It is well established that pulmonary vascular resistance plays a pivotal role in the postnatal decrease of pulmonary arterial pressure in neonates.Catheterization has been demonstrated that mean pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP) equals or exceeds systemic for as long as 1 hour after birth.Thereafter,a gradual decrease in pressure occurs with the major fall taking place during the first 24 hours.By 3 days of age,the mean pulmonary arterial pressure is less than 50 per cent of that in the systemic circulation.Tricuspid regurgitation(TR) and ductal flow velocity(PDA) have the largest number of confidence steps in the expected range of values.The most repeatable technique is TR,but PDA might also be useful for a serial studies owing to the potential for large change.This paper reviews the PAP of normal full-term infants after birth by catheterization and Doppler ultrasound,in order to provide some clinic basis for pulmonary hypertension identification.

Endocardial fibroelastosis(EFE) is a rare heart disease with a thickening of the endocardium by layers of collagenous and elastic fibres.Patients with EFE have diastolic and systolic heart failure.With the improvement of medicine,some progress has been achieved in EFE research.This article gave a comprehensive review to deepen the understanding of EFE.

BACKGROUND:To in vitro isolate neural stem cel s with high purity and uniform biological properties and to establish a complete set of neural stem cel culture system is the basis for neural stem cel research.
OBJECTIVE:To establish an isolation and culture system for neural stem cel s from newborn mouse hippocampus, olfactory bulb and cortex and to analyze the biological properties of cel s.
METHODS:Neural stem cel s were isolated from the hippocampus, olfactory bulb and cortex tissue of newborn Kunming mice by mechanical separation and trypsin digestion. Serum-free culture technology, mechanical pipetting and trypsin digestion were used for subculture of neural stem cel s. 10%fetal bovine serum was used to induce differentiation of neural stem cel s. Neural stem cel s and their differentiated products were identified by
immunofluorescent staining of Nestin, CD133,β-TubulinIII, glial fibril ary acidic protein.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The neural stem cel obtained from newborn mouse hippocampus, olfactory bulb and cortex had the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation which were positive for Nestin and CD133. After induction with fetal bovine serum, neural stem cel could differentiation toβ-tubulinIII or glial fibril ary acidic protein positive cel s that were neurons and astrocytes. This experiment has successful y established the neural stem cel isolation, culture, identification and induction system, providing experimental basis for subsequent studies of neural stem cel s.