Objective To study the mechanism of Ulinastat’s enhancement for antibiotics’curative effects in sepsis Children caused by bacteria. Methods Children with sepsis caused by bacteria were treated with Ulinastat combined with antibiotics (UTI group) and antibiotics only (CON group), The curative effects, GSC scores and APACHEⅡscores in two groups were observed and compared, pre-and post-therapy serum procalcitonin and inlfammatory factors were detected and compared. Results The efifciency rate and GSC score in UTI group were signiifcantly higher than in CON group (P<0.05), but lower in mortality and APACHEⅡscore (P<0.05). hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 of UTI group in one week, two weeks and three weeks post-therapy were signiifcantly lower than in CON group (P<0.05), while IL-10 was higher(P<0.05). Conclusion The Ulinastat can signiifcantly increases antibiotics’curative effects for sepsis Children caused by bacteria though lowering down serum PCT, hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 and increasing IL-10.

Objective To observe the effect of astragalus polysaccharides ( APS) on glucose homeostasis regulation and focus on glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3 beta) activity and subcellular localization (nuclear translocation).Methods HepG2 human hepatoma cells were cultured in vitro and treated with high glucose of different concentrations (30, 40 mM) to induce hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress model, then acquire optimum operating concentration.The HepG2 cells were treated with APS of different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) to select the most effective concentration.The HepG2 cells were divided into seven groups with different treatment: negative control group (C), positive control group (Tm), 30 mM high glucose-induced group (G30), 45 mM high glucose-induced group (G45), negative control+APS group (CA), positive control+APS group ( TA) and high glucose-induced+APS group ( GA).Effect of APS at different concentrations on proliferation activity of HepG2 cells were detected by MTT assay, transcription and shear levels of XBPlmRNA in HepG2 cells by quantitative real-time PCR, and phosphorylation levels of GSK3βin cytoplasm and nucleus by immunoblotting techniques.Results The optimum operating glucose concentration was 30 mM.The most effective APS concentration was 200μg/mL.The transcription and shear levels of XBPlmRNA in HepG2 cells of GA group were lower than those of G30 group ( P<0.05), respectively, but there were no significant differences between TA and Tm group.The phosphorylation levels of GSK3βin cytoplasm and nucleus of GA group were higher than those of G group(P<0.05), respectively, but there were no significant differences between TA and Tm group. Conclusion APS could improve hepatic steatosis, and its mechanism might be that APS inhibits the activity and nuclear localization of GSK3β, then alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To explore a novel long-circulating dual-receptor targeting and dual-modal molecular probe and investigate its physicochemical properties and targeting effect on breast cancer cells in vitro. Methods Dual-receptor targeting and dual-modal molecular probe RGD@BBN-lipo(QDs)-SPIO was synthesized in the following steps: long-circulating liposome was prepared by film dispersion method;water-soluble superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and Quantum dots (QDs) were loaded in the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layer of liposome, respectively;RGD and BBN polypeptides were coupled on the former functional magnetic/fluorescent liposomes. Stability of the probe in different physiological solutions was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analyzer were used to measure nanoparticle sizes and the Zeta potential. Characterization of RGD and BBN was investigated through 1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The MRI T2 relaxivities (1/T2) of RGD@BBN-lipo(QDs)-SPIO was measured through T2 map scanning on 3.0 T MR system. HUV-EC-C cells were used for assessment of cells viability by MTS assay. Prussian blue staining and fluorescence imaging were carried out to determine the targeted breast cellular uptake of RGD@BBN-lipo(QDs)-SPIO nanoparticles. Results The targeting magnetic/fluorescent dual-model molecular probes appeared spherical or para-spherical,with a mean diameter of(118.2±3.9)nm,Zeta potential of (-24.78±1.68) mV,MR T2 magnetic relaxation rate of 0.498 1× 106 M-1 · s-1.RGD and BBN polypeptides were successfully coupled on the former functionally magnetic/fluorescent liposomes with the bind rates of 33.05%and 45.06%, respectively. There was low cytotoxity of the molecular probe on human umbilical vein endothelical cells(HUV-EC-C)by MTS study. Prussian blue staining and fluorescence imaging studies showed that the RGD@BBN-lipo(QDs)-SPIO nanoparticles could target any αvβ3 or gastrin releasing peptide receptor overexpression breast cancer. Conclusions RGD@BBN-lipo(QDs)-SPIO is a novel long-circulating dual-receptor targeting and dual-modal molecular probe and has excellent physicochemical properties and stability, high T2 relaxivities and strong targeting effect on cancer cells and has laid a solid foundation for early diagnosis of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND:The in vivo degradation process of chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite porous scaffolds is not very clear. Research on the effects of rat osteoblasts and degradation products is less.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biocompatiblity of rat osteoblasts with degradation products of chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite porous scaffolds.
METHODS:The second generation of cultured rat osteoblasts were respectively cultured in the extract of degradation products of chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds (experimental group) and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum (control group). At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days of culture, cel counting was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity was measured by the recommended method of determination of the Federation, and total protein was determined by BCA method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proliferation speed, alkaline phosphatase activity, total cel ular protein synthesis and ratio of alkaline phosphatase to total protein in rat osteoblasts cultured in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). This experiment showed that the degradation products of chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite porous scaffolds cannot only promote rat osteoblast adhesion, growth and proliferation, but also enhance its ossification function, with good biocompatibility.

Objective To understand the Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution in the working areas of Yangtze River hy?drologic agencies located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2016,so as to provide the evidence for assess?ing the risk of schistosome infection of hydrological workers and establishing the control strategies. Methods The suspicious en?vironments with O. hupensis snails in the above working areas were selected as study areas,and the snail situation was surveyed by the system sampling method combined with the environmental sampling method. The survey data were collected and analyzed statistically. Results Totally 19 working areas from 17 hydrological agencies were selected as the investigation sites,among which,10 working areas from 9 agencies were found with O. hupensis snail distribution. The constituent ratio of the areas with snails reached to 38.81%of the investigation areas,the occurrence rate of frames with snails was 3.08%,and the average densi?ty of living snails was 0.07/0.1 m2. By comparison,the average density of living snails and occurrence rate of frames with snails in hydrological agencies under the jurisdiction of the Middle Reaches Administrative Bureau were the most serious among three administrative bureaus of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission. Conclusions There are various degrees of O. hupen?sis breeding in the working areas of hydrological agencies located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ,and the hydrological workers are facing with the risk of schistosome infection.

Objective Screening the immune polypeptide sequence of toxoplasma (Tg) CDPK5 gene ,which were synthesized and then immunized the New Zealand white rabbit to prepare antiserum ,and identification its function .Methods Bioinformatics a‐nalysis was used to determine the immune peptide of Tg CDPK5 sequence ,which were artificially synthesized to immune white rab‐bit to prepare antiserum .The titers of antibodies were determined by ELISA and the polyclonal antibodies were verified with CD‐KP5 antigen by Western blot .The sub‐cellular localization of Tg CDPK 5 were obtained by immunofluorescence assay .Results 17 bp peptide sequence from the Tg CDPK5 N‐terminal were chosen as immune polypeptide by bioinformatics analysis .Synthetic pep‐tide were used to immune rabbit to obtain polyclonal antiserum .The result showed that the titer of the obtained ployantibody were 1∶640 000 ;Western blot demonstrated that the antiserum could specifically recognize Tg CDPK 5(75 .4 × 103 );Immunofluores‐cence assay revealed this antibody could specifically recognize the endogenous Tg CDPK 5 of Toxoplasma gondii .Conclusion Ac‐cording to the analysis of Tg CDPK5 sequence information ,this study successful obtained Tg CDPK5 polyclonal antibody .

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of red ginseng on improving metabolic syndrome,and to provide basis for clinical practice.Methods Retrieval from PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Clinical Trials Gov,WanFang Data and CNKI databases,articles of RCTs about red ginseng on improving metabolic syndrome were included.The searching range was from the establishment of the database to May 2022.The articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and then the inclusion study was analyzed through RevMan 5.4.1 software.Results Totally 17 randomized controlled trials involving 957 patients were included.Compared with the control group,red ginseng exhibited significant effect on fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure(P<0.05),and its effect was related to the disease,age,duration of administration and dosage.Conclusion Red ginseng could significantly improve the symptoms of hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia and hypertension in metabolic syndrome,which provides a theoretical basis for clinical use of red ginseng in treating metabolic syndrome.

Objective To investigate the expressions of microRNAs (miRNA) and cytokines in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and analyze their relationship with inflammation. Methods PBMCs were collected from acute hapatitis B (AHB) patients of 3 groups, including acute episode, virus clearance, recover period, and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) of mild, medium, severe type, and HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Each group included 20 patients, and 17 healthy donors were as control. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miRNA146, miRNA155, miRNA181, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β,interferon induced gene 54 (ISG54) and interferon regulate factor 5 (IRF5). Comparisons among groups were done by one factor analysis of variance. Results The expression of miRNA155 was high in acute episode of AHB (2. 386± 1. 835), and higher than healthy control (1. 498± 1. 276) (F=1. 137,P-=0. 045), while reduced in acute episode, virus clearance (1. 633±2. 291), and recover period (0. 642±0. 836) (F=2. 122,P=0. 022). The expressions of IFN-α and IFN-β in AHB reduced in acute episode, virus clearance and recover period ( F = 1. 880, P = 0. 038 ; F= 1. 835, P = 0. 048).The expression of miRNA155 in AHB is closely correlated with IFN-α and IFN-β (r = 0. 483, P=0. 004; r= 0. 660, P= 0. 0002, respectively). In addition, in HBV infectious patients, the expression of miRNA155 was correlated with alanine transarninase (ALT), serum bilirubin (TBil) (r=0. 342,P=0. 006; r=0. 322, P= 0. 011, respectively), but not with HBV DNA load. Compared with healthy control (1. 307+ 0. 935), miRNA181 was higher in patients with HBV infection (F= 2. 072, P=0. 045) except AHB in recover period (1. 873±0. 998). There was no statistical difference in the miRNA146 expression between various groups. Conclusions The exprossion of miRNAs might be involved in the host anti-HBV immune response during HBV infection, and closely correlated with expression of IFN-related immune factors.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of fatty acids in Isaria cicadae,Cordyceps militaris and C.sinensis,and to compare the difference of the contents of fatty acids among above medicinal herbs.METHODS:GC-MS method was adopted.Chromatographic condition:the determination was performed on TG-5MS gas phase capillary column with carrier gas of nitrogen at the flow rate of 1.2 mL/min.The inlet temperature was 290 ℃ by splitlesssampling;valve opening time was 1 min,and volume of sample was 1 μL.Mass spectrometry condition:the ion source is an electrospray ionization source.The temperatures of ion source and transmission line were 280 ℃,the initial temperature of the chromatographic column was 80 ℃ (gradient elution),ionization voltage was 70 eV.Solvent delay time was 5 min,and scan mass range was m/z 30-400.RESULTS:The linear ranges of tetradecanoic acid,pentadecanoic acid,palmitic acid,palmitoleic acid,heptadecanoic acid,heptadecenoic acid,docosahexaenoic acid,methyl oleate,linoleic acid,arachidonic acid,eicosenoic acid,diolefinic acid,eicosatrienoic acid,heneicosanoic acid,behenic acid,tricosanoic acid,lignoceric acid were 1.400-44.520 μg/mL(r=0.999 8),2.091-93.721 μg/mL(r=0.999 7),3.146-85.856 μg/mL(r=0.998 2),1.664-61.444 g/rnL(r=0.998 7),1.773-64.983 g/mL(r=0.999 5),1.781-68.421 μg/ mL (r=0.999 7),1.706-55.606 μg/mL (r=0.999 8),1.439-47.989 μg/mL (r=0.999 6),1.738-66.908 μg/mL (r=0.999 6),2.086-94.206 μg/mL(r=0.999 5),1.356-44.966 μg/mL(r=0.999 4),1.444-56.814 μg/mL(r=0.999 7),1.375-52.335 μg/mL(r =0.999 8),1.512-60.312 μg/mL(r=0.999 5),1.450-59.760 μg/mL(r=0.999 7),1.427-58.757 μg/mL(r=0.999 1),1.269-58.109 μg/ mL(r=0.999 3),respectively.The limit of quantitation was no more than 1 764.71 μg/mL,and the limit of detection was no more than 529.42 μg/mL.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0％.The recoveries were 84.87％-108.93％ (RSD ranged 0.19％-2.23％,n=6).There were 17 fatty acids in C.militaris,16 fatty acids in Ⅰ.cicadae and 16 fatty acids in C.sinensis.The contents of unsaturated fatty acids in above medicinal herbs were higher than that of saturated fatty acids.The content of fatty acids in artificial cultivated Ⅰ.cicadae was mostly higher than other medicinal herbs.COCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,stable and reproducible.It can be used for simultaneous determination of fatty acids in I.cicadae,C.militaris and C.sinensis.Above 3 kinds of medicinal materials.From the perspective of fatty acid content,the quality of artificial cultivated I.cicadae is best.

Objective To compare the efficacy of pedicle screw with vertebroplasty ( PSV) or intermediate screw ( PSIS ) for osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 141 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures admitted to Honghui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015. There were 59 males and 82 females,aged 60-75 years, with an average age of 65. 4 years. All the fractures had bone mineral density (BMD) T value < -2. 5 SD, kyphosis angle > 15 degrees or anterior column compression > 40％. There were 65 patients with thoracic vertebral fractures ( T10-T12 ) and 76 with lumbar vertebral fractures ( L1-L4 ) . Among all patients, 68 received PSV treatment ( PSV group) and 73 received fixed PSIS treatment ( PSIS group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, visual analogue scale (VAS), anterior height ratio, central height ratio, and segmental kyphosis angle at 3 days, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after operation were compared between the two groups. The complications were recorded. Results All patients were followed up for 25-31 months, with an average of 27. 9 months. There were no significant differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P>0. 05). VAS at each time point of postoperative follow-up was significantly lower than those before operation in both groups (P<0. 05). Except that VAS in PSV group was lower than that in PSIP group 3 months after surgery [(2. 2 ± 0. 8)points vs. (2. 6 ± 0. 6)points] (P<0. 05), there were no significant differences in VAS at other time points between the two groups (P>0. 05). Anterior height ratios of PSV group were higher than those of PSIP group at postoperative 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years (P<0. 05) [(95. 2 ± 5. 2) vs. (92. 6 ± 7. 1), (93. 8 ± 5. 2) vs. (91. 4 ± 3. 2), (93. 3 ± 4. 9) vs. (91. 2 ± 5. 1), (92. 6 ± 5. 5) vs. (90. 1 ± 4. 7)]. The central height ratios of PSV group were higher than those of PSIP group at postoperative 6 months, 1 year and 2 years [(91. 4 ± 6. 9) vs. (88. 9 ± 7. 2), (90. 8 ± 7. 4) vs. (88.4±5.9),(90.1±7.6)vs. (87.1±7.2)](P<0.05). SegmentalkyphosisangleofPSVgroup was lower than that of PSIP group at postoperative 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years [(2. 9 ± 0. 4)° vs. (3. 2 ± 0. 9)°, (3. 0 ± 0. 5)° vs. (3. 2 ± 0. 3)°, (3. 1 ± 0. 7)° vs. (3. 4 ± 0. 4)°, (3. 1 ± 0. 4)° vs. (3. 4 ± 0. 7)°] (P <0. 05 or 0. 01). Bone cement leakage from screws occurred in two patients in PSV group and three patients in PSIS group. Cement leakage occurred in the injured vertebra in four patients of PSV group, with no any symptom. In PSIS group, two patients suffered from one side rod breakage at 9 months and 1 year after surgery, respectively. CT showed sound bone healing, without any further management. Conclusion For osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures, PSV can attain similar pain relief compared with PSIS, but the former is more conducive to reducing the loss of anterior and middle column height and correcting kyphosis deformity.