Studies of biological feedback (BF) for the treatment of chronic prostatitis (CP) are occasionally reported have exhibited some related problems. This article presents an evaluation of the published literature on the BF treatment of CP at home and abroad in the aspects of instrument, method, application, effect, function, and mechanism. UROSTYMTM and MyoTrac are often employed and their operating paths are basically the same. NIH prostate symptom scores, urinary function, pain, sexual function, immune function, prostate fluid, and other indicators are generally used for the analysis of the effects of BF alone or in combination with other therapies on CP and its related symptoms. Either BF alone or BF combined with other therapies can promote urination, reduce pain, improve the quality of life, attenuate inflammation, improve sexual function, adjust immunity, and lessen physical and chemical stimulation. However, the relevant literature is of low quantity and quality, the reported studies are not standardized, and exploration of the action mechanisms is neglected.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatitis ; therapy ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo study the thin layer chromatographic (TLC) fingerprint of flavonoid constituents from Polygonatum odoratum, to set up the identification protocol of the herbal and provide scientific information for its quality control.

METHODThe ethanol extracts were separated on silica gel G precoated plate with a mixture of toluene-ethylacetate-formic acid (5:4:1) as the mobile phase. The spots were visualized with ammonia vapor, then were examined under ultraviolet light (365 nm). The plate was scanned at wavelengths of lambdaR = 500 nm, lambdaS = 280 nm.

RESULTA fingerprint of flavonoids of P. odoratum, with 10 specific fluorescent spots while examined under ultraviolet light, was set up.

CONCLUSIONThe method can be used for quality control of P. odoratum.

Chromatography, Thin Layer ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygonatum ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

AIMTo investigate the impact of CYP2C9 * 3 on the pharmacokinetics of glibenclamide and lornoxicam.

METHODSCYP2C9 * 3 was measured in 83 non-related Chinese subjects by PCR-RFLP. The pharmacokinetics of lornoxicam and glibenclamide were investigated in 18 subjects (7 with CYP2C9 * 1/* 3 genotype and 11 with * 1/* 1 genotype). Glibenclamide and lornoxicam in plasma were determined by the sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, separately.

RESULTSAfter a single oral dose of 2.5 mg glibenclamide, C(max) was (70.0 +/- 11.5) microg x L(-1) in CYP2C9 * 1/ * 3 subjects and (51.9 +/- 12.3) microg x L(-1) in * 1/ *1 subjects. AUC(0-infinity) were (435 +/- 47) vs (287 +/- 95) microg x h x L(-1) (in * 1/ * 3 vs * 1/ *1 subjects), and CL/F were (96 +/- 9.3) vs (160 +/- 51) mL x min(-1), respectively. Statistic analysis results indicated that glibenclamide AUC(0-infinity) was significantly higher (1.5-fold) and subsequently CL/F was significantly lower (40%) in CYP2C9 * 1/ * 3 subjects than those in * 1/ * 1 subjects (P < 0.01). After a single oral dose of 8 mg lornoxicam, C(max) was (1.54 +/- 0.24) mg x L(-1) in CYP2C9 * 1/ * 3 subjects and (1.19 +/- 0.37) mg x L(-1) in * 1/ * 1 subjects. AUC(o-infinity were (14.9 +/- 2.2) vs (6.92 +/- 1.48) mg x h x L(-1) (in * 1/ *3 vs * 1/ * 1 subjects), and CL/F were (9.1 +/- 1.2) vs (20.1 +/- 4.6) mL x min(-1), respectively. Statistic analysis results indicated that lornoxicam AUC(0-infinity) was significantly higher (2. 2-fold) and subsequently CL/F was significantly lower (55% ) in CYP2C9 * 1/ * 3 subjects than those in * 1/ * 1 subjects (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONCYP2C9 * 3 greatly affects both the pharmacokinetic profiles of glibenclamide and lornoxicam. The elimination of these drugs significantly decreased in subjects with CYP2C9 * 1/ * 3 genotype, especially lornoxicam.

Adult ; Alleles ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ; Genotype ; Glyburide ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Piroxicam ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of different preparation methods on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) of paclitaxel-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (PTX-PBCA-NPs) and optimize the preparation of PTX-PBCA-NPs.

METHODSWith DL and EE as the major indexes, the qualities of PTX-PBCA-NPs produced by the interfacial polymerization and emulsion polymerization method were compared. The optimized prescription was obtained by orthogonal design.

RESULTSThe ranges of EE of PTX-PBCA-NPs with the two methods were both 94.39%-99.23%. The highest DL with interfacial polymerization was (1.07-/+0.03)%, as compared to (0.86-/+0.01)% with emulsion polymerization. The optimized preparation conditions resulted in the mean size of PTX-PBCA-NPs of 235.6 nm, DL of 0.80%, and EE of 95.71%.

CONCLUSIONThe EE of PTX-PBCA-NPs prepared by the above two methods is consistent with the requirement of the Pharmacopoeia of China, and PTX-PBCA-NPs containing higher DL can be obtained via interfacial polymerization.

Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemical synthesis ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Enbucrilate ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Polymerization

ABSTRACT Clinical application of standards for reporting interventions in clinical trials of acupuncture (STRICTA) is introduced in this article, and improving opinions are proposed as well. STRICTA has already been extensively applied in designation of acupuncture clinical trials, composition of articles and quality assessment of acupuncture literature. According to the present version of STRICTA, it is suggested that items such as "standards and methods on acupoint selection and location", "angle and direction of needle insertion" and "whether the subjects ever have been acupunctured" should be further perfected. Individuated treat protocols which is highlighted on treatment according to differentiation of syndromes according to different opportunities and stages of diseases should be promoted so as to give better expression to the characteristics of Chinese medicine and enhance the clinical value of the relative literature.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; standards ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Quality Improvement

The chitosan/PHEA-blended hydrogels were prepared from PHEA and chitosan in various blend ratios. The water contents of the hydrogels were in the range of 50%-80% (wt). The attachment and growth of fibroblast cells(L929) on the hydrogels were studied. The results indicated the PHEA content in hydrogels has great effect on cell attachment but has little effect on the growth of L929 cells.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Cell Adhesion ; physiology ; Cell Division ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; physiology ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate ; chemistry ; Mice ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Water ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the role of cAMP in repair of hemisection of spinal cord in rats models.

METHODSRats models of spinal cord hemisection were made and cAMP were injected once in the motor cortex or continuously input in the lesion area or in the subarachnoid cistern for 3 d. NFs, GFAP, CSTs and spinal axons in the lesion areas were observed by immunohistochemistry and hind limb movements were evaluated in BBB scales.

RESULTSMany regenerated axons were presented in the lesion areas in cAMP groups though no continuous long regenerated axons traversed the lesion area when cAMP was input in the motor cortex or in the local lesion area. In control group, no regenerated axon were presented in the lesion areas. When cAMP was input in the subarachnoid cistern, only few-labelled CST axon survived and presented in the lesion area comparing no labelled CST axon presented in the lesion area. More NFs and less GFAP were distributed and extended in the lesion area in the cAMP groups. All the rats restored to normally walk 4-5 weeks after operations and no significance existed between cAMP groups and control groups comparing the BBB scales of hind limb movements.

CONCLUSIONcAMP injected in the brain cortex or continuously input in the lesion area can induce the axonal regeneration.

Administration, Topical ; Animals ; Cyclic AMP ; administration & dosage ; physiology ; Hindlimb ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the ideal method for correction of vermilion deformity in congenital cleft lip.

METHODSFrom Mar. 2010 to Jan. 2013, 68 cases with congenital cleft lip underwent vermilion deformities correction with composite skin-vermilion triangle fap and functional reposition of orbicularis oris muscle.

RESULTSPrimary healing was achieved in all the patients. 46 cases were followed up for 3 months to one year. Asymmetric thickness of vermilion and tubercle malposition happened in 8 cases. All the other patients had a satisfactory result with symmetric and fluent cupid' s bow and everting tubercle.

CONCLUSIONWell reposition of orbicularis oris muscle is key for correction of vermilion deformity and tubercle reconstruction. This technique is very simple and practical.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lip ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the micropermeability on bonding hydrophobic adhesive to dentin with ethanol-wet bonding under simulated pulp pressure.Methods Twenty-four intact human third molars were used in the study.After the enamel of occlusal surfaces was removed,the molars were randomly divided into six groups.Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose was used in the control group; in the experimental groups,the dentin surfaces were saturated with ethanol for 20 s ( group 1 ),1 min ( group 2 ),2 min ( group 3 ),3 min ( group 4 ) or with a series of increasing ethanol concentrations before application of hydrophobic adhesive ( group 5 ).All the bonding procedures were done under simulated pulp pressure.After 24 hours,micro-tensile bond strength test were performed on the specimens.Bonding interfaces were observed under laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) after the pulp chamber were filled with a water-soluble fluoroprobe rhodamine B for 3 hours.Results Compared with the control group[(38.14 ± 4.97 ) MPa],bond strengths in group 1 [(21.02 ± 7.23 ) MPa]and group 2 [( 29.64 ± 3.81 ) MPa]were statistically lower ( P ＞ 0.05 ),while bond strngth in group 3 [( 38.40 ± 5.03 ) MPa],group 4 [( 37.26 ± 4.68 ) MPa]and group 5[(40.12 ±5.95) MPa]were similar to the control group (P＜0.05).The images taken by LSCM showed that with extension of ethanol-wet time,the deposition of fluorescent dye in hybrid layer and along the dentinal tubules decreased gradually.Especially in group 5,only spare fluorescent dye deposition could be detected in the hybrid layer.Conclusions Dentin saturated with ethanol for more than 2 min before bonding hydrophobic adhesive to dentin could provide favorable bond strength and decreased the micropermeability of bonding interfaces under simulated pulp pressure.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in roots of P. fallax and their anti-oxidation activities in vitro.

METHODColumn chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of chemical constituents of the plant. The structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectral evidence and the physical and chemical character. The isolated compounds were screened with four anti-oxidation models in vitro.

RESULTSeven xanthones, 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (1), 1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (2), 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethoxyxanthone (3), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone (4), 7-hydroxy-1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (5), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone (6) and 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone (7), were isolated from the roots of P. fallax. And compounds 1 - 7 showed different anti-oxidation activities in the different pharmacological models.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 2, 3, 5 and 7 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Xanthones from this plant showed anti-oxidation activities. The pharmacological activities of the pure compounds from this plant were also reported for the first time.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Macrophages ; physiology ; Mitochondria, Liver ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; drug effects ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Rats ; Respiratory Burst ; drug effects ; Xanthones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology