Objective To study the feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Methods Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was performed in 2 cases of renal malignant tumor and 2 cases of renal hamartoma from August to November 2005.After a retroperitoneal working space was established under laparoscope,the diseased kidney was mobilized with a harmonic scalpel.The renal artery and veins and the ureter were exposed and dissected.Then a laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was conducted.During operation a cotton thread was passed around the renal artery to control the blood supply.ResultsAll the operations were successfully accomplished.No conversions to open surgery were required.The operation time was 1.5 h,1.5 h,2 h,and 3 h,respectively.The intraoperative blood loss was 50~180 ml.A renal pedicel blockage for 25 min was needed in 1 case and was not required in the remaining 3 cases. Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is feasible.

Most of patients received in hospital with the upper and lower extremity fracture are caused by the earthquake.These fractures have apparent characters,such as:the serious situation,complexity and lots of complications which can be divided two periods:the early and the late.These complications include shock,the nerve and vascular injury,the acute kidney failure,fat embolism,infection,deep venous thrombosis,decubitus ulcer and so on.These complications should be known completely and the therapy should be given early.Practice can not be taken because of pain and some other reasons,and this will lead to the muscle atrophy,adynamia and the joint disfuction.Finally the abilty to work was lost partly or completely.If some measures about rehabilitation were taken early,we can reduce the complication and the disability possibly.

Most of patients received in hospital with the upper and lower extremity fracture are caused by the earthquake.These fractures have apparent characters,such as:the serious situation,complexity and lots of complications which can be divided two periods:the early and the late.These complications include shock,the nerve and vascular injury,the acute kidney failure,fat embolism,infection,deep venous thrombosis,decubitus ulcer and so on.These complications should be known completely and the therapy should be given early.Practice can not be taken because of pain and some other reasons,and this will lead to the muscle atrophy,adynamia and the joint disfuction.Finally the abilty to work was lost partly or completely.If some measures about rehabilitation were taken early,we can reduce the complication and the disability possibly.

Objective To compare the efficacy and complications among three surgical treatments of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.Methods Totally 209 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were divided into 3 groups:DHS group[n =115,patients treated with dynamic hip screws (DHS)],PFNA group [n=57,patients treated with proximal femoral nails anti-rotation (PFNA)] and SEFT group [n=37,patients treated with singlearm external fixator technique (SEFT)].The length of hospitalization,operative time,bleeding volume,hip function scores and complications were compared among the three groups.Results All patients were followed up for 5-12 months (10.6 months in average).The length of hospitalization,operative time,bleeding volume,weight-bearing time and Harris hip score in postoperative 3 months were (14.3±2.7) d,(102.4±22.7) min,(240.8±38.4) ml,(50.2±7.7) d,(88.7±12.8) min in DHS group,(11.2±3.4) d,(50.3±15.6) min,(80.5±18.7) ml,(22.6±4.8) d,(92.6±15.4)min in PFNA group,(15.1±3.3) d,(35.8±10.9) min,(52.6±12.9) ml,(55.4±10.1) d,(87.3 ± 12.6) min in SEFT group,respectively.There were significant differences in the length of hospitalization,operative time,bleeding volume,weight-bearing time and Harris hip score in postoperative 3 months among the three groups (all P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in healing time among the three groups (all P＞0.05).The incidence of complications was highest in DHS group,higher in SEFT group,and lowest in PFNA group (all P＜0.05).Conclusions DHS is more suitable for patients with good physical condition and stable fractures.SEFT is suitable for patients with poor condition,who can not tolerate trauma,anesthesia and bleeding.PFNA has more advantages including stable fixation,less invasive,less complications and wide indications,which is more suitable for femoral intertrochanteric fractures than the other two treatments.

Objective To study the effects of chrysophanol(Chry)on NO of brain tissue and anti-anoxia in mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 75 SPF Kunming mice were randomly allocated into five groups:sham operation group, ischemia-reperfusion group, high-dose group (Chry 10.0 mg ·kg-1), medium-dose group (Chry 1.0 mg ·kg-1) and low-dose group (Chry 0.1 mg ·kg-1). Using improved Himori method, cerebral ischemia reperfusion-injury model was produced in conscious mice by temporarily obstructing bilateral common carotid arteries. The neurological function was measured according to the Bederson scoring standard. The mice were subjected to decapitation for hypoxia tolerance test. The gasping time was measured by anoxia tolerance test in beheaded mice. The level of NO in cerebrum was detected. Results Chrysophanol can decrease the level of NO in cerebrum of mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and prolong the gasping time in beheaded mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury [low-dose group, (14.6±1.2) s; medium-dose group, (16.4 ± 1.2)s; high-dose group, (17.4 ± 1.1)s; ischemia-reperfusion group, (13.2 ± 1.0)s, P<0.05]. Conclusion The protective effects of chrysophanol on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury are involved in decreasing the content of NO in brain tissue and anti-anoxia in mice.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging features of von Hippel-Lindau disease to raise awareness of the disease. Methods The clinical and imaging data of a case of VHL patient were analyzed retrospectively and discussed with relative literature review. The patient was a 50-year-old man, who was admitted with the chief complaints of painless gross hematuria and blurred vision for 5 months. Imaging data and ophthalmoscopy examination showed bilateral multiple renal tumors, renal cysts, pancreatic cysts, hepatic cysts and retinal angioma in his right eye. He suffered a surgical operation for his cerebellar hemangioblastoma 12 years ago without family history. Results The patient underwent nephron- sparing surgery (NSS) in the left kidney. Five renal tumors were removed, and the largest tumor was 3.5 cm× 3.5 cm. Postoperative oral administration of Sorafenib agents was applied. Followed up for 4 months, the renal function was normal and the right kidney tumor reduced. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of multiple renal clear cell carcinoma. Conclusions VHL disease is a familial autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome, with the performance of hemangioblastorna in central nervous system, visceral tumors and multiple visceral cysts. Comprehensive imaging examination plays a major role in both the diagnosis and the follow-up of VHL disease.

Objective To investigate the relationship of urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and occurrence and invasiveness of bladder cancer. Method The expression of urinary VEGF in 48 patients with bladder cancer (bladder cancer group) and 45 normal cases (control group) were examined by ELISA immunohistochemical staining. Results VEGF levels in urine in bladder cancer group [(174.77±83.41) μg/L] were higher statistically than those in control group [(63.53 ±22.62) μg/L] (P < 0.01), and related to the staging and grading of tumors. VEGF levels were significant higher in invasive lesions [(223.00 ± 83.13) μg/L] than those in superficial ones [(130.40 ± 54.86) μg/L] (P < 0.01). VEGF levels of G3 [(259.23 ± 75.82) μg/L] were significant higher compared with G1 [(138.00± 85.60) μ g/L] and G2 [(146.22 ±47.53) μ g/L] (P < 0.01). Conclusion The concentration of urinary VEGF relates to the clinical staging and pathological grading, and it is a labeling index of the biological behavior of bladder cancer.

Object To investigate the effect of PPARαactivation on PPARγ-induced fatty liver in the mouse. Methods Wild type mice ( C57BL/6) aged 4 to 5 weeks were used as animal models.All mice were divided into four groups.The mice in the first group were fed with chow diet.The mice in the second group were fed with a diet containing 0.125%Wy-14,643, an agonist of PPARa, for 8 days.The mice in the third group were injected with Ad/PPARγvia tail vein for 5 day.The mice in the fourth group were firstly fed with Wy-14,643 diet for 3 days and then injected with Ad/PPARγvia tail vein for another 5 day.Mouse livers were collected and photographed.The effect of PPARαactivation on PPARγ-induced fatty liver was observed by H&E and Oil red O staining.Results Compared with the controls, wild-type mice treated with Wy-14,643 for 8 days exhibited marked hypertrophy of hepatocytes with increased cytoplasmic eosinophil-ia and proliferation of peroxisomes.The liver size was significantly increased in the wild-type mice treated with Ad/PPARγfor 5 days, and over-expression of PPARγstrongly induced hepatic steatosis.Importantly, the wild-type mice pretreated with Wy-14,643 for 3 days and then given Ad/PPARγinjection exhibited dramatically the increase of liver size, which might be due to the dual function of PPARa and PPARγ.Compared with the Ad/PPARγgroup, the Wy-14,643 pretreat-ment group showed a reduced hepatic steatosis.Conclusions Activation of PPARαby Wy-14,643 effectively improves PPARγ-stimulated hepatic steatosis, which provides a novel target for prevention and therapy of fatty liver.

Objective To investigate the expressions of E-cadherin (E-cad)in arterial chemoembolization interventional therapied bladder carcinoma.Methods The expressions of E-cad in bladder tumor tissues of30 non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated with preoperative interventional chemotherapy and 20 invasive bladder carcinoma treated with surgical were measured by streptavi-din-peroxidase immunohisto chemical method.The changes of E-cad expression in bladder carcinoma before and after interventional treatment were analyzed.Results The averaged normal expressions rate of E-cad in non-muscle-invasive and muscle invasive bladder carcinoma was 70.0% (21/30),25.0% (5/20)respectively.The averaged normal expressions rate of E-cad after interventional treatment was improved to 90% (27/30),the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05 ).Conclusion The expressions of E-cad in bladder carcinoma had significant relations with pathological grade and clinical stage.The abnormal expressions of E-cad in the mucosal surface, may be associated with inflammation.Interventional treatment can significantly improve the expressions of E-cad of tumor tissue and delay the progress of bladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the interventional therapy and its value in the metal foreign matter in the stomach. Methods Eight patients with metal foreign matter in the stomach was studied. All patients were male, and their age ranged from 28 to 46 years with the mean age of 32.2 years. All patients had the medical history of swallowing metal foreign matter in compulsory detoxification or imprisonment. The catheter was inserted into the stomach lead by guide wire lubricated by paraffine. Then the guide wire was withdrawn and a 2.6 m long guide wire was folded in the middle and was inserted into the sromach through the catheter. A loop was made on the guide wire, and the loop was controlled to to hitch the forigen mater, then the guide wire was drawn out slowly . Results A total of 12 metal foreign matters in the stomach in all 8 patients were taken out safely, and no comqlications occurred. Conclusion The interventional therapy for the metal foreign matter in the stomach is simply, minimal invasive, cheap, effective, and with little complication. This therapy is a clinic treatment, the patient is glad to accept, and is the ideal therapy for foreign matter in the stomach.