Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a uncommon but severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in children.The infections are the most common causes in children.Its clinical manifestations are recurrent or persistent cough,shortness of breath,wheezing,crackles.The diagnosis relies on clinical manifestations,lung function ard high-resolution CT.There is no standard treatment,but experiential therapy.The article reviews the progress on laboratory examinations,diagnosis and treatment of BO.

Objective To evaluate the clinicophatholgic benefits and safty of antivirus therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis resulting from hepatitis B.Methods 80 patients with HBV-ralated liver cirrhosis were divided into three groups by the histopathology of liver:group of lamivudine treated with lamivudine 100 mg once daily;Adefovir group treated with Adefovir 10 mg once daily;control group treated with liver protective treatment only.Liver and renal function,PTA and HBV DNA were regularly measured.The Child push-Turotte sore and histopathology wag compared before and after treatment.All courses of treatment were 36 weeks.Results The scores of Child Pugh-Turotte sore in groups of lamivudine and Adefovir were lowered sinificantly (3.9 and 2.1 respectively),the load of HBV-DNA was decreased also[(4.1±0.9) copies/ml and(2.8±1.0) copies/ml],liver inflammmation decreased by more than 2 scores and liver fiber was improved by more than one score,with obviously significant difference(P<0.05) as compared with control group.Conclusion Patients with HBV-related cirrhosis treated with lamivudine and adefovir for antivims are improved and antivirus is important and safe to those during cirrhosis decompensation.

Objective Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor( PNET) is a rare kind of tumor with slow growth for which surgery is the main treatment.The histological grading of PNET was closely related to the choice of operation mode and the comprehensive treat-ment after operation.Imaging examinations such as enhanced CT and MRI are of great value in the preoperative diagnosis of PNET. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic features of CT and MRI in the PNET. Methods Preoperative imaging data of 80 patients with PNET confirmed by pathology were reviewed, including CT and MRI, and the image features of each PNET were an-alyzed and the statistical analysis was performed. Results There were significant differences in the lesion morphology between the G1 and G2 levels of PNET.The majority of forms of the G1 stage PNET lesions presented round-like regular shape, but the G2 stage did not show regular shape.CT examination showed that regular morphological lesions accounted for 91.30%(21/23) in the G1 level, and 52.00%(13/25)in the G2 level,χ2 =8.857,P=0.003.MRI examination showed that regular morphological lesions accounted for 88.48%(22/27)in the G1 level, and 55%(11/20) in the G2 level, χ2 =3.862,P=0.050.The difference of scan density in PNET lesions was statistically significant.Low density lesions accounted for 73.91%(17/23)in the G1 level, and 32%(8/25)in the G2 level.Equidensity lesions accounted for 26.09%(6/23)in the G1 level, and 68.00%(17/25)in the G2 level,χ2 =8.842,P=0.004.The difference of bile pancreatic duct expansion in the G1 and G2 level lesions was statistically significant by MRI examination. Lesions with expanded pancreatic duct accounted for 7.41%(2/27)in the G1 level,and 40%(8/20) in the G2 level, χ2 =7.287, P =0.007.There was significant difference in the peak time after en-hanced scanning between the G1 and G2 levels.Lesion enhancement peak at the arterial phase by CT examination of accounted for 21.74%(5/23) in the G1 level,and 64%(16/25) in the G2 level,χ2 =8.694,P=0.003.Lesion enhancement peak at the arterial phase by MRI examination accounted for 29.63% (8/27) in the G1 level, and 70% (14/20) in the G2 level, χ2 =7.521,P=0.006. Conclusion The lesion morphology, density of CT plain scan, CT or MRI enhancement peak time, and expansion of the bile duct and pancreatic duct can provide reliable information to distinguish the G1 and G2 stage in PNET.

Objective To study the expressions of progesterone receptor A (PRA) and B (PRB) in breast cancer and adjacent non-malignant tissues and the correlations between their expressions and the clinical characteristics. Methods The expressions of PRA and PRB in 50 specimens of female human breast cancer and adjacent non-malignant tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between the expressions of PRA and PRB and the clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results PRA and PRB expressed in both the nuclei and the cytoplasma of tumor cells and epithelial cells of the acini and ducts.The percentages of PRA and PRB positive cells were 42%,42% and 52%,36% in the cancer and the adjacent non-malignant tissues,respectively,there was no significant difference.The expression of PRA was significantly correlated with the age of patient(r=-0.316 8,P

Objective To evaluate the effect of Aiyishu injection on the cellular immunity state of body and toxic and side reaction in post-operation patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy .Methods Seventy patients with breast carcinoma at stage Ⅰ-ⅢA were randomly divided into treatment group (Aiyishu associated CAF regimen) (n=36) and control group (CAF regimen) (n=34).The activities of T cells and NK cells were examined in two groups before and after treatment,and the toxic, side reaction and living quality were also compared.Results The levels of CD3,CD4,CD8 and the ratio of CD4/CD8 and the activity of NK cells in treatment group were higher than those in control group (P

Objective To survey the biliary flora in patients with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic head cancer,also the multiple factors which affect the positive findings of bile culture in these patients.Methods The information of 65 patients with obstruetive jaundice due to pancreatic head eancer,who admitted to surgery in Huashan Hospital from Oetober 2007 to October 2008 were reviewed retrospectively.The factors which may potentially affect the detection of bile pathogen in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were studied with univarite analysis and muhivariate analysis,including age,history of biliary surgery,yellow stained time,serum alanihe aminotransferase level,serum bilirubin level,CA19-9 level,tumor size,site of obstruction,with or without clinical manifestations of biliary infection,and APACHE Ⅱ score.Results Twenty-five positive cultures happened in 65 bile samples (38.5％),including 21 strains of Gram-negative baeilli (72.4％),6 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (20.7％),and 2 strains of fungi (6.9％).Univariate analysis showed that the relevant factors which may affect the rate of positive bile culture in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site,biliary tract infection symptoms and APACHE Ⅱ score.Multivariate analysis showed that age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site and APACHE Ⅱ seore were independent risk factors.Conctusion Age,history of biliary surgery,biliary obstruction site and APACHE Ⅱ score were independent risk factors which led to positive findings of bile cultures in patients with obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic head cancer.

Objective To describe the hemodynamic characteristics of normal pancreas and pancreatic tumors by 64 slices helical CT perfusion imaging, to evaluate the role of CT perfusion in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors. Methods Perfusion CT scan was performed in 149 patients, including 36 patients with normal pancreas, 105 patients with pancreatic tumors and 8 patients with duodenal papillary carcinoma. The parameters including blood flow (BF) ,blood volume (BV) and permeability surface area product (PS) were measured. Results The mean value of BF, BV and PS of normal pancreas were (135.24±48.36) ml· min-1·kg-1, (200.55±54.96)ml/kg and (49.75±24.27) ml·min-1·kg-1, respectively. Pancreatic carcinoma has a lower BF, BV and PS,whieh were 31.77±19.36 ml·min-1· kg-1, (66.84±39.49)ml/kg and (37.64±27.14) ml·min-1·kg-1, respectively. The aforementioned parameters in pancreatic cysts were close to zero. The parameters in pancreatic carcinoma were significantly lower than those in normal pancreas(P<0.05); the BF and BV in duodenal papillary carcinoma were significantly lower than those in normal pancreas(P<0.05), while the value of PS was not significantly different from that in normal pancreas; the aforementioned parameters in pancreatic cysts were significantly different from those in normal pancreas(P <0.01). Conclusions In perfu sion CT, normal pancreas was an organ with symmetrical BF,BV and PS. Pancreatic carcinoma was a tumor with low perfusion and decreased PS. Duodenal papillary carcinoma had decreased BF and BV with no significant change in PS. Pancreatic cyst had no blood perfusion. The 64 slice helical CT peffusion imaging was invaluable in differential diagnosis of pancreatic tumors.

The multifocal visual electrophysiology is an objective and non-invasive method to examine visual function. It can examine many tiny areas of retina at the same time and have a particular advantage in diagnosing the early diseases of ocular fundus. This paper introduces the design of multifocal visual electrophysiology examining system. The system uses multidisplay technology exclusively owned by Windows 98 or above operating system to control graphics stimulator which generates specified hexagonal array. The white or black transition of each hexagon controlled by a binary m-sequence stimulates corresponding area of retina. The specified Burian-Allen electrode is used to extract the mixed signal originated from many areas of retina. The signal is amplified and A/D transformed. The computer separates the mixed signal through fast m-transform and gets the response of each area of retina. The fast m-transform is a fast computation of cross-correlations with binary m-sequences and can reduce cross-correlation computation to a single Fast Walsh Transform. So a lot of time can be saved.
Electrophysiology ; Electroretinography ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Systems Analysis ; Visual Perception ; physiology

[Objective]To study the dental status,the development of jaw and the size of sella turcica of children with ectoder-mal dysplasia(ED).[Methods]Panaramic radiography and lateral cephalograms of six ED individuals(age range of 6~7 years,five males and one female)were obtained. The dental status was record. 17 measurements about the jaws and the sella turcica were mea-sured and compare them to Chinese children without ED syndrome.[Results]The mean number of missing teeth was 22.3 in perma-nent dentition and 16.2 in primary dentition;The teeth that most likely to absent were permanent lateral incisor ,maxillary first premo-lar,maxillary primary lateral incisor and mandibular primary central incisor,and all remaining teeth are in conical shape. Lateral cephalometric measurements showed that all ED subjects had lower ANS-Ptm,which suggested a short maxilla. Low Co-Po,ANB, NA-PA,N-Me,N-ANS and ANS-Me values that were found in all subjects,as well as low SNA,Y-axis,MP-FH,S-Co,and high SNB,NP-FH,NP-FH that were noted in some subjects showed counterclockwise rotation and protrusion of mandible with short-er length in ED subjects. Some subjects had low ANS-Me/N-Me × 100%and high N-ANS/N-Me × 100%,representing a short facial height. Five cases represented lower length and diameter of sella turcica;two cases showed lower depth of sella turcica ,indicating the abnormal development of sella turcica.[Conclusion]The results of this study suggest that the dentition ,jaws and sella turcica in ED children differs when compared to individuals without this syndrome.

Objective To investigate the indication,techniques,safety and efficacy of medical suture versus traditional suturein thoracoscopic surgery incision closure.Methods From October 2014 to January 2016,121 patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery were divided into two groups according to the method of incision closure:53 cases of traditional suture group and 68 cases of medical suture hasp group.The time of closure,healing time,wound healing scores and patient's satisfaction were recorded and statistically analyzed.Results All patients were successfully operated without perioperative death.One patient underwent postoperative bleeding in the medical suture hasp group.The medical suture hasp was found to be reliable and easy to remove in secondary operation.The postoperative incision was changed to traditional suture.Two patients in each group had delayed healing.Two patients of medical suture hasp group were caused by incision bleeding,of whom one case switched to traditional suture,and one patient was treated with pressure bandage and healed.The wound closure time of the medical suture hasp group was significantly shorter than that of the traditional suture group:(110.0 ± 12.7) s vs.(305.0 ± 31.6) s,P ＜ 0.01.The wound healing scores of medical suture hasp group were higher than those of traditional suture group 2 weeks and 1 month after surgery (P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in healing rate between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The satisfaction scores of the patients in medical suture hasp group were higher than those in traditional suture group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The use of medical suture hasp in the thoracoscopic surgical incision closure process is safe and reliable.It can accelerate the early repair of incision,and improve patient's satisfaction.