AIM: To evaluate the host response of the gel and porous polyethylene implants in anophthalmic cavities using the B scan ultrasound.placement of gel or porous polyethylene spheres implants. The animals were submitted to clinical examination weekly and to ultrasound evaluation on 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. Implant extrusion probably because the gel spheres have hydrated and increased in volume. The B ultrasound of the gel polyethylene implant did not show vessels inside during the following period. Five animals (27.8%) with porous polyethylene spheres presented implant extrusion after 30 days of surgery. According to B ultrasound, the porous polyethylene implant showed irregular and heterogeneous architecture and reflective peaks similar to vascularized tissues. Gel polyethylene implant necessary to correct the diminished orbital content in the anophthalmic cavity. The B ultrasound effectiveness showed in this study for anophthalmic socket implants evaluation provided useful information for further in vivo studies and might substitute expensive methods of implants vascularization evaluation.

AIM: Radiofrequency is one of the methods used to treat wrinkles and skin lesions, but its application may result in an abrasive wound. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagenase ointment on the epithelial healing of an abrasive wound induced by a radiofrequency system.METHODS: An abrasive wound was produced using radiofrequency at the dorsal midline of 30 guinea pigs, which were randomly divided into 2 groups: one group were treated with saline solution and the other group treated with collagenase ointment; both used twice daily. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 7, 15, 30 and 60 postoperative days.Macroscopic,histological and morphometric evaluations were performed and the results were submitted to statistical analysis.RESULTS:The animals treated with collagenase ointment presented accelerated healing process and less inflammatory cell infiltration than the saline solution treated animals from one to fifteen postoperative days. Morphometric evaluation showed a thicker epidermis and a thinner dermis layer in the saline solution group at one and seven postoperative days, but significant differences between both groups were not observed at thirty and sixty postoperative days.CONCLUSION: According to our results the use of collagenase ointment may accelerate the healing process of a radiofrequency induced abrasive wound.

BACKGROUND: To present the outcomes of the tarsal switch procedure using an anterior approach to correct severe ptosis with poor levator muscle function ( < 4 mm) with absent or poor Bell’s phenomenon. METHODS: This retrospective case series included 11 patients with severe neurogenic or acquired myogenic palpebral ptosis. All patients underwent the tarsal switch procedure through an anterior approach from 2012 to 2015. Margin reflex distance (MRD1 and MRD2) and the palpebral fissure were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. P-values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS: Surgery was performed on 18 eyelids (11 patients). The median age at surgery was 57 years (range, 29-86 years). Four patients had unilateral ptosis and seven had bilateral ptosis. Nine patients had myogenic ptosis and two had neurogenic ptosis. Postoperatively, the chin-up position improved in all patients. The MRD1 increased statistically significantly, from 0 mm preoperatively to 1.0 mm postoperatively (P=0.001). The MRD2 decreased statistically significantly, from 4.5 mm preoperatively to 3.0 mm postoperatively (P=0.001). The palpebral fissure did not change (4.0 mm preoperatively to 4.0 mm postoperatively) (P=0.13). CONCLUSIONS: The tarsal switch procedure through an anterior approach is an effective alternative for correcting severe ptosis, especially neurogenic or acquired myogenic ptosis. This procedure can be performed with minimal risk of ocular surface exposure and provides stable outcomes.
Blepharoptosis ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Reflex ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation