Ten ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters are confirmed to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs. To investigate the relationship between these ten ABC transporters and the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 resistant to cisplatin, cisplatin and cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil were used to induce the CNE2 cell to acquire the drug-resistance for 1 year. After these cells were cultured without drugs for 2 months, the MTT assay method was used to determine the dose-effect relationship of cisplatin and resistant index. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of ten ABC transporters in CNE2 and the drug-resistant CNE2 cells, and the result was confirmed by immunocytochemical method. The results of MTT method showed that two cell lines resistant to cisplatin (named as CNE2/DDP) and cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil (named as CNE2/DDP+5Fu) were established, with resistant index 2.58 and 5.31, respectively. Of ten ABC transporters, only ABCC2 was found to be up-regulated both in CNE2/DDP and CNE2/DDP+5Fu cells, for increasing about 2.50 and 4.08 folds, respectively. The results of immunocytochemical method also confirmedthat the expression of ABCC2 in CNE2/DDP and CNE2/DDP+5Fu cells were stronger that that in CNE2 cell. Furthermore, ABCC2 protein was found to be located at nuclear membrane of CNE2/DDP +5Fu cell but not at nuclear membrane of CNE2 cell. The results suggest that ABCC2 may play an important role in cisplatinresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2.

Objective: To construct the eurokaryotic expression vector of KCNE1 gene and express recombinant KCNE1 in HEK293 cells.Methods:Human KCNE1 gene fragment was amplified from human placenta total RNA by RT-PCR and cloned into the vector of pCR2.1 TOPO by means of T-A cloning.KCNE1 cDNA was obtained from pCR2.1-KCNE1 by restriction enzyme digestion and inserted into the same restriction site of pEGFP-N1.Thus pEGFP-N1-KCNE1 was constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells with Effectene transfection reagent.Results:The eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-KCNE1 was successfully constructed by gene cloning and recombinant method and expressed in HEK293 cells.Conclusion:The cloning of KCNE1 gene and the construction and expression of its eukaryotic expression vector may shed some light on further functional study of KCNE1 gene.

Objective To analyze the research direction of military medical literature published in Chinese and foreign languages.Methods Search the military medical literature through subject cat egory and subject words from CNKI and PubMed database.Results Total number of 10 630 articles were found.384 articles with no information of the author and mainly related to the introduction and information.The remaining 10 246 articles were included as the basis for the analysis of Chinese literature.A total of 22 847 foreign literatures were searched.Conclusions From the analysis of research papers published at home and abroad,both the authors and the contents of the research institutions varies a lot.Foreign research paid more attention to military medical trauma,while focus more on disease occurred in the army and logistic support guarantee in China.Three Military Medical University Affiliated Hospitals and the Military Hospital are the main force in military medical research in China.However,the domestic military hospitals,such as Xijing Hospital and Changhai Hospital published most of their high quality papers in abroad,which may be affected to the mechanism of rewards and punishment of domestic institutions.

Objective:To explore the selection strategy of pedicled axial flaps for repairing high-voltage electric burn wounds in foot and ankle.Methods:The retrospective observational research method was used. From January 2017 to December 2022, 16 patients with skin and soft tissue defects in foot and ankle after high-voltage electric burns were treated in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, including 11 cases of unilateral defect and 5 cases of bilateral defect. All patients were male, aged from 25 to 75 years. After thorough debridement, the area of the defect to be repaired with the flap was 5.0 cm×4.0 cm to 12.0 cm×8.0 cm. Before operation, the color Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, or digital subtraction angiography was used to fully evaluate the degree of vascular injury in the affected limb and to identify the distribution and traffic anastomosis of vascular network. Pedicled axial flaps with reliable blood supply were used to repair the wounds as soon as possible, and the area of flaps ranged from 3.0 cm×2.0 cm to 13.0 cm×8.0 cm. The wound in the donor area of flaps was repaired with split-thickness skin graft from head or medium-thickness skin graft from thigh. The flap repair of wounds in various areas of the ankle and foot was recorded. The postoperative survivals of the flaps and skin grafts were observed after surgery. The postoperative appearance of flaps and walking function of patients were followed up. At the last follow-up, the foot and ankle function was evaluated and rated using the American Association of Foot and Ankle Surgeons Ankle Posterior Foot Scoring System.Results:Two wounds in toe area were repaired with reverse dorsal pedis flaps, 3 wounds in medial ankle area and 2 wounds in heel area were repaired with medial plantar flaps, 2 wounds in anterior plantar area combined with toe area were repaired with reverse medial plantar flaps, 2 wounds in anterior plantar area combined with toe area and 5 wounds in anterior plantar area were repaired with reverse medial pedis flaps, 1 wound in toe area was combined with proper plantar digital artery flap, 1 dorsal pedis wound and 1 lateral malleolus wound were repaired with lateral supramalleolar perforator flaps, and 1 lateral malleolus wound and 1 dorsal pedis wound were repaired with sural neurovascular flap. One flap had venous reflux disorder after surgery and survived after treatment, while the other flaps and skin grafts survived completely after surgery. During the follow-up of 6 to 24 months after operation, the appearance of the flaps was good, and the walking function of patients was normal. At the last follow-up, the functional score of foot and ankle was 76 to 95, which was evaluated as excellent in 11 cases and good in 5 cases.Conclusions:According to the condition of high-voltage electric burn in foot and ankle, early and thorough debridement, preoperative imaging examination to evaluate blood vessels of the affected limb, and selection of pedicled axial flap with reliable blood supply are good methods for wound repair and related functional reconstruction of high-voltage electric burn in foot and ankle.

The inhibitory effect of NACOS on dyslipidemia and potential molecular mechanisms by in vitro and in vivo experiments were investigated. For in vitro study, four experimental groups were designed by using HepG2 cells, including the control group, palmitic acid (PA) treatment alone group, NACOS treatment alone group and NACOS + PA treatment group. For in vivo study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (n=5) at random including the normal control group (NCD), high fat diet (HFD) group, NACOS treatment alone group, NACOS+HFD group, which were treated for 20 weeks. The used methods in this study were as follows: the observation of lipid droplet deposition in HepG2 cells by oil red O staining, the detection of mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related regulators and inflammatory cytokine by RT-PCR method, the monitoring of MAPKs and PI3K/Akt pathway activation by Western blotting method. The in vitro study shows that, NACOS had no toxicity on the viability of HepG2 cells at 25-100 μg/mL and significantly reduced the deposition of lipid droplet. Also, based on both in vitro and in vivo investigation, NACOS evidently down-regulated the expression of lipid metabolism-related regulators (PGC1α, Cox5b, Mcad) and inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β) at mRNA level (P<0.05 or 0.01), and suppressed the activation of p38, ERK1/2 and Akt in HepG2 cells and lever tissues from HFD-fed mice (P<0.05 or 0.01). Based on the above, NACOS may inhibit the oxidation of liver mitochondrial fatty acid and the lipid biosynthesis, block the inflammatory responses and prevent the HepG2 cells and C57BL/6 mice from lipidemia.

The biofilms formed by pathogenic microorganisms seriously threaten human health and significantly enhance drug resistance, which urgently call for developing drugs specifically targeting on biofilms. Chitooligosaccharides extracted from shrimp and crab shells are natural alkaline oligosaccharides with excellent antibacterial effects. Nevertheless, their inhibition efficacy on biofilms still needs to be improved. Spirulina (SP) is a microalga with negatively charged surface, and its spiral structure facilitates colonization in the depth of the biofilm. Therefore, the complex of Spirulina and chitooligosaccharides may play a synergistic role in killing pathogens in the depth of biofilm. This research first screened chitooligosaccharides with significant bactericidal effects. Subsequently, Spirulina@Chitooligosaccharides (SP@COS complex was prepared by combining chitooligosaccharides with Spirulina through electrostatic adsorption. The binding of the complex was characterized by zeta potential, z-average size, and fluorescence labeling. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed the encapsulation efficiency and the drug loading efficiency reached up to 90% and 16%, respectively. The prepared SP@COS2 exhibited a profound synergistic inhibition effect on bacterial and fungal biofilms, which was mainly achieved by destroying the cell structure of the biofilm. These results demonstrate the potential of Spirulina-chitooligosaccharides complex as a biofilm inhibitor and provide a new idea for addressing the harm of pathogenic microorganisms.
Humans ; Spirulina ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry* ; Chitosan/pharmacology* ; Biofilms ; Chitin/pharmacology*