No abstract available.
Siderosis

No abstract available.
Sciatica* ; Siderosis* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Pulmonary siderosis is one kind of pneumoconiosis, occurs from chronic inhalation of iron or iron oxide. Inhaled iron dust is deposited in the intra-alveolar spaces, which leads to radiological changes and respiratory symptoms. It is diagnosed by iron exposure history, radiological changes, and the evidence of intra-alveolar iron deposit. We have experienced a case of pulmonary siderosis which was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy, so report it with a review of literature.
Biopsy* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Dust ; Inhalation ; Iron ; Lung* ; Pneumoconiosis ; Siderosis*

Experimental ocular siderosis was induced in fourteen albino rabbits by the insertion of iron fragments through the scleral incision made at equatorial region. ERGs were recorded up to 30 days after the insertion of iron, both in scotopic and photopic conditions. Light stimulus used was electronic photoflash of 2 msec duration. The changes in the scotopic b-wave were classified into 3 types. The first type (4 eyes) showed gradual decrease finally attaining 54.6% of the original amplitude. The second type (3 eyes) showed supernormal b-wave during whole period of study, the increase reached 43.0% after 30 days. In the third type (6 eyes) the b-potential remained almost stationary. The scotopic a-wave changed in a similar way as the b-wave. Sometimes negative (-) type ERGs were recorded, especially during the falling stage of the b-potential. The photopic a- and b-waves changed almost parallel to the scotopic components. By slitlamp biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy, fibrous connective tissue proliferated around the iron fragments, never extending deep into the vitreous body. Fundi were well visible except the insertion site. Histological section revealed moderate scar tissue formation around the insertion site of iron, and mild visual cell and ganglion cell destructions.
Cicatrix ; Connective Tissue ; Ganglion Cysts ; Iron ; Ophthalmoscopy ; Rabbits ; Siderosis* ; Vitreous Body

PURPOSE: We report a rare case of ocular siderosis with delayed-onset secondary glaucoma occurring 10 years after cataract and iron foreign body removal. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old male who suffered an ocular injury with an iron material to his left eye 3 years prior to his initial visit was treated in our clinic for a cataract with siderosis lentis. Ten years after he underwent cataract surgery he developed secondary open-angle glaucoma. Trabecular block taken during trabeculectomy showed no iron material, however, a fibrosclerotic change was observed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a history of traumatic siderosis lentis, a potential risk of siderosis remains for a long period.
Cataract* ; Foreign Bodies ; Glaucoma* ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Siderosis* ; Trabeculectomy

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system(SSCNS) is a rare disease characterized by hemosiderin deposition on the surface of the central nervous system. We report a case of SSCNS originating from the thoracic spine, presenting with neurological deficits including, sensorineuronal hearing loss, ataxia, and corticospinal and dorsal column tract signs. The patient underwent dural repair with an artificial dural patch. Clinical findings were elicited by neurological examination, imaging studies, and intraoperative findings, and these were addressed through literature review.
Ataxia ; Central Nervous System* ; Hearing Loss ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Neurologic Examination ; Rare Diseases ; Siderosis* ; Spine*

Welder's siderosis was traditionally described as "benign pneumoconiosis" because of the absence of associated symptoms, functional impairment or pulmonary fibrosis. Although several authors have reported evidence of fibrosis in the lungs of welders, siderosis with local massive fibrosis has been rarely described. In this paper, we present a case of Welder's siderosis with local massive fibrosis mimicking lung cancer.
Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Siderosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Superficial siderosis (SS) is a rare disorder characterized by deposition of hemosiderin in the leptomeninges and subpial layer of the central nervous system. Recently SS suggested a subtype of cerebral amyloid angiopathy which is an important cause of lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We present a patient with cortical SS had seizure and cognitive dysfunction as symptom and lobar ICH in the existed area of cortical SS 4 years later. This case suggested cortical SS could be a warning sign of lobar ICH.
Central Nervous System ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Seizures ; Siderosis

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SSCNS) is a rare disorder caused by hemosiderin deposits in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord due to prolonged or recurrent low-grade bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Central nervous system tumor could be one of the sources of bleeding. Some problems exist at present regarding the diagnosis and treatment of SSCNS in China. On account of fewer cases, the insufficient awareness of the condition, and the lack of long-term follow-up data, enough attention has not been paid to etiological diagnosis. The speculative high rate of missed diagnoses of SSCNS indicates a great disparity in the treatment from the world's advanced level. Related data of clinical and basic research need to accumulate as soon as possible to promote the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The progressive neurological deficits are involved in the typical clinical manifestations of SSCNS with a triad of bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia and signs of corticospinal tract dysfunction. Nevertheless, there are few patients with the triad signs at the same time, which lead to a delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Detection of this disease was commonly post-mortem until the advent of MRI with signal and location characteristics, which made diagnosis easier. Siderosis appears as a hypointense rim covering the surface of the cerebellum, the brain stem, the spinal cord, similar to a black pencil line, thin on SE-T2-weighted images, thick and conspicuous on GE-T2-weighted images or on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The only effective way of treating the disorder is to identify the source of bleeding and remove it. MR examination is useful for seeking a source of bleeding too. Therefore, once superficial siderosis is considered, lesions of the central nervous system must be searched using MRI of the brain and spine. We report here a 37-year-old male diagnosed of SSCNS with the classical clinical symptoms of cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss and myelopathy. T2-weighed MRI showed characteristic marginal hypo-intensity around the central nervous system. Etiological explorations revealed a large conus medullaris / cauda equina ependymoma filling the lumbosacral spinal canal, a myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) confirmed by surgical resection and histopathological examination. The related literature was reviewed to ascertain the mechanism of SSCNS secondary to MPE, and to discuss the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of SSCNS. This paper aims to improve the awareness of SSCNS and diagnostic level, and to lay stress on the etiological explorations that is beneficial to the development of exact treatment plan.
Adult ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; China ; Ependymoma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Siderosis ; Spinal Cord

BACKGROUND: Heart failure resulting from myocardial iron deposition is the most important cause of death in beta-thalassemia major (TM) patients. Cardiac T2*magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echocardiography, and serum ferritin level serve as diagnostic methods for detecting myocardial iron overload. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the above-mentioned methods. METHODS: T2*MRI and echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function were performed in 63 patients. Serum ferritin level was measured. The relationships between all assessments were evaluated. RESULTS: There were 40 women and 23 men with a mean age of 23.7+/-5.1 years (range, 15-35 years). There was no statistically significant correlation between serum ferritin level and LV systolic and diastolic function (P=0.994 and P=0.475, respectively). T2*MRI results had a significant correlation with ferritin level; 63.6% of patients with serum ferritin level >2,000 ng/mL had abnormal cardiac MRI, while none of the patients with ferritin level <1,000 ng/mL had abnormal cardiac MRI (P=0.001). There was no significant correlation between MRI findings and LV systolic function (P=1.00). However, we detected a significant difference between LV diastolic function and cardiac siderosis (P=0.03) CONCLUSION: MRI findings are a good predictor of future cardiac dysfunction, even in asymptomatic TM patients; however, diastolic dysfunction may happen prior to cardiac siderosis in some patients, and echocardiography is able to diagnose this diastolic dysfunction while T2*MRI shows normal findings.
beta-Thalassemia* ; Cause of Death ; Echocardiography* ; Female ; Ferritins ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Iron ; Iron Overload ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Siderosis