Objective To explore the dynamic changes of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in serum of rats with temporal epilepsy (EP) induced by kainic acid (KA) and to judge the degree of injury of brain neuron and nerve myelin after seizure.Methods KA was injected into rat's hippocampus by stereotactic operation to establish an animal model of temporal EP.The levels of NSE and MBP in serum of rats with temporal EP were measured at the time 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after seizure.Results The level of NSE in serum increased gradually and reached its peak at 24 h after seizure, as well as MBP at 72 h.Conclusions There are the nerve cell damage and necrosis after seizure in rats with temporal EP, then brain white matter nerve myelin appear to damage.

BACKGROUND: Intra-articular injection of hormone has been applied in the treatment of arthritis because it can alleviate arthralgia rapidly, which is accompanied commonly by progressive cartilage impairments. It is not clear if supplement of growth factor like insulin effect can play a protective role in articular chondrocytes.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of insulin or hydrocortisone alone and the combination on the proliferation of chondrocytes.DESIGN: Grouping comparative study, the effect of one medicine was analyzed by using one-factor analysis of variance, while the combined effect was analyzed with multi-factor analysis of variance.SETTING: Guangdong Institute of Trauma Sugery.MATERIALS: Articular cartilage from the knees of New Zealand white rabbits of 4 - 6 weeks old.METHODS: This study was carried out at Guangzhou Traumatic Research Institute from Feberary 2000 to May 2001. Chondrocytes were isolated from the knee joints of New Zealand white rabbits, digested with hyaluronidase,pancreatin and type Ⅱ collagenase and exposed to insulin, hydrocortisone or the combination of insulin and hydrocortisone of different dosage. They were divided into four groups:Control group ( without adding insulin and hydrocortisone), insulin group (0. 035,0. 35,3.5,35 mg/L subgroups), hydrocortisone group(1,5,10,50,100 mg/L subgroups) and insulin(0. 35 mg/L) combined with hydrocortisone(50 mg/L) group. Their influence on chondrocytes proliferation was observed with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) method.sulin.at the concentration of 0. 035 mg/L( P ＜ 0.01 ), reaching the maximum at could inhibit the proliferation of chondrocytes ( P ＜ 0.05 ), which became significant with increasing concentration and no viable chondrocytes could be exposed to 0 . 35 mg/L insulin combined with 50 mg/L hydrocortisone, the promoting effect of insulin was inhibited due to negative cooperation.CONCLUSION: Insulin at low concentration could enhance the proliferation of chondrocytes, but hydrocortisone displayed inhibiting effect on the growth of chondrocytes. The function of insulin was antagonized when combined with hydrocortisone.

With the deepening of the reform of public hospitals at the county level,as well as the development of medical technology personnel training and medical technology development in county hospitals,county hospitals should be able to make use of the latest technology to undertake the common diseases and frequently occurring diseases of county residents.So at present,the teaching hospitals affiliated to medical universities should carry out the short-term training of the latest special techniques in the training of the regular doctors.Department of Urology of the first Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,in the 3 month training cycle,with improving the self-learning ability of the refresher doctors as the core,carried out the hand by hand teaching of small classes and introducing model teaching,which achieved good results.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a needle knife in treating knee meniscus injury. Methods One hundred patients with knee meniscus injury (112 knee joints) were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 50 cases each. The treatment group received needle knife therapy and the control group, an injection of sodium hyaluronate injectio into knee joint cavity. The main clinical symptoms and signs around the knee joint were observed and the knee function score was recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. the clinical therapeutic effects were evaluated in the two groups. Results There were statistically significant differences in pre-/post-treatment main clinical symptom and sign index (pain score, swelling score, activity score and tenderness index score) difference values between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the main clinical symptom and sign index difference values at follow-up compared with before treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant differences in the knee function score after treatment and at follow-up compared with before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There was a statistically significant differences in the knee function score between the treatment and control groups after treatment and at follow-up (P<0.05). Post-treatment excellence rate and total efficacy rate were 94.0%and 100.0%, respectively, in the treatment group and 72.0%and 98.0%, respectively, in the control group. There was a statistically significant differences in post-treatment excellence rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Follow-up excellence rate and total efficacy rate were 96.0% and 100.0%, respectively, in the treatment group and 76.0% and 98.0%, respectively, in the control group. There was a statistically significant differences in follow-up excellence rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Needle knife therapy is an effective way to treat knee meniscus injury.

To investigate the effects of 2-(4-methoxycarbonyl-2-tetradecyloxyphenyl)carbamoylbenzoic acid (CX09040) on protecting pancreatic β cells, the β cell dysfunction model mice were induced by injection of alloxan into the caudal vein of ICR mice, and were treated with compound CX09040. Liraglutide was used as the positive control drug. The amount and the size of islets observed in pathological sections were calculated to evaluate the β cell mass; the glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test was applied to estimate the β cell secretary function; the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was taken to observe the glucose metabolism in mice; the expressions of protein in pancreas were detected by Western blotting. The effects on the target protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) were assessed by the PTP1B activities of both recombinant protein and the intracellular enzyme, and by the PTP1B expression in the pancreas of mice, separately. As the results, with the treatment of CX09040 in alloxan-induced β cell dysfunction mice, the islet amount (P<0.05) and size (P<0.05) increased significantly, the changes of serum insulin in GSIS (P<0.01) and the values of acute insulin response (AIR, P<0.01) were enhanced, compared to those in model group; the impaired glucose tolerance was also ameliorated by CX09040 with the decrease of the values of area under curve (AUC, P<0.01). The activation of the signaling pathways related to β cell proliferation was enhanced by increasing the levels of p-Akt/Akt (P<0.01), p-FoxO1/FoxOl (P<0.001) and PDX-1 (P<0.01). The effects of CX09040 on PTP1B were observed by inhibiting the recombinant hPTP1B activity with IC50 value of 2.78x 10(-7) mol.L-1, reducing the intracellular PTP1B activity of 72.8% (P<0.001), suppressing the PTP1B expression (P<0.001) and up-regulating p-IRβ/IRβ (P<0.01) in pancreas of the β cell dysfunction mice, separately. In conclusion, compound CX09040 showed significant protection effects against the dysfunction of β cell of mice by enlarging the pancreatic β cell mass and increasing the glucose-induced insulin secretion; its major mechanism may be the inhibition on target PTP1B and the succedent up-regulation of β cell proliferation.

ObjectiveTo observe andanalyze the clinical efficacy of needle knife treatment for knee meniscus injury from improving knee biomechanical balance and to provide a therapeutic basis and method for clinical practice.MethodOne hundred patients (112 knees) with knee meniscus injury meeting the inclusion criteria were allocated, in order of visits, to observation and control groups, 50 cases each. They were treated with a needle knife and an injection of sodium hyaluronate injectio into knee joint cavity, respectively. Changes in the indices were observed and assessed in the two groups by recording the plantar pressure analysis score and the knee function score before and after treatment and at follow-up. The clinical therapeutic effects were evaluated in the two groups.ResultThemaximum load, time integral difference value and load ratio around the knee joint decreased significantly in both observation and control groups after treatment and at follow-up (P<0.05). The regulating effect on knee joint force balance was better in theneedle knife group than in the control group (P<0.05). The improving effect on knee joint function was significantly better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.01). The excellence rate was significantly higher in the observation groupthan in the control group after treatment and at follow-up (P<0.05).ConclusionNeedle knife treatment restores the function of the knee joint by loosing focal soft tissues around the knee joint, improving knee joint load imbalance and correcting the mechanical equilibrium around the knee joint in patient with knee meniscus injury. It has a definite curative effect on the disease.

OBJECTIVETo culture fibroblast cells from the knee ligaments and to study the biological characteristics of these cells.

METHODSCells of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL) from New Zealand white rabbit were cultured in vitro. Cellular growth and expression of the collagen were analyzed. Moreover, an in vitro wound closure model was established and the healing of the ACL and the MCL cells was compared.

RESULTSMaximal growth for all these cells were obtained with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, but RPMI 1640 and Ham's F12 media were not suitable to maintain these cells. Morphology of both ACL and MCL cells from New Zealand white rabbit was alike in vitro, but the MCL cells grew faster than the ACL cells. Both cell types produced similar amount of collagen in culture, but the ratio of collage type I to type III produced by ACL cells was higher than that produced by MCL cells. Wound closure assay showed that at 36 hours after injury, cell-free zones created in the ACL cultures were occupied partially by the ACL cells; in contrast, the wounded zone in the MCL cultures was almost completely covered by the cells.

CONCLUSIONSAlthough the ACL cells and the MCL cells from New Zealand white rabbit show similar appearance in morphology in culture, the cellular growth and the biochemical synthesis of collagen as well as the healing in vitro were significantly different. These differences in intrinsic properties of the two types of cells in vitro might contribute to the differential healing potentials of these ligaments in vivo.

Animals ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; cytology ; Cell Division ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Collateral Ligaments ; cytology ; Culture Media ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; physiology ; Male ; Rabbits ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To establish a method for measuring blood phosphatidylethanol by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS), which can be applied for objective and quantitative of alcohol intake.Methods Whole blood samples were treated with isopropanol to precipitate protein,and phosphopropanol(16:0/16:0)was used as the standard.After centrifugation, the supernatants were transferred and evaporated under a stream of nitrogen until dryness.Then the residuals were analyzed by LC-MS/MS.Various methodological parameters, including linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation(LOQ), recovery, and precision, were investigated.Finally, blood samples from 40 Chinese individuals with more than one year of regular drinking habits were analyzed, and distributions of phosphatidylethanol were evaluated.Results The correlation coefficients were higher than 0.9992.The LOD and LOQ were lower than 0.74 and 2.48 ng/ml, respectively.The inter-and total assay coefficient of variations were 0.77%-3.18% and 2.30%-6.95%, respectively, with recoveries ranged from 96.88% to 102.99%.The relationship between phosphatidylethanol level and self-reported alcohol consumption was significantly and positively correlated(r =0.769, P <0.001).Furthermore, Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed a significant difference in total phosphatidylethanol levels among individuals with different levels of alcohol intake(χ2=18.850,P<0.001).Conclusions An LC-MS/MS method for whole blood phosphatidylethanol detection has been developed.This method is simple,sensitive and accurate and can effectively reflect light,moderate and heavy alcohol intake.The method will be applied to the assessment of alcohol consumption and its association with the risks of drinking related diseases.

Objective To study the effects of Yoga breathing exercise on heart function and quality of life of patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease. Methods From January 2012 to May 2014 in Guangyuan Third People′s Hospital, 86 cases with chronic pulmonary heart disease were enrolled for the study and randomly divided into observation group (n=43) and control group (n=43) by adopting the method of random number table. Cases in the control group were given routine treatment and care. Based on it, patients in the observation group were given Yoga breathing exercise. The heart and lung function and the scores of WHOQOL-BREF were compared between two groups before and after 6 months treatment. Results After treatment, the pulmonary function indices included vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the ratio of FEV1 of forced vital capacity ( FEV1/FVC) , maximal mid-expiratory flow curve ( MMEF) and peak expiratory flow ( PEF) in the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group after treatment ( t=5. 063, 6. 556, 7. 075, 2. 672, 2. 527; P<0. 05). The heart function indices included walk test in 6 min, blood brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), pulmonary artery systolic pressure ( PASP) in the observation group were significantly better than that of the control group after treatment (t=5. 586, 17. 342, 5. 236, 6. 511; P <0. 05). After intervention, the scores of patients′ physiologic, mental, social and environmental area in the observation group were apparently higher than these of the control group (t=4. 698, 6. 477, 3. 311, 3. 407;P<0. 05). Conclusions Yoga breathing exercise can improve heart function and overall quality of life in patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease by improving alveolar ventilation and ventilation efficiency, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To explore the effect of water extracts from Semen Astragali Complanati (Flatstem Milkvetch Seed,hereinafter“SAC”)on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia model rats with kidney-yang deficiency pattern,so as to try to discover the mechanism.Methods Female 10-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into six groups (each n =10):normal group,model group,estrogen group,SAC low-dose group,SAC mid-dose group and SAC high-dose group.The rat model was induced by bilateral ovariectomization combined with high-fat diet feeding.And rats of normal group and model group were in-tragastrically (i.g.)administered with saline,those of estrogen group were i.g.with estradiol valerate (0.2 mg/kg),and three SAC groups were i.g.with SAC extract at the dose of 34,68 and 136 mg/kg for consecutive 8 weeks.The body weight of rats were recorded,serum TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C were measured and serum E2 ,FSH and estrogen receptors (ERα,ERβ)mRNA in liver tissue were de-tected.Results Compared with the normal group,the body weight of rats of model group increased sig-nificantly after three weeks’high-fat feeding (P <0.001 );from Week 5 the level of total cholesterol (TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)increased significantly (P <0.001 or P <0.01), and from Week 7 triglyceride(TG)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)also did (P <0.001 or P <0.05);serum E2 significantly decreased (P <0.01),and follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)in-creased (P <0.05),the expression of ER-αmRNA in liver significantly decreased(P <0.05).High dose of SAC significantly reduced the serum level of TG and TC from Week 7 (P <0.05 or P <0.001), middle dose of SAC reduced the level of LDL-C and increased HDL-C significantly at the same time point (P <0.05,P <0.01),and a more week later,the low dose increased the serum level of HDL-C (P <0.05).Despite the levels of E2 and FSH of model rats showed no significant difference after treatment by SAC (P >0.05),the expression of ER-αmRNA in liver tissue increased in all SAC groups (P <0. 05).Conclusion The effect of regulating blood lipid metabolism of SAC had been proved.The poten-tial mechanism could be via upregulating the expression of estrogen receptors to amplify the signals trans-mitted by the receptors,which may make up the low estrogen level to direct at the disorder of lipid metab-olism during peri-menopausal period.