Objective:To explore the influence of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in the lipid levels,atherosclerosis plaques and apoptosis in the plaques of atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knokout mice,and to clarify the mechanism of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in anti-atherosclerosis.Methods:Forty SPF male mice aged six-week old were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,low dose of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) group and high dose of TCM group (n=10)after fed adaptively for 1 week.The mice in normal control group were fed with normal diet continuously, the mice in other three groups were fed with high fat diet to establish atherosclerosis model,and then the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were respectively given Shenhong Tongluo Granules (5.06 and 10.12 g·kg-1 · d-1 )by gavage for 6 weeks. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)of the mice in various groups were measured after the eyeball blood was collected.The aortic arch tissue was separated,and the morphotogy and the areas of atherosclerotic plaques were observed and calculated by HE staining;the apoptosis in plaques of the mice was evaluated by TUNEL method, and the apoptosis index was calculated. The expressions of apoptosis-assoicated gene Bcl-2 and Bax protein were measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results:The serum level of TG in low dose of TCM group was lower than that in model group (P <0.05);the serum levels of HDL-C in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01);the serum levels of TG and HDL-C in high dose of TCM group was higher than that in low dose of TCM group (P <0.05).The areas of atherosclerotic plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly smaller than that in model group (P <0.01).The apoptosis index of mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly lower than that in model group (P <0.01);the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in atherosclerosis plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group,while the expression levels of Bax were significantly higher than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion:Shenhong Tongluo Granules could effectively reduce the serum lipid level of ApoE-/-mice,meanwhile it could inhibit apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein,and then inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective:To explore the influence of rosuvastatin in the lipid levels, atherosclerosis plaque and apoptosis in the plaque of atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mouse models, and to clarify the mechanism of rosuvastatin in inhibiting atheromatous plaque and apoptosis in the plaque.Methods:Thirty healthy six-week old male mice were randomly divided into high fat diet group (n=10),rosuvastatin group (n=10)and general diet control group (n=10).The mice in first two groups were fed with high fat diet,and the mice in general diet control group were fed with general diet;4 weeks later the mice in three groups were respectively given 0.9% NaCl solution,rosuvastatin (10 mg·kg·d-1 )and 0.9% NaCl solution by gavage for 8 weeks.And then ELISA was used to detect the serum lipid levels,the area of atherosclerotic plaque was measured by HE staining, and the apoptosis in plaques was detected by TUNEL method;the expression of apoptosis-assoicated gene Bax protein was measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results:Compared with high fat diet group,the levels of total cholesterol (TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)of the mice in rosuvastatin group were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the 1evel of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)was significantly increased (P<0.01).The aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in high fat diet group was massive with a great quantity of foam cells, cholesterol crystal, necrotic cells and inflammatory cells in the plaque;the aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in rosuvastatin group was smaller with less foam cells,necrotic cells and inflammatory cells;the aortic atherosclerotic plaque area of the mice in rosuvastatin group was significantly smaller than that in high fat diet group (P<0.01);the apoptotic index in the aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in rosuvastatin group was significantly lower than that in high fat diet group (P<0.01).Compared with high fat diet group,the expression of Bax protein in rosuvastatin group was significantly decreased.Conclusion:Rosuvastatin may inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaque and the apoptosis in plaques through mitochondrial pathway.

Objective:To analyze the expression of hsa-microRNA-6832-5p (hsa-miR-6832-5p) in bladder tumor tissues and bladder tumor cells, and to explore its interference on the expression of proline-rich protein 11 (PRR11) gene in bladder tumor cells and its effect on cell proliferation and migration.Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of hsa-miR-6832-5p in bladder tumor tissues, paratumorous tissues, bladder tumor cell lines and normal bladder epithelial cells. Bioinformatics predicts and the dual luciferase reporter gene validates the downstream target gene of hsa-miR-6832-5p. hsa-miR-6832-5p or miR-NC were transfected to the bladder tumor cell lines with the lowest expression level of hsa-miR-6832-5p, respectively, and named as miR-6832-5p group and miR-NC group. qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of hsa-miR-6832-5p and target gene mRNA in the transfected cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression level of target gene protein. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation and migration, respectively.Results:The expression of hsa-miR-6832-5p was lower in bladder tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues ( P<0.01). The expression of hsa-miR-6832-5p in bladder tumor cells was lower than that in normal bladder epithelial cells ( P<0.05), and T24 cells had the lowest hsa-miR-6832-5p expression level ( P<0.01). Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter genes showed that hsa-miR-6832-5p can directly act on the 3′-untranslated region of the PRR11 gene ( P<0.01). The expression of hsa-miR-6832-5p in the miR-6832-5p group was significantly higher than that in the miR-NC group ( P<0.01). The expression of PRR11 in the miR-6832-5p group was significantly lower than that in the miR-NC group ( P<0.01). Western blot results were consistent with qPCR results. Compared with the miR-NC group, the proliferation of bladder tumor cells was significantly decreased after transfection with hsa-miR-6832-5p ( P<0.05), and the migration ability of cells was significantly decreased ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The expression of hsa-miR-6832-5p was significantly decreased in bladder tumor tissues and cell lines. hsa-miR-6832-5p inhibited the proliferation and migration of bladder tumor cells by down-regulating the expression of PRR11 gene.

Objective:To observe the changes of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in the upper limbs of patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) cerebral infarction, and to explore its relationship with neurological impairment.Methods:From January 2015 to December 2016, 62 patients with 38 cases of male and 24 women of cerebral infarction who were treated in the department of neurology, Kailuan General Hospital were selected for a retrospectively prospective cohort study, including 38 males and 24 females.aged (66.7 ± 10.9) years old and ranging from 33.0 to 85.0 years old.According to the side of cerebral infarction, 37 cases were divided into left MCA group and 25 cases into right MCA group.During the 48 hours of admission, the electromyography evoked potential meter was used to detect the upper limb SEP, and the peak latency, amplitude and electrical activity waveform of the cerebral cortex potentials N20, P25 and N35 were recorded.Results:The results of SEP in the contralateral limbs of the left and right MCA cerebral infarction group were as follows: 1 case (2.70%) and 5 cases (20.00%) of normal median nerve; 36 cases (97.30%) and 20 cases (80.00%) of abnormality.The ratio of median nerve abnormalities in the group was statistically significant (χ 2=12.577, P<0.001). The ulnar nerve was normal in 3 cases (8.11%), 4 cases (16.00%); 34 cases (91.89%) and 21 cases (84.00%) were abnormal.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=2.320, P=0.128). The peak latency and/or amplitude of each peak decreased in 34 groups (60.71%) and 33 cases (60.00%) of the ulnar nerve; the waveform of electrical activity disappeared, 22 cases (39.29%) of median nerve and 22 cases of ulnar nerve (40.00%). The peak latency and/or amplitude decreased, the electrical activity waveform disappeared, and the median nerve and ulnar nerve were compared, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2=0.021, P=0.885). The National Institue of Health Storke Scale(NIHSS) scores of left and right MCA cerebral infarction group were 34 (91.89%) and 19 (76.00%) respectively.Among them, the disappearance of electrical activity waveform were 18 cases (52.94%) and 4 cases (21.05%)of median nerve; 18 cases (52.94%) and 4 cases (21.05%) of ulnar nerve.The SEP electrical activity waveform disappeared in patients with moderate or higher neurological impairment, and the median nerve and ulnar nerve were statistically significant (χ 2=20.613, 20.613, all P<0.001). Conclusion:The median nerve and ulnar nerve SEP of the contralateral upper limb, which is dominated by the acute middle cerebral artery cerebral infarction, were abnormally changed.The main manifestations were that the latency of each peak of N20, P25 and N35 was prolonged and/or the amplitude was significantly decreased, and the waveform of SEP electrical activity disappeared.In addition, the disappearance of SEP wave activities only occurred in moderate and above neurological damage

ObjectiveTo understand intensive care unit （ICU） doctors’ opinions and suggestions on implementing palliative care， and provides a reference basis for the implementation of palliative care in Chinese ICU. MethodsA purposive sampling technique was used to conduct one-on-one semi-structured interviews with 11 ICU doctors. Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method was utilized to code， classify， interpret， and comprehensively analyze the interview data. ResultsA total of 4 themes and 18 sub-themes was extracted， including cognitive biases toward palliative care， the belief that implementing palliative care in the ICU has significant humanistic implications （palliative care practice is the most perfect embodiment of medical humanities， palliative care in the ICU can alleviate patient pain and reduce invasive operations， palliative care can achieve comfortable care for ICU patients， palliative care focuses on maintaining the dignity of ICU patients， palliative care can pay attention to the inner voice of ICU patients， and implementing palliative care will help to more effectively allocate resources）， difficulties faced by ICU in carrying out palliative care （lack of clarity in relevant policies at the legal level， closed management environment in the ICU， insufficient manpower in the ICU and lack of palliative care professional team， inadequate understanding of ICU patients’ families， lack of death education， not included in medical insurance payments， and lack of communication skills of young doctors）， strategies to promote the development of palliative care in the ICU （ICU palliative care can be piloted first， the development of ICU palliative care screening tools will help with the development of palliative care， the palliative environment and the handling of death procedures can be further optimized， and the application and implementation of scientific methods to shorten the gap between evidence and practice of palliative care）. ConclusionsThe integration of palliative care and ICU in China is still blank. The significance of implementing palliative care in ICU should be emphasized， ICU doctors’ knowledge and skills of palliative care should be improved from multiple perspectives， patient preference should be emphasized to improve the knowledge and acceptance of palliative care of ICU patients’ families， and the promotion of palliative care in ICU clinical practice should be pioneered and piloted.