Objective To evaluate the role of Akt and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in the development of chemoresistance in gastric cancer and the relation between Akt and NF-κB.Methods SGC-7901 cells were exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs (doxorubicin and etoposide ) or chemotherapeutic drugs combined with Wortmannin or MG-132.The cell growth was detected using MTT method.The apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells was measured by TUNEL and Annexin V/PI methods.The protein level of NF-κB was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining.Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to confirm the increased nuclear translocation of NF-κB/P65.chemotherapeutic drugs could obviously inhibit the growth of SGC-7901 cells in time-dose-dependent manner.Pretreatment of SGC-7901 cells with Wortmannin or MG-132 could promote this inhibitory κB in a dose-dependent manner.Wortmannin or MG-132 pretreatment could enhance the apoptosis of NF-κB was found in SGC-7901 cells stimulated with Wortmannin,but no activation of Akt was noted in those treated with MG-132.Conclusions The chemotherapeutic drugs can both induce apoptosis and activate Akt and NF-κB in SGC-7901 cells.The efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs can be increased via inhibiting activation of Akt or NF-κB.

Objective: To analyze chromosome aberrations in bladder transitional cell carcinoma with exfoliated cells, and to evaluate the clinical value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in bladder cancer. Methods: FISH was performed using centromeric probes of 3, 7, 17 and locus probe of p16 to examine chromosome aberrations of exfoliated cells of 56 bladder cancer patients and 20 healthy controls to analyze the correlation of chromosome aberration with the pathological features of bladder cancer. The urine cytology of the 56 bladder cancer patients was performed. Results: The rates of aneuploidy of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 were 58.9%, 39.3%, 58.9% and 75.0% for aberration of p16 in exfoliated cells from the 56 bladder cancer patients. All of the aberrations had no correlation with tumor stage (P>0.05). The aberrations of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 were significantly correlated with pathological grade (P<0.05). The sensitivity of the 4 chromosome probes for detecting bladder cancer was 80.4%. The detection rate of FISH was obviously higher than that of udne cytology. Conclusion: Chromosome aberration is correlated with the growth of bladder cancer. The detection of FISH has significance for early di-agnosis, prognosis evaluation, and recurrence monitoring of bladder cancer.

AIM: To study the protetive effects of Danshenhonghua Injection (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae,Stigma Croci,etc) on acute cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS : The model of acute incomplete cerebral ischemia was built by ligaturing bilateral carotid arteries. Cerebral index,cerebral water content ,capillary permeability of brain,and the change of cerebral morphology in rats were observed. RESULTS : The cerebral index,cerebral water content,capillary permeability of brain decreased remarkably with 7.2,14.4mg?kg -1 of Danshenhonghua Injection,and the injury of brain tissue was also abated by Danshenhonghua Injection significantly. CONCLUSION : Danshenhonghua Injection has the protetive effects on acute cerebral ischemia.

Adolescent ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Respiratory System ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the distribution of arterial stenosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovas-cular disease and its risk factors .Methods 224 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were divided into four groups according to DSA results .Patients showed no stenosis or mild stenosis were selected as control group ( 43 ca-ses),the other patients were divided into pure extracranial stenosis group (41 cases),simple intracranial stenosis group (93 cases) and extracranial stenosis group (47 cases).The results of laboratory test were analyzed .The ques-tionnaire was designed and the indicators including name ,age,long-term smoking,drinking,hypertension and diabetes were collected .Results Of all the subjects , there were 181 cases with artery stenosis .Single factor results showed that gender,age,long-term smoking,long-term drinking,hypertension,diabetes,high homocysteine,high level of lyso-phosphatidic acid were the independent risk factors of cerebral artery stenosis (χ2/t =8.744, 5.562, 10.736, 11.032,9.812,10.002,9.083,2.576,all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that high homocysteine ,long-term smoking and drinking were the risk factors of simple intracranial artery stenosis .High homocysteine and high fibrino-gen were risk factors of simple extracranial stenosis .Age,hypertension,long-term smoking and drinking ,high homocys-teine and fibrinogen were risk factors of intracranial and extracranial stenosis .Conclusion In patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases ,the simple intracranial artery stenosis is most common .The incidence of cerebral artery ste-nosis has age characteristic ,with the increase of age ,the incidence rate of intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is rising.High homocysteine,long-term smoking and drinking,hypertension,diabetes,high lysophosphatidic acid are independent risk factors of cerebral artery stenosis .

In this study, we investigated the effect of aspirin on tumor biological effects mediated by hepatocyte growth factor/cellular-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (HGF/c-Met) axis, and preliminarily explored the molecular mechanism of inhibiting tumor metastasis by aspirin. The binding of aspirin to c-Met was predicted by molecular docking; cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) was used to verify the binding of aspirin to c-Met at the cellular level. The inhibitory effect of aspirin on c-Met kinase was detected by kinase activity; Western blot, cell scattering test, cell branching morphogenesis and Transwell test were used to evaluate the cell signal transduction, morphological changes and migration and invasion ability. The results showed that aspirin could effectively inhibit the kinase activity of c-Met with a half inhibitory concentration of 0.95 mmol·L^-1. The results of docking showed that aspirin could bind to the ATP pocket of c-Met protein, and the main binding sites were Tyr1230, Tyr1159 and Met1229. The CETSA test also showed that aspirin could form binding complex with c-Met protein. Western blot results showed that aspirin could inhibit the up-regulation of phosphorylated Met stimulated by HGF in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of cell scattering test showed that aspirin could block HGF/c-Met promoted cell scattering in a concentration dependent manner. Aspirin could almost completely block the biological function mediated by c-Met activation at the concentration of 4 mmol·L^-1, and this effect was independent of HGF. Similarly, the results of MDCK cell branching morphogenesis experiment showed that aspirin could inhibit HGF/c-Met mediated invasive growth in a concentration dependent manner. The results of Transwell test showed that aspirin could block HGF/c-Met mediated cell migration and invasion in a concentration-dependent manner. Aspirin could almost completely block the biological function mediated by c-Met activation at the concentration of 4 mmol·L^-1, and this effect was independent of HGF. The above results indicate that aspirin can bind to c-Met, thereby blocking the biological effects mediated by HGF/c-Met, and inhibiting tumor metastasis. This study revealed the new biological function of aspirin, and provided a new theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of the anti-metastatic effect of aspirin.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects of plate and xenogenic bony plate for the treatment of nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after initial fixation with locked intramedullary nailing.

METHODSFrom February 2006 to June 2013, 21 cases with nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after initial fixation with locked intramedullary nailing were treated with femoral plate and contralateral xenogenic bony plate. There were 12 males and 9 females with an average age of 34.8 years old (ranging from 18 to 62 years). The time of nonunion was 9 to 18 months (averaged 12.8 months). The clinical outcomes of the treatment were evaluated by Merchan assessment.

RESULTSAll of the patients were primary healing, and on complications such as infection,fat embolism, internal fixation breaking or rotational deformity, shortening were occurred. All the cases were followed up for 13.2 months (ranging from 8 to 24 months). Nineteen cases were bone healed,the time of union averaged 6.2 months (ranging from 4 to 9 months). Two cases appeared delayed union and gained bony union after 7 to 13 months' observation. According to the criterion of Merchan,the results were excellent in 13 cases, good in 6 cases, poor in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONTreatment of nonunion of femoral shaft fracture after initial locked intramedullary fixation with plate and xenogenic bony plate has advantages of high curative rate and low complications, good postoperative function recovery, it is a reliable treatment to elevate the stability of fixation and promote the osteogenesis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; Retinol-Binding Proteins ; urine

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification

Objective: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) is an important natural source of vitamin E. 2-Methy-6-phytyl-1,4- benzoquinone methyltransferase (MPBQ MT) is a key enzyme in vitamin E synthesis pathway. MPBQ MT gene was cloned, bioinformatics was analyzed, and expression was analyzed to provide the foundation for the biosysthesis and regulation mechanism of vitamin E in safflower. Methods: According to the intermediate sequence obtained from the database of the safflower seed,MPBQ MT gene sequence was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE techniques, and the protein characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics and constructing phylogenetic tree. The expression of MPBQ MT gene in the different development stages was analyzed using real time-PCR. Results: The full cDNA sequence of MPBQ MT gene was 1 392 bp, named CtMPBQ MT, contained an open reading frame (ORF, 1 038 bp), and encoded a protein of 345 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 38 900. The conserved structural domain analysis showed that it had the typical functional domains of SAM protein. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analyses showed that the MT MPBQ gene had some homology with other amino acids, and among them CtMPBQ MT had 89% and 86% of consistency with MPBQ MT of Helianthus annuus and Lactuca sativa. The expression of CtMPBQ MT gene in safflower seeds at different development stages was determined by quantitative real-time PCR, it was found that the highest expression level of CtMPBQ MT gene was detected in 50 d after flowering. Conclusion: MPBQ MT gene of safflower is successfully cloned, analyzed, and expressed, meantime a basis for the study on matter in the synthesis and regulation of vitamin E is provided.