Cinobufacino injection is a significant anti-tumor medicine for the treatment of various tumors in clinic, which was made from water extraction of the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans. In present paper, HPLC-DAD-FT-ICR-MS method was used to identify the major bufadienolides in cinobufacino for the first time. Solid-phase extraction with dichloromethane and silica was used to enrich the total bufadienolides in cinobufacino. Based on the UV and high resolution MS/MS data, 33 bufadienolides were analyzed and characterized. Among them, eight compounds were identified by comparing with standard references unambiguously. This study elucidated the major bufadienolides in cinobufacino, which provided material foundation of cinobufacino and will be benefit for the further pharmacological research.
Amphibian Venoms ; chemistry ; Animals ; Bufanolides ; analysis ; chemistry ; Bufo bufo ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

To obtain chemical constituent information of rat plasma after oral administration of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD), a LC-FT-ICR-MS method has been established, and both positive and negative ions scan modes were include in the analysis. By comparing their retention time, high resolution mass data of HLJDD extracts, blank plasma and dosed plasma, 38 constituents, including 22 prototype compounds and 16 metabolites, were detected in rat plasma after oral administration of HLJDD. In the 22 prototype compounds, 16 constituents were determined unambiguously by comparing with references. In the analysis of metabolites, phase II reactions like glucuronidation and sulfation were the major biotransformation pathways of HLJDD. M11 was observed as the only phase I metabolite in present experiment. The results will be beneficial for the further pharmacokinetics and pharmacological evaluations of HLJDD.
Administration, Oral ; Alkaloids ; blood ; Animals ; Biotransformation ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; blood ; Iridoids ; blood ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate prevalence and epidemiologic features of Saffold virus (SAFV) in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infection Tianjin area. Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory infection and fecal samples from children with digestive tract infection in Tianjin Children ’s Hospital were collected from January 2013 to December 2013. Viral nucleic acid was extracted, and SAFV infection was determined by using real-time quantitative PCR. Positive PCR products were sequenced. The sequencing results were aligned with known gene sequences of SAFV sequences in GenBank. The positive viral infection rate of nasopharyngeal aspirates and fecal samples, viral positive constituent ratio and positive detection rate in different age groups, seasonal distribution of SAFV infection were calculated. Other common respiratory tract or digestive tract viruses were also detected. Results Fourty-three (11.9%) nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory infection tested positive for SAFV. There was no significant difference between male and female infected children (aged between 6 d and 12 years old). The 79%(34/43) of the patients with SAFV infection aged under 1 year old. The infection most occurred in summer and winter. The 63 (16.4%) fecal samples from children with digestive tract infection tested positive for SAFV. There was significant difference between male and female infected children (aged between 5 h and 11 years old). SAFV infection was found to be year round. There was no significant difference in different age groups of nasopharyngeal aspirates and fecal samples. The mixed infection rate with SAFV and other respiratory tract or digestive tract viruses were 7.0%(3/43)and 12.7%(8/63), respectively. Conclusion Infection of SAFV had occurred in children with acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infection in Tianjin. SAFV has high detection rate in these children and is more common in children
aged under 1 year old. The data suggest that some of acute respiratory infection or digestive tract infections in pediatric patients are related to SAFV. The Clinical doctors should pay attention to them .

OBJECTIVETo comparatively study the efficacy and safety of unilateral and bilateral balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of painful multi-vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures.

METHODSFrom May 2002 to June 2007, 41 consecutive patients with painful multi-vertebral osteoporotic compression fractures underwent unilateral or bilateral kyphoplasty. The unilateral group included 3 male and 14 female with an average age of 70.4 (range 52 to 91 years old). The bilateral group included 4 men and 20 women with an average age of 72.4 (range 61 to 87 years old). Each procedure included insertion of inflatable balloon, fracture reduction and cement filling under "C"-arm monitoring. Preoperative and postoperative pain level, SF-36 score, radiographs and complications were recorded and analyzed.

RESULTSAll 41 patients tolerated the operation well. The mean operation time were (86 +/- 32) min and (120 +/- 26) min for unilateral and bilateral groups respectively; the mean volume of cement injected into one level were (3.9 +/- 1.6) ml and (5.4 +/- 2.1) ml for unilateral and bilateral groups respectively. The mean follow-up were (32.5 +/- 17.2) months and (30.7 +/- 14.3) months for unilateral and bilateral groups respectively. The mean VAS pain score of unilateral group decreased significantly from 7.4 +/- 2.1 preoperatively to 2.7 +/- 1.9 postoperatively (t = 2.50, P < 0.05) and 3.1 +/- 2.2 at final follow-up, the mean VAS pain score of bilateral group decreased significantly from 7.9 +/- 2.1 preoperatively to 2.3 +/- 2.5 postoperatively (t = 2.41, P < 0.05) and 2.7 +/- 2.2 at final follow-up, no significant difference was found between two groups. Significant increase of the mean height of anterior and medial vertebral body were recorded after the operation and maintained at final follow-up. The mean correction of local kyphosis was 7.2 degrees +/- 4.9 degrees for unilateral group and 7.3 degrees +/- 5.9 degrees for bilateral group, no significant difference was found between two groups. Postoperatively, 6 of 8 subscales measured by SF-36 were significantly improved for both groups. Complications were found in 7 patients including 6 cases of cement leakage and 1 case of pulmonary embolization.

CONCLUSIONAs a minimally invasive procedure, unilateral or bilateral kyphoplasty is effective and relatively safe for multi-vertebral osteoporotic compression fracture.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression ; etiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; Spinal Fractures ; etiology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty ; methods

Objective To discuss the histology change,apoptosis state and Bcl-2,Bax expression after the bone cement leakage into the intervertebral disc in vertebroplasty.Methods Eight majority canis familiaris were studied.Three lumbar intervertebral discs(L2 to L5)in each dog were randomly classified into three groups(control group,PMMA group,and CPC group),the canine discs were stabbed by 18-gauge needle,and 0.1 ml cement was injected into them.Control discs were only stabbed and injected with nothing.Histology of all discs was studied 24 weeks after the operation.Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL)and immunohistochemisty were used to detect apoptosis and Bcl-2,Bax expression in the discs.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 12.0.Results Intervertebral disc degeneration was not found in control groups.In bone cement groups,however,ruptured or serpentine patterned fibers,decreased cellularity of the nucleus pulposus and condensed matrix of the nucleus pulposus were found in histologic results.The Bax protein decreased in the order of control group, CPC group,and PMMA group.However,the Bcl-2 protein increased in the order of control group,CPC group,and PMMA group.The histology grade was significantly different among the three groups under ANOVA analysis(P

Objective To study the clinical outcomes of titanium-coated interbody fusion system in treating lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis.Methods A retrospective study was made in 22 cases with lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis including 15 with degree I spondylolisthesis and seven with degree II spondylolisthesis treated by posterior lumbar interbody fusion using titanium-coated fusion cages from June 2002 to December 2003 in our hospital.There were six males and 16 females,with age range of 41-68 years(mean 52.5 years).In all cases,double cages were implanted with additional posterolateral bone graft,supplemented with pedicle screw systems.The average preoperative and postoperative disc space height,foraminal height,segmental and lumbar lordosis,spondylolisthesis and domain of sagittal rotation on flexion-extension radiographs were measured and fusion state observed.The Oswestry disability index (ODI)was used to evaluate the clinical outcome.Results The fusion rate was 95.4%.There was significant recovery of disc space height,foraminal height and domain of sagittal rotation.ODI decreased significantly.Conclusion The anatomic titanium-coated fusion system is effective and safe in treatment of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis because it has advantages in restoring sagittal alignment and keeping bony endplate intact.

OBJECTIVETo study the thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprint of flavonoid constituents from Polygonatum odoratum, to set up the identification protocol of the herbal and provide scientific information for its quality control.

METHODThe ethanol extracts were separated on silica gel G precoated plate with a mixture of toluene-ethylacetate-formic acid (5:4:1) as the mobile phase. The spots were visualized with ammonia vapor, then were examined under ultraviolet light (365 nm). The plate was scanned at wavelengths of lambdaR = 500 nm, lambdaS = 280 nm.

RESULTA fingerprint of flavonoids of P. odoratum, with 10 specific fluorescent spots while examined under ultraviolet light, was set up.

CONCLUSIONThe method can be used for quality control of P. odoratum.

Chromatography, Thin Layer ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygonatum ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical features of CD56(+) patients with acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5) and their prognostic significance. The data of 76 newly-diagnosed patients from our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: CD56(+) group (21 patients) and CD56(-) group (55 patients). The clinical features, CR rate, relapse rate, the duration of CR, and survival time of patients between the two groups were compared. The results indicated that the CD56(+) antigen was observed in 21 patients (27.6%), their median age was 51.5 years and with a range 16 - 70 years. Of the 21 CD56(+) patients, the high WBC count was found in 57.1% CD56(+) patients (12/21), but it only in 15% CD56(-) patients (P < 0.05). The extramedullary infiltration was seen in 13 CD56(+) patients, and accounted for 62% (13/21), meanwhile this infiltration was found in 18 CD56(-) patients (18/55) and accounted for 33% (P < 0.05). All cases immunophenotypically highly expressed CD13, CD33, CD64, CD11b, cMPO, CD38, in which only the expression frequency of CD11b was positively related with CD56 (r = 0.59, P < 0.05). The CR rate in CD56(+) group accounted for 60.0%, and had no significant difference in comparison with that in CD56(-) group. In CD56(+) group the relapse rate was 75% (P = 0.042), the mean duration of CR was 5.5 months (95%CI, 3.1 - 8.6, P = 0.002), the median overall survival time was 10.1 months (95%CI, 2.3 - 16.3, P = 0.001). and all these had statistical significance as compared with that in CD56(-) group. It is concluded that CD56(+) AML-M5 patients always complicate with high WBC count and extramedullary infiltration, their CR rate and duration of CR are lower and shorter respectively, their relapse rate and prognosis are high and poor respectively.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Application of ex vivo expanded megakaryocytic progenitor cells (MKPC) is a strategy for the treatment of thrombocytopenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Some growth factors including thrombopoietin (TPO), megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-3, IL-6, IL-11, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and serotonin (5-HT) have been demonstrated to play an important role on the regulation of megakaryocyte/platelet development, the efficient conditions for the expansion of the megakaryocyte (MK) progenitors from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were discussed in this review article. TPO alone produced a high proportion of MK progenitors but a low total cell count. The addition of IL-1 beta, IL-3, IL-6 and Flt-3L improved the expansion outcome. The combination of three to five cytokines produced more efficient expansions of hematopoietic stem and MK progenitors. PDGF also enhanced the ex vivo expansion of CD61+ CD41+ cells and CD34+ cells in combination with TPO, IL-1 beta, IL-3, IL-6 and Flt-3L. PDGF is a suitable growth factor to improve the ex vivo expansion of MKPC without promoting their in vitro maturation. More importantly, PDGF also enhanced the engraftment of human stem and progenitor cells in NOD/SCID mice. It has been reported that MKPC can be safely administered to autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant recipients. In short, MKPC can be expanded ex vivo and safely applied to autologous transplant.
Cells, Cultured ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Serotonin ; pharmacology ; Thrombocytopenia ; prevention & control ; Thrombopoietin ; pharmacology