A survey was performed from April 1978 to Oct. 1978, on the high blood pressure of workers employed at industries in Busan area in order to seek for the environmental factors on blood pressure. The number of workers surveyed in the manufacturing industries occupied 72.4 percent of the total. By the age group of all workers, 39.9 percent belonged to the 20-20 year group. For the age distribution and sex of the workers, the highest frequency was found in the 20-29 year group in both sexes and was 36.8% and 46.1% in male and female, respectively. The prevalence rate of hypertension among the workers was 15.9. The industries showing the highest prevalence rate equivalent to wholesale, retail trades, restaurants, and hotels. This survey presented a tendency of increasing prevalence rate as the age increases.
Age Distribution ; Blood Pressure ; Busan* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Prevalence ; Restaurants

To identify the developmental characteristics of fetal skin, the expressions of cytokeratine (CK) and epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in fetal skin (12-24 weeks of gestation) were studied immunohistochemically, and the ultrastructure of epidermis was also observed. The Expressions of CK and EGFR were identified in labelled sterptoavidine biotin immunohistochemical method. Primary antibodies used monclonal mouse anti-human CK (DAKO-CK, MF116) and EGFR Ab-4 which is rabbit affinity-purified polyclonal antibody raised against the amino acid residues 1005-1016 (Onc Science). At 12 weeks of gestation the epidermis was composed basal layer and periderm and the cells of both layers were positively stained for CK and EGFR. At 16-18 weeks of gestation, epidermis was composed basal, intermediate, and periderm. The cells of basal layer and periderm were strongly positive for CK, but the cells of intermediate layer showed weak or negative reaction for CK. EGFR immunoreactivity was noted in cells of all three layers, though cells of basal layer were stained relatively weak. At 23-24 weeks of gestation, the epidermis thickened and appeared 6 or more cell layers. Epidermal cells except horny layer were stained positively for CK and EGFR. EGFR immunoreactivity in basal layer, however, was relatively weak compared to those in intermediate layers. Periderm always were reaction-positive for CK and EGFR. The hair follicles, mainly pre-germ stage, were negatively stained for CK and EGFR at 12 weeks of gestation. The hair follicles with various developing stages were positively stained at 16-18 weeks of gestation. At 24 weeks of gestation, inner sheath of hair shaft and sebaceous gland were strongly reacted for CK, but not reacted for EGFR. In electron microscopic study, epidermis was composed of two layers, basal layer and periderm at 12 weeks of gestation. The periderm was composed of basal, intermediate and periderm at 12 weeks of gestation. The periderm was composed of basal, intermediate and periderm layers at 16-18 weeks of gestation. Intermediate cells consisted of 2-3 layers of spinous cells. The granular cells appeared rarely in superficial cells of intermediate layers. At 23-24 weeks of gestation, epidermis consisted of basal, prickle, granular, and horny layers. Periderm cells were locally exfoliated from the hony layer. The results demonstrate the expression of CK and EGFR in skin of human fetus between 12 and 24 weeks of gestation, and suggest that full thickness of epidermis is formed by 24 weeks of gestation.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Biotin ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Epidermis* ; Fetus* ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans* ; Keratins ; Methods ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Sebaceous Glands ; Skin

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the usefulness of exercise echocardiography in diagnosis of coronary artery disease and to compare it with exercise ECG test. METHOD: We performed exercise test in 48 patients who suffered from angina-like chest pain, according to the modified Bruce protocol. During exercise, we observed the ECG changes and recored the images of left ventricular wall motion before and after exercise on the video tape. The echocardiogram were digitally stored and displayed in a format that allowed simultaneous analysis of rest and stress images. Newly developed left ventricular wall motion abnormalities were determined as positive findings. RESULTS: The feasibility of exercise echocardiography was 75%. The sensitivity and specificity fo exercise ECG test was 67% and 89%. The sensitivity and specificity of exercise echocardiography was 85% and 100%. The sensitivity of ECG and echocardiography was 50%(7 of 14) and 78.6%(11 of 14) in those with one-vessle disease and 84.6%(11 of 13) and 92.3%(12 fo 13) in those with multi-vessle disease. CONCLUSION: Exercise stress echocardiography was very usefull method for detecting the coronary artery disease especially in single vessle disease. And it had much higher accuracy than the stress ECG test.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Electrocardiography ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: To describe the MR findings of simple bone cyst. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the signal intensity of the cystic contents, their margins, and internal septae, and the presence of bony fragment and pathologic fracture, and enhancement patterns in MRI of 10 pathologically confirmed simple bone cysts. RESULTS: On MR imaging, the cystic contents were of homogeneously low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI in nine cases and fluid-fluid level was seen in one case. The cystic margins were dark in all sequences. There were not any fragment in the cysts. Among the four cases with pathologic fracture, one case had fluid-fluid level and two had some areas of enhancement in the cyst or adjacent soft tissue. All nine cases with gadolinium enhancement showed thin rim enhancement along the inner margin of the cysts and internal septae. CONCLUSION: Homogeneous fluid-like signal intensity of cystic content and thin rim enhancement of margin and internal septae in MR imaging are believed to be helpful in the diagnosis of simple bone cyst.
Bone Cysts* ; Diagnosis ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Gadolinium ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

No abstract available.
Education* ; Humans ; Students, Medical*

No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Humans ; Outpatients* ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Epididymitis* ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Rats* ; Testis*

CT is a valuable diagnostic modality in evaluation of bladder injury, extension of paravesical hematoma, pelvic bone fracture or injury of adjacent soft tissue although the diagnostic accuracy of bladder injury itself is lower than that of retrograde cystography. We analized CT findings in thirty cases of bladder injury or paravesical hematoma due to blunt lower abdominal or pelvic trauma and compared them with operation fildings in eight cases. IVP in eight cases and cystography in fifteen cases. The types of bladder injury were classified as contusion, intraperitoneal bladder rupture, extraperitoneal bladder rupture and combined rupture. The locations of paravesical hematoma were classified as perivesical, prevesical or combined. There was no close relationship between the types of pelvic bone fracture and distribution of paravesical hematoma. The paravesical hematomas in fifteen patients without bladder injury were located in prevesical space only. Perivesical hematomas were noted in nine of fifteen patients with bladder injury and were not noted in patients without bladder injury. Thus, we concluded that the presence of perivesical hematoma on CT is a diagnostic sign of bladder injury even though extravasation of contrast from the bladder is not identified, and if there is extraperitoneal hematoma, possibility of bladder injury or other pelvic trauma should be considered.
Contusions ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones ; Rupture ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Memory*

BACKGROUND: Majority of hypertension is essential in type, so its clear cue usually is not found, and the patients are tend to be persisted of psychopathy such as emotional tension, depression, anger, anxiety and psychologic conflict, also not to be adapted to stressful event. So we decide to survey the personality characteristics of essential hypertensive patients and factors of psychopathology. METHODS: Patient group-50 persons(male 23, female 27) are selected in the course of antihypertensive medication, being in or outpatient treatment at the dept. of F.M. or I.M. in Kae-jung, Dae-sung or Jung-ang Hospital from August 1, 1995 to July 31, 1996. Control group 52 persons(male 25, female 27) are selected. Exclusision criteria are any clinical disease hystory, over 140/90mmHg of BP, under 20-year old age or no cooperation. We assessment of the MMPI, BDI and STAI results about both group. RESULTS: Comparing hypertensive group with normal control group, significantly higher F, Hs, D, Hy, Pd, Pt and Sc scales of MMPI and BDI(p<0.01), and anxiety scale of STAI(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in all scales comparing between both sexs in the hypertensive and control groups, except comparing hypertensive male with hypertensive female in Pt scale(p<0.05) and control female with control male in Hy scale(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Comparing essential hypertensive group with normal control group, significant higher score was found in scales of Hypochondriasis, Depression, Hysteria, Psychopathic deviate, Psychasthenia, Schizophrenia and anxiety. And in the treatment of hypertensive patient with antihypertensive drugs, appropriate additive psychotherapy appears useful in the case of revealing psychopathy.
Anger ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Anxiety* ; Cues ; Depression* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Hypochondriasis ; Hysteria ; Life Change Events ; Male ; MMPI ; Outpatients ; Psychopathology ; Psychotherapy ; Schizophrenia ; Weights and Measures ; Young Adult