According to the situation of 34 batches of natural rubber latex condoms tested by our center in 2018, the unqualified items in the product inspection items and the exploratory research results of D4 and D5 content in silicone oil lubricants are analyzed. We make recommendations on product technical requirements or standards to strengthen the quality supervision of products.
Condoms/standards* ; Latex ; Silicone Oils

Effect of silicone oil in vitreous cavity of the rabbit was studied with electroretinogram. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed bilaterally in nine white rabbits, and they were divided into 3 groups. 1.6~1.7 cc of silicone oil was injected in right eye in 1st group, 0.8 cc of silicone oil was injected in right eye in 2 nd group, and 0.8~1.0 cc of silicone oil was injected in right eye after retinal tear was made in 3 rd group. Left eye in each group was used as a control. Photopic and scotopic electroretinographic studies were performed in both eye of rabbits preoperatively and postoperatively 2 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks. In each group, a and b-wave amplitude was decreased in silicone oil injected eye compared to control eye at postoperative 2 days, and was increased to normal amplitude at postoperative 4 weeks in both photopic and scotopic electroretinograms. Implicit time of a and b-wave was not affected in each group. Above results suggest that rabbit electroretinogram is not affected by intravitreal silicone oil until postoperative 4 weeks.
Rabbits ; Retinal Perforations ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy

Perfluorodecalin, which is one of the perfluorocarbon liquids, is not established safety in use of long-acting intraocular tamponade. Therefore, to determine its safety we injected it alone and combined with silicone oil into the vitreous of vitrectomized eyes. We evaluated the changes of the fundus, electroretinogram, histopathology as light and electron microgragh after lensectomy and vitrectomy in pigmented rabbits periodically. In rabbits replaced with perfluorodecalin alone, fundus showed mild proliferative vitreoretinopathy and micrographs showed the destruction of the inner and outer segments of the photoreceptors. In rabbits replaced with perfluorodecalin and silicone oil, fundus showed more severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy than perfluorodecalin alone and micrographs showed the destruction of the entire retina. In electroretinogram, the amplitude was decreased markedly. So, it is considered that perfluorodecalin was not tolerant in case of longacting intraocular tamponade and also perfluorodecalin combined with silicone oil developed severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Rabbits ; Retina ; Silicone Oils* ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative

We evaluated the histologic change of retina after gas compression of the vitreous followed by intravitreal injection of silicone oil in albino rabbits. The retinal architecture was well preserved and no abnormal findings could be demonstrated by light microscopic and electron microscopic examinaions 8 weeks after surgery.
Intravitreal Injections ; Rabbits ; Retina* ; Retinaldehyde ; Silicone Oils*

Electrical conductivity of eyeball replaced with vitreous substitutes were also measured in both the non-enucleated and enucleated eye. The study of correlation between the electroretinogram and conductivity of eyeball to be replaced with vitreous substitutes was also evaluated. The electrical conductivity of each vitreous replacement was shown 74.5% in vitreous, 77.5% in saline, 100% in air and silicone oil respectively relative to standard material -1.5 battery, 100%. There was no difference of conductivity between the enucleated eye and non-enucleated eye. There were no correlation between the ERG amplitude and conductivity. As a result of experiments, the decrease in amplitude is suggested as a damage of retina by manipulation and surgery rather than decrease of conductivity with vitreous replacements.
Electric Conductivity* ; Rabbits* ; Retina ; Silicone Oils

Silicone oil is widely used as a retinal tamponade in the treatment of PVR. But reproliferation of membrane can occur under the silicone oil. Formerly, silicone oil was believed to suppress the proliferation of membrane, but recently, there were reports that silicone oil might actually promote proliferation of membrane, and recommended to use long-lasting gas rather than silicone oil. But it is known that proliferation of membrane can also occur in the eye in which intraocular gas has been used. So a careful study to compare the effect of intraocular gas and silicone oil to proliferation of membrane is needed. Rabbits are divided into three groups. Retinal tears were made in all the groups. in control group, no further surgery was done, and in the other two group, perfluoropropane gas was injected into the vitreous cavity. The intraocular gas was left unchanged(gas group), or it was exchanged with silicone oil 3 days later(silicone oil group). The fundus was examined periodically, and the eyeball was removed at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery for histopathologic study with light and electron microscope. Both intravitreal gas and silicone oil were shown to increase the formation of proliferative membrane compared to control group, but there was no statistically significant difference between them.
Membranes ; Rabbits ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Silicone Oils*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results of silicone oil removal using a 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy (TSVS) and the 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) system and to evaluate the clinical value of 23-guage PPV system in silicone oil removal. METHODS: Eight eyes of 8 patients who received removal of silicone oil using the 23-gauge TSVS and 6 eyes of 6 patients using the 20-gauge PPV system were included in this study. The total operation time, silicone oil removal time, intraoperative and postoperative advantages, shortcomings, and complications were compared. RESULTS: The operation time and silicone oil removal time were 44.6+/-14.1 minutes, 42.7+/-10.5 minutes and 2.0+/-0.9 min/cc, 1.4+/-0.6 min/cc when silicone oil removal was performed using 23-gauge TSVS and 20-gauge PPV system, respectively. They were not significantly different (p=0.80, 0.22). Attention for the complete removal of the oil is necessary because of the intraocular trocar length when the 23-gauge TSVS is used. There were no complications except transient hypotonies (2 eyes), transient hypertonies (2 eyes) in the 23-gauge system and transient hypertonies (2 eyes) in the 20-gauge system. CONCLUSIONS: The operation time for silicone oil removal using the 23-gauge TSVS was not different than that of the 20-gauge PPV system and can be performed safely without any particular complications. Care and precautionary measures are needed in order to remove silicone oil completely.
Eye ; Humans ; Silicone Oils ; Surgical Instruments ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate differences between partial coherence laser interferometry (IOL-Master, Zeiss) and A-scan measurement of axial length and anterior chamber depth in silicone oil-filled eyes according to viscosity. METHODS: Using IOL-Master and A-scan, axial length and anterior chamber depth in silicone oil-filled eyes (n=54) and normal eyes (control, n=54) were measured and analyzed. In silicone oil-filled eyes, calculated axial lengths by A-scan using conversion factors, axial length multiplied by 0.71, and vitreous cavity multiplied by 0.64 (classic method) were compared with those calculated by IOL-Master. Anterior chamber depths were also analyzed., and axial lengths and anterior chamber depths were compared according to the viscosities of silicone oil for measurement by A-scan. RESULTS: Axial length and anterior chamber depth using IOL-Master were shorter than those using A-scan by 9.45+/-1.81 mm (p<0.05) and 0.11+/-1.29 mm, respectively. In normal eyes, axial length and anterior chamber depth using IOL-Master and A-scan were not significantly different. In silicone oil-filled eyes, axial length using IOL-Master and conversion factor was also not significantly different. At the highest silicone oil viscosity the difference in measured axial length was greatest (p<0.05) while the difference in anterior chamber depths was smallest. CONCLUSIONS: In silicone oil-filled eyes, axial length by IOL-Master was more accurate than that by A-scan, regardless of silicone oil viscosity. Thus, IOL-Master is more useful than A-scan when measuring axial length in silicone oil-filled eyes.
Anterior Chamber ; Eye ; Interferometry ; Silicone Oils ; Viscosity

We reviewed 71 cases of silicone oil injection for retinal detachment surgery with advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy following failed vitrectomy between November 1982 and March 1986 in order to identify the anatomic and functional success rate and its complications. The causes of vitrectomy were as follows: advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery and retinal vascular diseases(34 eyes), giant dialysis(10 eyes), severe perforating injuries and intraocular foreign bodies(17 eyes), and traction retinal detachments associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(10 eyes). In 71 cases of silicone oil injection, anatomic success rate was 34.8%(23/66) and functional success rate was 16.9%(16/71) and its complications were lens opacities(28.1%, 9/32) in phakia and corneal opacities(20.5%. 8/39) and increased intraocular pressure(17.9%, 7/39) in aphakia.
Aphakia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Silicone Oils* ; Traction ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

The vitrectomy and silicone oil injection has been used occasionally for the advertent retinal detachment, but the silicone oil placement within the vitreous cavity may cause the complications in such as band keratopathy, emulsification of silicone oil, iritis and glaucoma, etc. Especially, in the phakic eyes, the silicone oil may enter the anterior chamber in the form of a suspension of fine globules resembling an inverted hypopyon and it is called the hyperoleon. The authors observed a case of hyperoleon 4 months after surgery, reporting it with the review of literatures.
Anterior Chamber ; Glaucoma ; Iritis ; Retinal Detachment ; Silicone Oils ; Vitrectomy