This study examined the effects of a brown rice vegetarian diet and outdoor walking exercise program on body composition and blood lipid parameters in collegians. The mean age of respondents was 21.8 yrs (males) and 21.7 yrs (females). During the ten-day program, the respondents lived in a dormitory and had three meals. The respondents exercised one hour in the morning (6:20~7:20 am) and attended one and a half hour evening lecture (7:00~8:30 pm) everyday. The brown rice vegetarian diet consisted of brown rice, whole grain bread, beans, fresh vegetables, and fresh fruits contained 2043.2+/-112.7 kcal (97.3% of RNI), 66.7 g protein (133.3% of RNI), 33.6 g dietary fiber (168.2% of RNI), vitamin A (194.2% of RNI), vitamin B1 (245.5% of RNI), vitamin B2 (225.1% of RNI), niacin (233.7% of RNI), vitamin B6 (277.1% of RNI), folic acid (128.4% of RNI), vitamin C (334.6% of RNI), iron (131.9% of RNI), zinc (112.4% of RNI) and calcium (60.3% of RNI). The results showed that there were significant increases in body weight (P<0.05) and BMI (P<0.05) in males and body weight (P<0.05) and lean body mass (P<0.01) in females. In addition, there were significant decreases in total cholesterol (P<0.001), LDL cholesterol (P<0.001), TG (P<0.05), and HDL-cholesterol (P<0.001) in males and total cholesterol (P<0.01) and LDL-cholesterol (P<0.01) in female. The ten day brown rice vegetarian diet rich in fiber and outdoor walking exercise program significantly increased body weight and decreased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in collegians.
Ascorbic Acid ; Body Composition ; Body Weight ; Bread ; Calcium ; Edible Grain ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Diet, Vegan ; Dietary Fiber ; Fabaceae ; Female ; Folic Acid ; Fruit ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Meals ; Niacin ; Riboflavin ; Thiamine ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin B 6 ; Walking ; Zinc

Congenital M llerian anomalies of uterus are so infrequently encountered and endometriosis, primary infertility, hematometra, and urinary tract anomalies are claimed to be common complaints in women with unicornuate uterus. We report one case of rudimentary horn associated with agenesis of right kidney and pelvic endometriosis which is presented with brief review of literature about anomaly of the female genital tract.
Animals ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Hematometra ; Horns* ; Humans ; Infertility ; Kidney* ; Urinary Tract ; Uterus

A simple, rapid and selective liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is developed and validated for quantification of venlafaxine in human plasma with simple liquid-liquid extraction step consisted of extraction with ether and dichloromethane for 10 min and mixing with 1 M sodium acetate in human plasma using fluoxetine as an internal standard (IS). The analyte are separated using an isocratic mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium formate (4/3, v/v) on a isocratic YMC hydrosphere C18 (2.0x50.0 mm, 3.0 microm) column and analyzed by MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the transitions of respective [M+H](+) ions, m/z 278.2-->260.3 and m/z 310.1-->148.1 for quantification of venlafaxine and IS, respectively. The standard calibration curves showed good linearity within the range of 1.0-200.0 ng/mL (r2=0.9986, 1/chi2 weighting). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.0 ng/mL. The retention times of venlafaxine and IS were 0.6 min and 0.7 min that means the potential for the high-throughput potential of the proposed method. In addition, no significant metabolic compounds were found to interfere with the analysis. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for the concentrations over the standard curve range. The validated method was successfully applied to bioequivalence study after 75-mg of venlafaxine sustained-release (SR) capsule in 24 healthy Korean subjects.
Ammonium Compounds ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Ether ; Fluoxetine ; Humans ; Ions ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction ; Methylene Chloride ; Pharmacokinetics ; Plasma* ; Sodium Acetate ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Therapeutic Equivalency* ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

As extensive as the concept of and the resources required for ‘Health for Korean Unification’ are, and due to the limited access to information on the state of health and medical care in North Korea, discussion on ‘Health for Korean Unification’ has tended to be intermittent and lacked concrete action plans. In this article, we specifically distinguished areas of cooperation and selected five executable agenda that meet the goals of international development cooperation: 1) Health security; 2) Easing the burden of major diseases; 3) Resilient healthcare system; 4) R&D cooperation; 5) Sustainable cooperation system. Then we provided corresponding strategic priorities and operative directions, in consideration of future military and political sanctions against North Korea. The strategies we outline are sustainable, preemptive for problems that might affect lives of South and North Korean citizens, and satisfy the unmet needs of the North Korean health system. Throughout the process, we utilized a special platform, the ‘Korean Peninsula Healthcare Cooperation Platform,’ designed to enable continual communication across sectors engaged in public health and medical care. By doing so, we take the first step to actually carry out the 'Health for Korean Unification,’ which tended to have remained on the discussion agenda.

Diabetes mellitus has approached to us as a social epidemic in Korea. The prevalence of diabetes in Korea has increased five to six-fold from 1.5% to 7~9% during the past 30 years. This increasing rate is remarkably high in comparison with those of developed countries such as the USA- doubled during the past 30 years. In addition, diabetic complication is very common in Korean diabetic patients. For example, a total of 70.5% among new patients who were started with renal replacement therapy had diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, diabetes-related mortality has rapidly increased over the last 20 years. The age-sex adjusted mortality rate of diabetic patients was about three-fold higher than those of general population. As a result, medical cost of diabetes mellitus covered by the national health insurance corporation was 3.2 trillion won and accounted for 19.2% of all medical costs. On the other hand, the rate of awareness and treatment in diabetic patients has improved from 1998 to 2005. However, the proportion of adequate glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%) among the treated diabetic patients was only 40%. The comprehensive and integrated health intervention including public approach is urgently needed to control the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its related undesirable outcomes.
Developed Countries ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; National Health Programs ; Prevalence ; Renal Replacement Therapy

Diabetes mellitus is an epidemic worldwide. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes has risen rapidly over the past two decades, from an estimated 30 million cases in 1985 to 177 million in 2000. Especially, the prevalence of diabetes in Korea has explosively increased six to sevenfold from 1.5% to almost 10% during the past 30 years. Furthermore, diabetic patients in Korea suffered from various diabetic complications and diabetes-related mortality has rapidly increased over the last decades. However, the current status of diabetes management was not good. According to an analysis of Korean National Health Insurance Database on Diabetes (2003), only 53% of diabetic patients visited clinics for diabetes management. The proportion of diabetic patients with optimally controlled glycemia (HbA1c<7%), blood pressure (<130/80 mmHg) and dyslipidema (LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dL) were only 40%, 19% and 38%, respectively. If the current trend continues, diabetes would be a disaster in Korea, leading to a greater loss of human and financial resources. To reduce this harmful epidemic, comprehensive and improved public health strategies should be implemented
Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Disasters ; Humans ; Korea ; National Health Programs ; Prevalence ; Public Health

No abstract available.
Lingual Thyroid*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to investigate the level of self-care and related factors such as perceived health status, family support, stress related to diabetes mellitus, self-efficacy, depression, situational influence and glycemic control level in young and middle adulthood patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: For this study, data were collected and individual interviews were conducted from June 1 to July 16, 2012, with 149 young and middle adulthood patients with type 2 diabetes at Korea University Anam Hospital. RESULTS: The mean score of self-care evaluated in terms of dietary control, medication administration, physical exercise, self-monitoring of blood glucose and general healthcare was 63.68 points (20 to 100). The mean scores of various factors related to self-care were as follows: The mean score of perceived health status was 8.90 points (3 to 15), family support was 37.75 points (12 to 48), stress related to diabetes mellitus was 44.61 points (17 to 85), self-efficacy was 26.06 points (10 to 40),depression was 10.19 points (0 to 63) and situational influence was 10.89 points (6 to 24). The most important factors related to self-care were predicted as 45% by self-efficacy and 48% added situational influence. According to age, the most important factors related to self-care were predicted as 77% by self-efficacy in the 20 to 29 age group, 52% by stress related to diabetes mellitus in the 30~39 age group, and 43% by self-efficacy in the 40 to 49 age group. CONCLUSION: To improve self-care of young and middle adulthood patients with type 2 diabetes, it is necessary to develop nursing intervention that is useful in strengthening self-efficacy, situational influence and stress related to diabetes.
Blood Glucose ; Delivery of Health Care ; Depression ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Exercise ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing ; Self Care*

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections, and use of vancomycin for the treatment of MRSA infection has increased. Unfortunately, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus have been reported, as well as vancomycin-resistant S. aureus. Arbekacin is an antibacterial agent and belongs to the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics. It was introduced to treat MRSA infection. We studied the clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of arbekacin compared to vancomycin in the treatment of infections caused by MRSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study of patients who were admitted to tertiary Hospital from January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2010, and received the antibiotics arbekacin or vancomycin. All the skin and soft tissue MRSA infected patients who received arbekacin or vancomycin were enrolled during the study period. The bacteriological efficacy response (BER) was classified with improved and failure. The improved BER was defined as no growth of MRSA, where failure was defined as growth of MRSA, culture at the end of therapy or during treatment. Clinical efficacy response (CER) was classified as improved and failure. Improved CER was defined as resolution or reduction of the majority of signs and symptoms related to the original infection. Failure was defined as no resolution and no reduction of majority of the signs and symptoms, or worsening of one or more signs and symptoms, or new symptoms or signs associated with the original infection or a new infection. RESULTS: Totally, 122 patients (63/99 in arbekacin, 59/168 in vancomycin group) with skin and soft tissue infection who recieved arbekacin or vancomcyin at least 4 days were enrolled and analysed. The bacteriological efficacy response [improved, arbekacin vs vancomycin; 73.0% (46/63), 95% confidence interval (CI) 60.3 to 83.4% vs 83.1% (49/59), 95% CI 71.0 to 91.6%] and clinical efficacy response [improved, arbekacin vs vancomycin; 67.2% (41/61), 95% CI 52.0 to 76.7% vs 78.0% (46/59), 95% CI 65.3 to 87.7%] were similar between the two groups (P=0.264, 0.265). The complication rate was significantly higher in the vancomycin group [29/59(49.2%), 95% CI 35.9 to 62.5%] than arbekacin [10/63(15.9%), 95% CI 8.4 to 29.0%] (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Arbekacin could be considered as an alternative antibiotics for vancomycin in skin and soft tissue infection with MRSA. However, further prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm this finding.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross Infection ; Dibekacin ; Enterococcus ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Vancomycin