODS: IHC and FISH were performed on the same breast cancer specimens from 388 Korean patients, with a mean follow-up duration of 59.8 months, with survival analyses were made according to the results of the HER2 detection methods; A0485 Ab (DAKO, Denmark) and the HER2 test kit (DAKO HerceptTest(TM), Denmark) for IHC, and the HER2 FISH kit (Vysis Inc., Downers Grove, Ill) for FISH were used. RESULTS: The IHC showed HER2 over-expression rates of 34.8% and 26.8% by the A0485 antibody and HercepTest, respectively. The rate of HER2 amplification by FISH in the same specimen was 25.8%. HER2 was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analyses regardless of the detection methods. In the survival analyses, according to the IHC results for HER2, only the 3+ scoring group in the positive results was associated with a poor survival. However, the positive group in the FISH test revealed a significantly worse survival than the FISH-negative group. CONCLUSION: For the prediction of survival of patients with breast cancer, the FISH test would be more useful than IHC, especially in the 2+ scoring IHC cases.
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Fluorescence
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Prognosis
;
Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor
;
Survival Analysis*
6.Survival Analyses in Breast Cancer According to Over-expression and Amplification of HER2.
Sin Sun KIM ; Woo Chan PARK ; Dong Ho LEE ; Jeong Soo KIM ; Se Jeong OH ; Byung Joo SONG ; Sang Seol JUNG ; Jeon Hye MYUNG ; Jae Hak LEE
Journal of Breast Cancer 2005;8(2):23-30
PURPOSE: HER2 is a 185-kDa transmembrane protein, which shares a considerable homology with the epidermal growth factor receptor. The over-expression of HER2 has been reported to be associated with a poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. In clinical practice and research studies, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) have commonly been used for the detection of HER2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of HER2 according to the results of IHC and FISH for HER2. METHODS: IHC and FISH were performed on the same breast cancer specimens from 388 Korean patients, with a mean follow-up duration of 59.8 months, with survival analyses were made according to the results of the HER2 detection methods; A0485 Ab (DAKO, Denmark) and the HER2 test kit (DAKO HerceptTest(TM), Denmark) for IHC, and the HER2 FISH kit (Vysis Inc., Downers Grove, Ill) for FISH were used. RESULTS: The IHC showed HER2 over-expression rates of 34.8% and 26.8% by the A0485 antibody and HercepTest, respectively. The rate of HER2 amplification by FISH in the same specimen was 25.8%. HER2 was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analyses regardless of the detection methods. In the survival analyses, according to the IHC results for HER2, only the 3+ scoring group in the positive results was associated with a poor survival. However, the positive group in the FISH test revealed a significantly worse survival than the FISH-negative group. CONCLUSION: For the prediction of survival of patients with breast cancer, the FISH test would be more useful than IHC, especially in the 2+ scoring IHC cases.
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Fluorescence
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Prognosis
;
Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor
;
Survival Analysis*
7.A Case of Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Consisting of One Encapsulated Follicular Variant with BRAF K601E Mutation and Three Conventional Types with BRAF V600E Mutation.
Wook Youn KIM ; Young Sin KO ; Tae Sook HWANG ; Hye Seung HAN ; So Dug LIM ; Wan Seop KIM ; Seo Young OH
Korean Journal of Pathology 2013;47(3):293-298
Multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC) comprises about 20-30% of PTC. In mPTC, individual tumor foci can be identical or frequently composed of different histological types including follicular, solid, tall-cell or conventional patterns. We report a case of mPTC consisting of one encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) and three conventional PTCs in a 44-year-old woman. This case genetically demonstrates unique features including the simultaneous presence of the BRAF V600E (T1799A) mutation and the BRAF K601E (A1801G) mutation in conventional PTC and FVPTC, respectively.
Carcinoma
;
Carcinoma, Papillary
;
Factor IX
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Thyroid Gland
;
Thyroid Neoplasms
8.Novel glutathione-containing dry-yeast extracts inhibit eosinophilia and mucus overproduction in a murine model of asthma.
Yun Ho KIM ; Yean Jung CHOI ; Eun Jung LEE ; Min Kyung KANG ; Sin Hye PARK ; Dong Yeon KIM ; Hyeongjoo OH ; Sang Jae PARK ; Young Hee KANG
Nutrition Research and Practice 2017;11(6):461-469
BACKGROUND/OBSECTIVE: Airway inflammation by eosinophils, neutrophils and alveolar macrophages is a characteristic feature of asthma that leads to pathological subepithelial thickening and remodeling. Our previous study showed that oxidative stress in airways resulted in eosinophilia and epithelial apoptosis. The current study investigated whether glutathione-containing dry yeast extract (dry-YE) ameliorated eosinophilia, goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus overproduction. MATERIALS/METHOD: This study employed 2 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or 20 ng/mL eotaxin-1-exposed human bronchial epithelial cells and ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged mice. Dry-YE employed in this study contained a significant amount of glutathione (140 mg in 100 g dry yeast). RESULTS: Human bronchial epithelial cell eotaxin-1 and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) were markedly induced by the endotoxin LPS, which was dose-dependently attenuated by nontoxic dry-YE at 10-50 µg/mL. Moreover, dry-YE inhibited the MUC5AC induction enhanced by eotaxin-1, indicating that eotaxin-1-mediated eosinophilia may prompt the MUC5AC induction. Oral supplementation with 10-100 mg/kg dry-YE inhibited inflammatory cell accumulation in airway subepithelial regions with a reduction of lung tissue level of intracellular adhesion molecule-1. In addition, ≥ 50 mg/kg dry-YE diminished the lung tissue levels of eotaxin-1, eosinophil major basic protein and MUC5AC in OVA-exposed mice. Alcian blue/periodic acid schiff staining revealed that the dry-YE supplementation inhibited goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus overproduction in the trachea and bronchiolar airways of OVA-challenged mice. CONCLUSIONS: Oxidative stress may be involved in the induction of eotaxin-1 and MUC5AC by endotoxin episode and OVA challenge. Dry-YE effectively ameliorated oxidative stress-responsive epithelial eosinophilia and mucus-secreting goblet cell hyperplasia in cellular and murine models of asthma.
Animals
;
Apoptosis
;
Asthma*
;
Chemokine CCL11
;
Eosinophil Major Basic Protein
;
Eosinophilia*
;
Eosinophils
;
Epithelial Cells
;
Glutathione
;
Goblet Cells
;
Humans
;
Hyperplasia
;
Inflammation
;
Lung
;
Macrophages, Alveolar
;
Mice
;
Mucin 5AC
;
Mucins
;
Mucus*
;
Neutrophils
;
Ovalbumin
;
Ovum
;
Oxidative Stress
;
Trachea
;
Yeasts
9.Prognostic Value of p53 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ( PCNA ) in Stage 3 Gastric Carcinoma.
Hyung Tae OH ; Duk Su LEE ; Dong Ho HAN ; Sang Young KIM ; Byung Yi AHN ; Min Chul KIM ; Myung Jin JOO ; Kwang Min LEE ; Woo Young KIM ; Sung Hye SIN
Journal of the Korean Cancer Association 1998;30(1):31-39
PURPOSE: We evaluated the prognostic significance of p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in stage III gastric carcinoma to determine the correlation between the p53 and PCNA expression and various clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of p53 and PCNA were studied immunohistochemically in 64 cases of stage III gastric carcinomas with paraffin-embedded tissue specimens which were obtained surgically at the department of surgery, Presbyterian Medical Center from 1991 to 1992. Both expression were compared with known factors of prognosis. Survival rate and other clinicopathological parameters were analysed. RESULTS: Expression rates of p53 and high PCNA group were 40.6% and 26.6%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the p53 and PCNA expression and various clinicopathological variables such as age, sex, stage, histology, tumor depth, number of metastatic node, tumor size, site and method of operation. To analyse survival, we evaluated overall survival according to the extent of p53 and PCNA expression. No significant correlations between the p53 and PCNA expression and overall survival were found. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the p53 and PCNA expression seems to be hard to use as a prognostic indicator in stage III gastric carcinoma.
Prognosis
;
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*
;
Protestantism
;
Survival Rate
10.Isolation of High Purity Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Depleting Macrophages Using Liposomal Clodronate
Ju Han SONG ; Jung-Woo KIM ; Mi Nam LEE ; Sin-Hye OH ; Xianyu PIAO ; Zhao WANG ; Seung-Hee KWON ; Ok-Su KIM ; Jeong-Tae KOH
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2022;19(3):565-575
BACKGROUND:
The use of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs) represents a promising strategy for performing preclinical studies in the field of cell-based regenerative medicine; however, mBMSCs obtained via conventional isolation methods have two drawbacks, i.e., (i) they are heterogeneous due to frequent macrophage contamination, and (ii) they require long-term culturing for expansion.
METHODS:
In the present study, we report a novel strategy to generate highly pure mBMSCs using liposomal clodronate.This approach is based on the properties of the two cell populations, i.e., BMSCs (to adhere to the plasticware in culture dishes) and macrophages (to phagocytose liposomes).
RESULTS:
Liposomal clodronate added during the first passage of whole bone marrow culture was selectively engulfed by macrophages in the heterogeneous cell population, resulting in their effective elimination without affecting the MSCs.This method allowed the generation of numerous high-purity Sca-1 + CD44 + F4/80 - mBMSCs ([ 95%) with just one passaging. Comparative studies with mBMSCs obtained using conventional methods revealed that the mBMSCs obtained in the present study had remarkably improved experimental utilities, as demonstrated by in vitro multilineage differentiation and in vivo ectopic bone formation assays.
CONCLUSION
Our newly developed method, which enables the isolation of mBMSCs using simple and convenient protocol, will aid preclinical studies based on the use of MSCs.