The purpose of this article is to explore the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of bipolar disorder， so as to provide a new perspective for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder. The pathogenesis of bipolar disorder remains unclear， while research has identified multiple pathways by which gut microbiota may be involved in the development of bipolar disorder， making it a potential new target for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Therefore， this article reviews recent research advances on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of bipolar disorder， thus providing a reference for further research on bipolar disorder.

Ketamine has gained increasing attention as a novel antidepressant. This article reviews the clinical studies on the antidepressant and anti-suicidal properties of ketamine and its enantiomers （R-ketamine， S-ketamine）.

The purpose of this article was to introduce the types of a multiway table data and their corresponding statistical analysis methods. Based on the data types of the result variables， common high-dimensional table data could be divided into the following three categories， namely， the high-dimensional table data with binary variables， multi-valued nominal variables and multi-valued ordinal variables as the result variables. There were two main categories of the statistical analysis methods for the multiway table data. The first category was the generalized difference analysis， in which the contents included "weighted χ² test""CMH χ² test" and "Meta analysis"， the second category was the regression analysis， in which the contents included "log linear regression model analysis""Logistic regression model analysis" "probit regression model analysis" and "discrete choice model analysis".

The purpose of the paper was to introduce the methods for the homogeneity test of odds ratio of a special multiway table （i.e g×2×2 table） and its SAS implementation. In the FREQ procedure of SAS/STAT， five approches for the homogeneity tests of odds ratio were introduced in detail. They were "Breslow-Day test""Breslow-Day-Tarone test""Q test""I2 measurement statistic and its uncertainty limit" and "Zelen΄s exact test". In addition， the approaches for "the homogeneity tests of the relative risk and the difference of the risk rate" were also introduced. Combining two examples， the article introduced the concrete content of the homogeneity test for the odds ratio based on SAS software， explained the output results， and concluded the statistical and professional conclusions.

The purpose of this article was to introduce the odds ratio analysis method of g×2×2 table data and the calculation method based on SAS software. The contents included the following aspects： firstly， the homogeneity test of the odds ratio of the data in the g×2×2 table was performed； secondly， when the data met the homogeneity requirements， point estimation and confidence interval estimation for the common odds ratio based on the correction method were implemented； thirdly， when the data did not meet the homogeneity requirements， based on the approach of "the conditional distribution of the frequency in the （1，1） grid in each layer 2×2 table" ， these things， such as the point estimation and confident interval estimation as well as hypothesis testing about the common odds ratio， were accurately estimated and performed. All calculations were realized based on the FREQ procedure in SAS/STAT by means of two real examples. Furthermore， the output results of SAS software were explained， and the statistical and professional conclusions were made.

The purpose of the paper was to introduce the relative risk analysis method of g×2×2 table data and the calculation method based on SAS software. The contents included the following aspects： firstly， the homogeneity test of the data in the g×2×2 table was performed； secondly， when the data met the homogeneity requirements， the point estimation and confidence interval estimation of the common relative risk based on the correction method were implemented； thirdly， when the data did not meet the requirements of homogeneity， the common relative risk RRDL and its 95% confidence interval were estimated， based on the DerSimonian-Laird method （DL method for short）； fourthly， when the data met and did not meet the requirements of homogeneity， the hypothesis of "whether the common relative risk equals to 1" was tested. Combining two examples and based on SAS software， the paper completed the following three tasks： ① the homogeneity test for the relative risk； ② the point estimation of the common relative risk； ③the confidence interval estimation of the common relative risk. The last two tasks were performed under the conditions of the data met and did not meet the homogeneity requirements， respectively. The output results of SAS software were explained， and the statistical and professional conclusions were made.

ObjectiveTo study the prospective memory deficits of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of patients， so as to validate the possibility of prospective memory as an endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. MethodsHealthy controls， obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of patients， each with 25 cases， matched for age， education， gender， IQ and marriage status were enrolled. The standardized prospective memory paradigm with a multi-trial design was conducted， and the accuracy was used as an indicator of prospective memory function. ResultsThe accuracy of event- and time-based prospective memory tasks of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients was lower than that of healthy controls， with statistical differences ［（0.74±0.24） vs. （0.88±0.13）， d=-0.140， P=0.044； （0.77±0.21） vs. （0.93±0.10）， d=-0.164， P=0.011］. The accuracy of event-based prospective memory task of unaffected first-degree relatives was also lower than that of healthy controls， with statistical difference ［（0.73±0.20） vs. （0.88±0.13）， d=-0.144， P=0.036］. ConclusionObsessive-compulsive disorder patients has extensive prospective memory deficits， indicating that prospective memory may be an endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

ObjectiveTo explore the anhedonia level and its relationship with cognitive function in patients with first-episode psychosis， and to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive function. MethodsA total of 143 first-episode psychiatric patients who met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） in the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from December 2016 to March 2019 were selected. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） was used to evaluate the patient’s psychiatric symptoms， in which N2 （emotional withdrawal） and N4 （passive/apathetic social withdrawal） were used to assess the anhedonia level， and patients whose （N2+N4） scores beyond 4 were classified into anhedonia group， and those with （N2+N4） scores less than or equal to 4 were classified into non-anhedonia group. Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） was used to measure the depressive symptoms， and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery （MCCB） was used to detect cognitive function. Then the clinical symptoms and cognitive function of two groups were compared， and the influencing factors of cognitive function were screened by multiple linear regression analysis. ResultsThe negative symptom score， general pathological symptom score and total score of PANSS in anhedonia group were significantly higher than those of non-anhedonia group， with statistical difference （P<0.05）. The score of working memory in adolescent subgroup， the scores of information processing speed， attention/alertness and vocabulary learning in adult subgroup of anhedonia group were lower than those of non-anhedonia group， with statistical difference （P<0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the anhedonia score and the duration of untreated psychosis were the influencing factors of working memory in adolescent subgroup （P<0.05）. ConclusionPatients with high levels of anhedonia suffer more severe mental symptoms and cognitive impairment， moreover， anhedonia is one of the influencing factors of working memory in adolescents.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of supportive psychotherapy in mental health improvement of COVID-19 positive patients， and to provide references for the implementation of early psychological intervention measures in response to the sudden epidemic outburst， such as COVID-19. MethodsA total of 35 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to ICU ward of Wuhan People’s Hospital from February 1 to March 1， 2020 were enrolled in this study. All the selected individuals received a 2-week supportive psychotherapy. Then Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， Patients’ Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale （GAD-7） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） were used to evaluate the sleep quality， depression， anxiety and social support of participants at the baseline and the 2^nd week of the intervention. ResultsInsomnia was detected in 32 patients （91.43%）， anxiety symptoms in 31 （88.57%）， depressive symptoms in 32 （91.43%）， and 29 patients （82.86%） reported feeling a lack of social support. After 2 weeks of intervention， the PSQI， GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores decreased （t=5.272， 5.475， 4.621， P<0.01）， and SSRS score increased （t=-4.639， P<0.01）. After the intervention， the proportion of patients with insomnia， anxiety， depression and lack of social support was also decreased （χ²=18.714， 16.232， 16.970， 4.480， P<0.01）. ConclusionSupportive psychotherapy may ameliorate anxiety， depression and sleep quality in COVID-19 patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy （IPSRT） on first-episode adolescent depressive disorder， so as to provide references for the treatment. MethodsA total of 310 first-episode adolescents with depressive disorder who met the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） were included as the research objects. They were randomly divided into research group （n=155） and control group （n=155）. The research group received IPSRT， while the control group received conventional psychological intervention. Before and 2 weeks after the intervention， all participants were asked to complete Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）， Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） and Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire （ICQ）. The sleep quality was evaluated by portable monitoring devices. ResultsAfter intervention， compared with the control group， HAMA score ［（5.92±1.04） vs. （10.23±1.09）， t=-10.310， P<0.01］， time to fall asleep ［（0.26±0.09）h vs. （1.29±0.78）h， t=-4.701， P<0.01］ and time in bed［（10.19±0.99）h vs. （11.30±1.38）h， t=-2.353， P=0.027］ in research group were significantly lower. In research group， active social interaction ［（20.23±1.59） vs. （17.38±1.33）， t=4.959， P<0.01］， appropriate rejection ［（14.77±1.17） vs. （11.77±1.48）， t=5.740， P<0.01］， self-disclosure ［（20.92±1.66） vs. （16.15±1.46）， t=7.780， P<0.01］ and affective support ［（21.00±1.53） vs. （18.85±1.99）， t=3.092， P<0.01］ of ICQ were significantly higher than those in control group. ConclusionThe implementation of IPSRT in first-episode adolescents with depressive disorder may help to improve sleep quality， adjust inappropriate psychological state and improve interpersonal skills.