Prolapse of bladder through vesico-vaginal fistula is quite a rare urological problem. A 38-year-old woman was admitted to the Woo Sok University Hospital with a baby head sized round mass attached to the vagina. Patient had a prolapse of uterus after having her second child birth about 10 years ago and cauterization with corrosives for the treatment of prolapse of uterus was undergone for two times. About one year prior to the admission, the prolapse of uterus recurred and cauterization with corrosives was tried again, resulting vesico-vaginal fistula through which the bladder was everted and prolapsed. Under the general anesthesia, the everted and prolapsed bladder was reduced manually in normal position and vesico-vaginal fistulectomy was performed with good result.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Caustics ; Cautery ; Child ; Female ; Fistula* ; Head ; Humans ; Parturition ; Prolapse* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Uterus ; Vagina ; Vesicovaginal Fistula

Urethral stricture usually follows the urethral rupture and periodical urethral soundation, which is an annoying procedure for. patients, is the usual method of treatment throughout their life. A case of urethral stricture who was successfully treated with modified Cecil's Operation, is presented.
Humans ; Rupture ; Urethral Stricture*

We had experienced 2 cases of acute subdural hematoma due to vitaimin K(vit. K) deficiency. They were 44-and 42-day-old. After the adminstration of vit.K1, prolonged prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) were corrected, so the surgical treatment ws performed. We supposed the predisposing factors were breast feeding and unknown hepatic pathology. No complication remained to one infant but the other multiple cerebral infarctions. The etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention are discussed. We insist on neonatal administration of vit. K1 for the prevention of bleeding tendency. If intracranial hemorrhage develops, we must keep in mind that the early neurosurgical intervention may be needed.
Breast Feeding ; Causality ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Pathology ; Prothrombin ; Prothrombin Time ; Thromboplastin ; Vitamin K Deficiency ; Vitamins*

A retrospective review was performed in 33 knees of 30 patients who had undergone arthroscopic debridement for degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee. The mean age of the patients at operation was 55 years and the mean follow-up after operation was 15 months. We divided the knec:s into 2 groups; meniscectomy group (23 knees) and non-meniscectomy group (10 knees). The preoperative radiographic findings were divided into 3 groups according to the classification systern by Lotke et al. The postoperative results were evaluated using the nine-point scale by Baumgaertner et al. Our study was conducted to: 1) assess the overall efficacy of arthroscopic debridement, 2) compare the results between the. Meniscectomy group and nonmeniscectomy group, and 3) identify the relationship between the preoperative radiographic findings and out- come at the final follow-up time. Overall excellent or good results were ac.hieved in 22 knees (67%) and the preoperative radiographic findings correlated with the outcome at the final follow-up time. But the results in the meniscectomy and non-meniscectomy poups showed no significant differences statistically. We believe that arthroscopic debridement is an effective option of treatments for mild I:o moderate degenerative arthritis of the knee after failure of conservative measures.
Classification ; Debridement* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Retrospective Studies

In accidents, the spines are generally subjected to one of five types of violence; pure flexion, flexion and rotation, extention, vertical compression, or direct shearing force by Holdsworth's report. Flexion and rotational violence, so-called, unstable rotational fracture-dislocation results in paraplegia commonly. The treatment of the fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spine had varied widely during the past 100 years, including conservative and operative treatment, but there is no definitive study that convincingly show the superiority of either operative or nonoperative treatment till now. Ten cases of the unstable thoracolumbar vertebral fracture or fracture-dislocations during the past two years were reported in this paper. In unstable types on the thoracolumbar vertebral fracture or fracture-dislocations, direct blow was the most common cause of injury and the thoracolumbar junction extending from T10 to L1 was the most common location of injury in this report. Three among four paraplegic patients were received flexion and rotational violence and the remaining one, direct shearing force. All four paraplegic parients were operated. Among them two cases, the one who was performed open reduction and simple wire fixation and the other open reduction and Harrington instrumentation, recovered almost completely except mild motor weakness of lower extremities. All cases complained of remaining back pain more or less without relation to the method of treatment.
Back Pain ; Clinical Study ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Methods ; Paraplegia ; Spine ; Violence

We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

We describe a case of xanthoma on the corneoscleral limbus in a 21-year-old man. It was characterized by a localized, round, elevated, yellowish mass on the right superonasal limbus with 6mm in size. There was no correlation with systemic or metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia and the microscopic examination revealed scanty fibrous element.
Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Metabolic Diseases ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

Medpor, the high density porous polyethylene, which permits rapid ingrowth of both soft tissues and vasculatures, is highly stable but somewhat flexible and is also easy to shape. So it has been often used for plastic and reconstructive surgeries including facial bone fractures, as well as orbital wall fractures. The authors investigated sex and age distribution, causes of injury, combined ocular injuries, and fracture sites of 45 blow-out fractures. And 27 orbital reconstructions was performed by using 0. 85mm thickness Medpor within 2 weeks after injury, if possible. During post-operative follow up, the preoperative diplopia was resolved or decreased in all cases, but the enophthalmos was not completely resolved. Much researches will be needed for choice of Medpor`s thickness or operation methods, and long term stability shoud be approved through further follow up.
Age Distribution ; Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Facial Bones ; Follow-Up Studies ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures* ; Plastics ; Polyethylene

The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) was observed in 194 infants admitted in our nursery room, who had birthweighs less than 2000 gm, or who had gestational ages less than 37 weeks and received supplemental oxygen therapy. To minimize the multiple correlation of birthweights and gestational ages with other possible risk factors of ROP, we selected a control group of normal infants whose birthweights or gestational ages were similar to ROP group, and then other risk factors were analyzed statisticully through a case-control study. Among 194 infants, 41 infants(21%) were diagnosed as ROP. The incidence of ROP was 48%(24/50) in infants with birthweights less than 1500 gm , 41%(28/68) in infants with gestational ages less than 32 weeks(p<0.001). In the case-control study, there were statistically significant differences in the duration of oxygen therapy and the maximal oxygen concentration betweenROP and control group, and long duration(>or=5 days) ahd high concentration(>or=40%) were highly associated with ROP(p<0.01). Other statistically significant risk factors included mechanical ventilation duration, 5 minutes Apgar score, apnea of prematurity, blood transfusion, anemia, asphyxia neonatorum, respiratory distress syndrome, xanthine administration, and parity, cesarean section, pregnancy induced hypertension in mother's factors(p<0.05).
Anemia ; Apgar Score ; Apnea ; Asphyxia Neonatorum ; Blood Transfusion ; Case-Control Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Incidence* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Nurseries ; Oxygen ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retinopathy of Prematurity* ; Risk Factors* ; Xanthine

PURPOSE: It has been reported that neovascularization of the optic disc (NVD) occurs in ocular ischemic syndrome, sickle cell hemoglobinopathy, ocular sarcoidosis, Eales' disease, and central retinal artery occlusion. However, NVD in acute ophthalmic artery occlusion had not been reported. Therefore, we report one unusual case of NVD in acute ophthalmic artery obstruction. METHODS: A 56 year-old man with complaint of abrupt decrease of visual acuity and periorbital discomfort underwent medical history taking, periorbital examination, fundus examination, and fluorescein angiography. He was followed up for 5 months RESULTS: Fundus examination showed segmentation of blood flow and diffuse retinal whitish opacity on the posterior pole around the center of the macula, without any cherry red spots in the perifoveal area. Fluorescein angiography showed a marked filling delay in the nasal retinal and choroidal circulations with a definite watershed zone involving the peripapillary choroid and macula. The retinal arteries filling and arteriovenous transit time were delayed. There was no light-perception vision and low intraocular pressure. Diabetes was found on systemic examination. Five weeks later, NVD and choroidal atrophy around the optic disc were detected. Panretinal photocoagulation was performed for the regression of NVD. NVD was regressed, but recurred.
Atrophy ; Choroid ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hemoglobinopathies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Light Coagulation ; Medical History Taking ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Artery* ; Prunus ; Retinal Artery ; Retinal Artery Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Sarcoidosis ; Visual Acuity