Objective To explore the behavior characteristics in children with benign epilepsy combined with centro-temporal spikes(BECTS).Methods Eighty-two children with BECTS aged 2.5-3.0(2.65?2.31)years old,51 male,31 female,who were free of mental retardation assessed with Gesell developmental schedules,untreated with antiepileptic drugs,and were investigated 15 days after the latest seizure.Eighty-two healthy children with sex and age matched to the cases,53 male,29 female,aged 2.5-3.0(2.6?0.4)years old.The behavior characteristics of infants in BECTS group and control group were assessed with CBCL,including 6 behavior factors which were sleep problem,social flinches,depression,physical aspect,attacking,act of sabotage and the infants-middle school student social ability scale.Results The total scores of behavior characteristics and the scores of depression,sleep problem,attacking and act of sabotage in BECTS group were all higher than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant.However,scores of social flinches,and physical aspect in BECTS group had no significant differences compared with those of control group.There were no significant difference of social adaptive component between the BECTS and control group.Conclusions Children with BECTS have behavior disorders to some extent,but their social adaptive capacity are the same as normal children.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the expression of 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) mRNA in rat hippocampal neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and restoration (OGD/R).Methods Hippocampal neurons isolated from pathogen-free neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats born within 3 days,were cultured primarily and seeded in 96-well plates (100 μl/well) or 6-well plates (2 ml/well) at the density of 1 × 106 cells/ml.The cells were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=30 each):control group (group C),group OGD/R,and different concentrations of dexmedetomidine groups (DEX1-3 groups).The cells were cultured in normal culture medium in group C and the cells were subjected to OGD/R in the other groups.In DEX1-3 groups,dexmedetomidine with the final concentrations of 0.1,1.0 and 10.0μmol/L were added,respetively,at 2h before OGD.At 24h of restoration,hippocampal neurons were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H.E) for examination of pathological changes,the cell survival rate was detected by MTT method,the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected by colorimetric method,and the expression of OGG1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The pathological changes of neurons were obvious in group OGD/R,and the pathological changes of neurons were significantly mitigated in DEX1,DEX2 and DEX3 groups.Compared with group C,the cell survival rate and SOD activity were significantly decreased,MDA content was increased,and the expression of OGG1 mRNA was down-regulated in OGD/R,DEX1,DEX2 and DEX3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group OGD/R,the cell survival rate and SOD activity were significantly increased,MDA content was decreased,and the expression of OGG1 mRNA was up-regulated in DEX1,DEX2 and DEX3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the indices mentioned above between DEX1,DEX2 and DEX3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine may protect hippocampal neurons against oxidative stress injury by up-regulating the expression of OGG1 mRNA in rat hippocampal neurons subjected to OGD/R.

?AlM: To observe the effect of Qingguang'an on elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery through the four Qingguang'an effective groups and Qingguang'an granules, to discuss and compare their mechanism of action on scarring area of filtration canal.?METHODS:Four effective components of Qingguang'an were used in groups D, E, F, G and H after glaucoma surgery, compared with group A ( blank ) , group B (model) and group C ( MMC) to observe the effect of elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring filtration canal.?RESULTS:Compared with the preoperative basic lOP and 2d , 1, 2, 4wk postoperative lOP of groups C, E and H, the lOP of three group rose up slower than other groups, and kept the lowest data at 28d. There was significant difference compared with the rest of A, B, D, F, G groups (P<0. 05). The area and density of elastic fiber in surgery group were significantly different with that of black control group ( P<0. 05 ), but there were no statistical differences between groups C and H, groups C and F, groups H and E (P>0. 05). The difference was statistically significant among other groups (P<0. 01).?CONCLUSlON:The scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery is the major reason which lead to the failure of surgery. Qingguang'an effective group 2, Qingguang'an granules and MMC could reduced the scar tissue by restrained the elastic fiber, TlMP - 1 and increased the MMP-7. By observing the experimental results that both Qingguang'an effective group 2 and Qingguang'an granules could restrained the scarring area of filtration canal, the effects were unbiased, Qingguang'an granules group is better than effective group 2.

OBJECTIVETo study a new method of simultaneous repair of alveolar cleft and the deformity of the nose and lip.

METHODS42 patients with cleft of alveolar process were included in this study. We filled the cleft of alveolar process with iliac cancellous bone and covered the depression of piriform aperture and the nasal side with iliac cartilage. Simultaneously, we corrected the nasal deformity using V-Y plasty of a mucosa-cartilage compound flap at the nasal vestibule.

RESULTSIn the patients aged 9 approximately 11 years, the mean height of the repaired alveolar process was 86.7%; the mean thickness was 89.6%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade I or II. The canine erupted at the place of bone grafting. The depression of the piriform aperture and alae nasi was repaired. The contour of the nares was symmetrical. In the patients over 12 years, the mean height of the alveolar process was 70.1%; the mean thickness was 71.7%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade II or III. The deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal dome was not ameliorated in 2 patients of 18 years old.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of iliac cancellous and chondral bone to simultaneously repair cleft of alveolar process and the nasal deformity is an ideal plastic method. It can recover the height of alveolar process and the continuity of dental arch, ameliorate the nasal deformity, and redress the deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal end. It can also eliminate the psychological obstacle of the patients at an early stage.

Adolescent ; Alveolar Process ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw Abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Nose ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the recovery method of facial nerve function and to compare the clinical effect after operation of parotid carcinoma, which invades stylomastoid foramen and peripheral bone in deep lobe.

METHODSThree operation methods were taken: (1) The tumor, parotid, invasive facial nerve and bone around the tumor were resected with transplantation of facial nerve. (2) Tumor parotid and facial nerve were resected without transplantation of facial nerve. (3) Tumor and parotid were dislocated from facial nerve, keeping the continuity of facial nerve.

RESULTSFor the first method, facial nerve function of 68.2% patients came back to the patients without facial paralysis before operation, while facial nerve function of 16.7% patients came back to the patients with facial paralysis before operation. There was obvious difference between them (P < 0.05). To the patients with facial paralysis before operation, the first and the second method were taken. The ratio of local control was 33.3% and 10.0% respectively. And survival for 5 years were 25.0% and 10.0% respectively. There was no obvious difference between the two methods (P > 0.05). To the patients without facial paralysis before operation, three methods of operation were taken. The ratio of local control was 77.3%, 48.0% and 33.3% respectively. And survival for 5 years were 86.4%, 52.0% and 41.7% respectively. There was obvious difference between the first method and the other two (P < 0.05). There was no obvious difference between the second and the third methods (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFacial canal dissection in operation of parotid carcinoma with recovery of facial nerve can not only resect tumor completely, but also fit for development of functional surgery. It is an ideal method for surgery operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Facial Nerve ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of autogenous vein cuff and injection of cerebral cell growth peptide on the recovery of the injured facial nerve.

METHODSThe injured facial nerve was anastomosed and covered with an autogenous vein cuff. Cerebral cell growth peptide was then injected to it. The different repairing methods were evaluated and compared with electromyography and observing functional recovery of the mimetic muscles.

RESULTSThe new repairing method accelerated the recovery of the injured facial nerve. The recovery period of mimetic muscle function was significant shorter than the traditional method (P < 0.01). The recovery period of I-stage repairing was significant shorter than that of II--stage repairing (P < 0.01). The conduction velocity of the repaired facial nerves had no obvious differences between the new repairing method and the traditional method (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONApplication of the autogenous vein cuff to cover the nerve anastomosis and injection of cerebral cell growth peptide is a promising method for facial nerve repairing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Facial Nerve ; physiopathology ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Growth Substances ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Conduction ; Veins ; transplantation

OBJECTIVETo study a new method for repair of facial depression and facial nerve defect after parotid carcinoma resection.

METHODS12 patients with parotid carcinoma and peripheral bone invasion were treated using facial nerve canal dissection and radical resection of the tumor, the parotid gland and the involved facial nerve and bone, including the mastoid, stylomastoid foramen, styloid process and the rear part of the mandible. A sternocleidomastoid muscle flap was elevated and transferred to repair the facial depression. The great annular nerve in the flap was anastomosed with the severed end of the facial nerve in the canal.

RESULTSThe depressed deformity of the parotid area was well corrected in 9 patients. The aesthetic results were compromised in 2 patients because of tumor recurrence and reoperation. The depressed deformity was not corrected in 1 patient because of infection. Postoperatively, the function of the facial nerve recovered to a normal level. The recovery time ranged from 12 to 20 weeks ,with an average of 16.3 weeks. The local control rate of tumor was improved.

CONCLUSIONSImmediate transplantation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle-great auricular nerve flap and facial nerve canal dissection in radical parotidectomy can repair the depressed deformity of the parotid area, restore facial nerve function,and decrease tumor recurrence. The method is an ideal operation with functional recovery.

Adult ; Cervical Plexus ; Facial Nerve ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Muscles ; transplantation ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; innervation ; Treatment Outcome

To analyze the constituents in supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (SFE-CO2) of Radix caulophylli, the Radix caulophylli was extracted with SFE-CO2, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analysis with a DB-5MS capillary column (30 mm x 0.32 mm ID, 0.25 microm film thickness) was used. The inlet temperature was maintained at 280 degrees C. The column oven was held at 80 degrees C for 2 min, then programmed from 80 to 280 degrees C at 5 degrees C x min(-1) and, finally, held for 4 min. Helium at a constant flow rate of 2.0 mL x min(-1) was used as the carrier gas. The mass spectrometry conditions were as follows: ionization energy, 70 eV; ion source temperature, 200 degrees C. The mass selective detector was operated in the TIC mode (m/z was from 40 - 500). For the first time 49 peaks were separated and identified, the compounds were quantitatively determined by normalization method, and the identified compounds represent 97.44% of total GC peak areas. Viz, n-hexadecanoic acid (31.4%), (E, E) -9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (26.54%), (Z)-7-tetradecenal (9.4%), hexadecenoic acid (3.23%), 10-undecenal (3.22%), octadecanoic acid (2.25%), and caulophylline (1.76%) etc. The results will provide important foundation for understanding the constituents and further exploitation of Radix caulophylli.
Carbon Dioxide ; Caulophyllum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Linoleic Acid ; analysis ; Palmitic Acid ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two kinds of enteric coated tablet of Zhengqing Fengtongning.

METHODA single dose of 45 mg kg(-1) test or reference preparation was administrated by randomized crossover way in 12 rabbits. The plasma concentrations of drug were determined by HPLC. The pharmacokinetics parameters and relative bioequivalence were calculated with 3p97 program.

RESULTThe concentration curves based on drug-time of both test and control preparations were presented by one-compartment model, tmax were (0.81 +/- 0.34), (0.60 +/- 0.30) h respectively, Cmax were (11.16 +/- 0.58), (11.90 +/- 1.44) microg mL(1) respectively, AUC(0-->t) were (61.58 +/- 6.70), (60.56 +/- 6.67) microg h mL(-1) respectively, relative bioavailability was (102.77% +/- 15.63)%. Suggesting no significant diffirence between the main pharmacokinetic parameters of two prepations.

CONCLUSIONThe two preparations are bioequivalent.

Animals ; Biological Availability ; Cross-Over Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Male ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Tablets, Enteric-Coated ; Therapeutic Equivalency

Objective: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of tumor vaccines in colon carcinoma model mice. Methods: Mouse bone marrow⁃derived dendritic cells（BMDCs）were stimulated by using CpG β⁃glucan nanoparticles（CNP）in vitro. The BMDCs were divided into PBS group，NP group（without CpG nanoparticles），Lysate group（MC38 cell lysate）and CpG group（CpG1826），which were determined for the expression of marker molecules on the surface by flow cytometry and for the contents of interleukin⁃6（IL⁃6）and IL⁃12p40 in the culture supernatant by ELISA. The tumor lysate nano⁃vaccine was pre⁃ pared by mixing 50 mg／mL tumor lysate（MC38 cell lysate）with 200 mg／mL CNP in a volume ratio of 1∶1，with which mice were subcutaneously immunized as Vaccine group. Vaccine group，PBS group，CNP group and Lysate group were im⁃ munized once a week，for three times in total. Mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MC38 cells，2 × 105 cells for each， in the right lower limb 1 h after the last immunization，and measured for tumor volume once every three days to plot the tumor growth curve. The ratios of CD3+ CD4+ T and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in the blood were analyzed by flow cytometry and the levels of tumor necrosis factor⁃α（TNF⁃α）and interferon γ（IFNγ）in the blood and spleen of mice were determined by ELISA. Results: CNP effectively increased the expression of CD11c+ CD80+，CD11c+ CD86+，CD11c+ MHC⁃Ⅱ+ and the secretion of IL⁃6 and IL⁃12p40 in BMDCs in vitro，which were significantly higher than those in other 4 groups（t = 4. 3 ~ 46. 2，each P < 0. 05）. Compared with that of the other three groups，the tumor volume of mice in Vaccine group decreased significantly（t =2.6~3.4，eachP <0. 05）；TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinCD3+ CD8+ TandCD3+ CD8+ Tcellratios（t = 0.5~ 1. 9，each P > 0. 05）；The content of IFNγ in blood increased significantly（t = 3. 8 ~ 4. 6，P < 0. 05），while thatof TNF⁃α showed no significant difference（t = 0. 4 ~ 2. 0，each P > 0. 05）；However，the contents of IFN γ and TNF⁃α in spleen increased significantly（t = 6. 3 ~ 13. 0，each P < 0. 001）. Conclusion The prepared nano⁃vaccine of tumor lysate improvedtheimmune level in mice and effectively inhibited the growth of colon carcinoma.