Objective To compare the postoperative effect of pars plana vitrectomy,phacoemulsification and intraoeular lens (IOL)implantation with silicon oil removed,phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.Design A retrospective case-control study.Par- ticipants 91 cases(104 eyes)of proliferative diabetic retinopathy with tractive retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage were per- formed cataract surgery with IOL implantation.Methods All patients were followed up average 6 months,in whom 52 eyes with pars plana vitrectomy,phacoemulsification and IOL implantation(combined group),and the other 52 eyes with silicon oil removed,pha- coemulsification and IOL implantation(sequential group).The differences of the postoperative visual acuity and inflammatory reactions of the anterior chamber between the two groups were analyzed.Main outcome measures Visual acuity and inflammatory reactions of the anterior chamber.Results There were 14/52 eyes with best corrected visual acuity more than 0.1 in combined group and 8/52 eyes in the sequential group after the surgeries(X~2=-6.87,P=0.07) .Corneal edema happened in 16/52 eyes in combined group and 6/52 eyes in sequential group 1 week after the surgeries(X~2=11.53,P=0.001).Keratic precipitate happened in 20/52 eyes in combined group and 9/52 eyes in sequential group after the surgeries(X~2=5.79,P=0.019) .Conclusions The incidence of postoperative anterior chamber in- flammation is higher in Phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy group.

Orange peel was used as lowcost adsorbent in binding of Methylene Blue.The effects of equilibrium time,pH,dye concentration have been studied.Carboxyl,amine and phosphonate functional groups were present in the orange peel.The equilibrium time was 1 hour,the maximum adsorption capacities of the orange peel was 370.3?31.0 mg/g at pH 10.The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were well fitted in this biosorption system.Results showed relatively higher rate constant and biosorption capacities.These adsorption performance indicate the orange peel as a potentially economical adsorbent for dye removal.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of histological prostatitis (HP) on the clinical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) and its clinical significance.

METHODSWe retrospectively studied the data of 273 cases of BPH and 240 cases of PCa, including age, prostate volume, total prostatic special antigen (tPSA), prostatic special antigen density (PSAD), maximum urinary flow rate (MFR) and acute urinary retention (AUR).

RESULTSTotally, 186 cases of BPH (68.13%) and 45 cases of PCa (18.75%) were complicated by HP, with statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the patients with BPH only, those complicated by HP showed significantly elevated tPSA, PSAD and total prostate volume (all P < 0.05), decreased MFR (P < 0.05) and increased risk of AUR (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the patients' age between the two groups (P > 0.05). The levels of tPSA and PSAD were remarkably higher in the PCa patients complicated by HP than in those with PCa only (all P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in the other indexes between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHP may play a certain role in the progenesis and progression of HP and PCa, but HP is associated more closely with BPH.

Aged ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; etiology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; complications ; Prostatitis ; complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Retention ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the primary prevention role of Wuling Capsule (WC) on poststroke depression (PSD) patients.

METHODSAcute stroke patients were recruited and randomized into 2 groups by stratification, 55 in each group. All patients received same routine treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Patients in the experimental group additionally took WC (0.33 g each pill), 3 pills per day, three times per day; while those in the control group additionally took placebos, 3 pills per day, three times per day. Two weeks consisted of one therapeutic course. The diagnosis of PSD was performed once every other week. Those in accordance with PSD diagnosis discontinued any drug therapy. Those not in accordance with PSD diagnosis continued the drug therapy for 1-12 therapeutic course(s) (in total of 6 months). If they were still not in accordance with PSD diagnosis, then they discontinued the drug therapy. The morbidity of PSD, the average time of depression occurrence, Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) score, and adverse reactions were observed.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, and 6-month morbidity of PSD was 8%, 16%, and 34% in the experimental group, while they were 19.6%, 29.4%, and 54.9% in the control group. The occurrence rate was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Besides, there was statistical difference in the 6-month occurrence rate between the two groups (chi2 = 4.465, P < 0.05). The average time of PSD occurrence was longer in the experimental group than in the control group (14.96 +/- 8.31 weeks vs. 9.36 +/- 6.06 weeks; t=6.762, P < 0.05). The HAMD score at the PSD occurrence was 11.96 +/- 2.14 in the experimental group, lower than that of the control group (14.57 +/- 4.24), showing statistical difference (t=5.641, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWC was superior to the placebos in lowering the incidence of PSD, delaying the occurrence time of PSD, attenuating the depression degree of PSD, and had certain preventive effect on the incidence of PSD.

Aged ; Capsules ; Depression ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Primary Prevention ; Stroke ; complications

Objective To investigate the action mechanism of Qingjin Huatan Decoction on regulating COPD rats with mucus hypersecretion in airway. Methods Fifty 6-8 week old Wistar male rats were randomly divided into healthy group, model group, Qingjin Huatan Decoction group, clarithromycin group, 10 rats in each group. Except for healthy group, all the other groups were used the combination method of injecting LPS and smudging to establish COPD models. The last three groups were fed with normal saline, Qingjin Huatan Decoction, clarithromycin respectively for 30 days. On the 31st day of the experiment, the rats were put to death to take lung tissue. 6 rats from each group were chosen randomly, and the protein expressions of NE, EGFR and MUC5AC mRNA in lung tissue were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results The expressions of NE, MUC5AC mRNA in lung tissue of COPD rats were higher than the healthy group. Compared with model group, the expressions of NE mRNA and MUC5AC mRNA in Qingjin Huatan Decoction group and clarithromycin group were markedly lower, while the expressions of NE, MUC5AC mRNA in Qingjin Huatan Decoction group were significantly lower than those in clarithromycin group. The expression of EGFR mRNA in Qingjin Huatan Decoction group was lower than that in model group. Conclusion Qingjin Huatan Decoction can inhibit mucus hypersecretion in airway through NE/EGFR/MUC5AC signal transduction pathway.

AIM: To observe the changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness ( SFCT ) after intravitreal injections of ranibizumab ( IVR ) for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion ( RVO) .
METHODS:Thirty-six eyes of 36 patients with macular edema secondary to RVO) were treated with 0. 5mg IVR monthly for 3mo and received additional IVR as needed over the following 1a period. SFCT of the all eyes ( the affected eyes with RVO and unaffected fellow eyes ) was measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images before and after the IVR.
RESULTS: The mean SFCT of the affected eyes with RVO decreased from 246. 7±115. 0μm at baseline to 220. 5±102.0μm at 1mo (P<0.05), 198.3± 114.0μm at 6mo (P<0.01), 212. 6± 96. 0μm at 12mo (P<0. 01). Whereas the fellow eyes changed from 229. 4±108. 0μm at baseline to 226. 3±107. 0μm at 1mo (P>0. 05), 228. 6±127. 0μm at 6mo (P>0.05), 223.6±101.0μm at 12mo(P>0.05). There were statistically significant difference between affected eyes with RVO and unaffected fellow eyes.
CONCLUSION: The SFCT is decreased after IVR for macular edema secondary to RVO. IVR seems to affect the hemorheology of the choroid.

Background Whether the wearing of bifocal lenses can delay the development of myopia in school childhood is in controversy.To assess the effect of bifocal lenses using evidence-based medicine method is of important significance.Objective Present study was to compare the effect of bifocal lenses with single vision lenses in retarding myopia progression in school-aged myopic children.Methods This was a evidence-based medicine study.The systematical literature search was performed from MEDLINE(1966 to October 2010),EMBASE(1974 to October 2010),Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Database(1978 to October 2010),and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry combined with hand searching of related bibliographies of journals and books were applied to collect the randomized-controlled clinical trial about bifocal lenses.Screening,evaluation and data extraction of the retrieved literature were performed by two investigators independently.Mata-analysis was used to assess the progression of refraction and axial length among included randomized clinical trials.Results Three high-quality randomized-controlled clinical trials meeting the inclusion criterion were included in this meta-analysis.The results showed that the weighted mean difference in progression of refraction was 0.22D between bifocal lenses and single vision lenses(95% CI:-0.24-0.67),and the difference was statistical insignificance(P=0.35).The weighted mean difference in progression of refraction during the follow-up durations of 6,12,18,24 and ＞30 months were 0.15(95% CI:-0.09-0.38),0.17(95% CI:-0.05-0.39),0.42(95% CI:-0.14-0.98),0.23(95% CI:-0.21-0.66) and 0.03(95% CI:-0.40-0.46),respectively without statistical significance.The weighted mean difference in elongation of axial length between two interventions was -0.17mm(95% CI:-0.26-0.08) with a statistically significance(P=0.000).Conclusion Based on currently available studies,bifocal lenses could not significantly slow the progression of myopia in myopic school-aged children in comparison with single vision lenses.Because only few high-quality studies are currently available,this conclusion need to be supported by more large-sample-size clinical trials.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of Caroli′s disease in children.Methods The clinical data,laboratory examination and radiological feature of 8 children with Caroli′s disease between Feb.1998 and Dec.2007 were analyzed retrospectively.All children underwent CT and abdominal ultrasonogram.Results Five cases of the 8 children were male and 3 cases were female.The mean age was 6.3 years old.The cases′ history were from 5 days to 4 months.The clinical symptoms showed that 3 cases had hematemesis,5 cases had hepatosplenomegaly,and 1 case had fever and turbid urine.Of the total 8 cases,5 cases were hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis and hepatosplenomegaly,3 cases were portal hypertension,and 1 case had cholangitis.The other 3 cases were simple types.One case had infantile polycystic kidney disease.Laboratory analysis revealed 2 cases had dysfunction of liver and 1 dysfunction of renal.The imaging characteristics showed multiplied irregular dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts in enlarged liver,with central dot sign on CT scan.One case presented enlarged gastroesophageal vein.The 8 cases undertook conservative treatment,with no surgery.Conclusions The symptoms of Caroli′s disease are highly variable.Caroli′s disease should be focused especially on children with abdominal pain and hepatomegaly.CT is important for diagnosis of Caroli′s disease at earlier stage.The disease can be conservatively treated,and(or) surgically operated.

Objective To explore the relationship between the diabetic retinopathy (DR) and the carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT) in type 2 diabetic patients to reveal the relationship between macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in diabetic patients further. Methods One hundred and tweenty-three diabetic cases in patient chosen from 2008 to 2009 were divided into diabetic retinopathy group(DR) and non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR) by fundus examination. The patients were asked about their disease history including durations, smoking and so on. Meanwhile the carotid artery IMT, systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc), body mass index(BMI) were measured of all the cases. The incidence of increased carotid artery IMT was cmpared with χ2 test, as well as the average IMT between the two groups, the influencing factors artery IMT was 50.98%(26/51) in DR group, and 33.33%(24/72) in NDR group, having a statistically significant showed the diabetic retinopathy risk factors were smoking(χ2=6.20, P<0.05), duration(t=-4.13, P<0.01). carotid artery IMT(t=-2.21, P<0.05), SBP(t=-2.37, P<0.05), and HDL-cholesterol(t=4.49, all P<0.01). 12.77, all P<0.01), carotid artery 1MT and smoking(χ2=6.05,4.15, all P<0.05). Conclusions Type 2 diabetic patients complicated with DR have a prominent increase in IMT thickening proportion and average IMT, which reveals the relationship between the DR and the IMT.

The purpose of this study was to fabricate decelluarized valve scaffold modified with polyethylene glycol nanoparticles loaded with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), by which to improve the extracellular matrix microenvironment for heart valve tissue engineering in vitro. Polyethylene glycol nanoparticles were obtained by an emulsion-crosslinking method, and their morphology was observed under a scanning electron microscope. Decelluarized valve scaffolds, prepared by using trypsinase and TritonX-100, were modified with nanoparticles by carbodiimide, and then TGF-β1 was loaded into them by adsorption. The TGF-β1 delivery of the fabricated scaffold was measured by asing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Whether unseeded or reseeded with myofibroblast from rats, the morphologic, biochemical and biomechanical characteristics of hybrid scaffolds were tested and compared with decelluarized scaffolds under the same conditions. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed a typical delivery of nanoparticles. The morphologic observations and biological data analysis indicated that fabricated scaffolds possessed advantageous biocompatibility and biomechanical property beyond decelluarized scaffolds. Altogether this study proved that it was feasible to fabricate the hybrid scaffold and effective to improve extracellular matrix microenvironment, which is beneficial for an application in heart valve tissue engineering.