ObjectiveTo explore the value of simvastatin in improving endothelial function in the patients with acute coronary syndromes in shorter time.Methods60 patients with acute coronary syndrome(acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina/non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) were randomized to be treated with placebo(n=30) or simvastatin 20 mg daily(n=30) for 3～5 d.At the admission and endpoint,Brachial ultrasound was used to measure endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation(FMD) and response to endothelium-independent nitroglycerin. ResultsFMD was unchanged with placebo,but increased with simvasatin,from(2.65±2.95)% to(4.19±2.59)%(P=0.027).Responses to nitroglycerin were similar during the time course of the study in the 2 groups.The improvement of FMD was not correlated with the level of TC(R2=0.081,P=0.37),LDL-C(R2=0.056,P=0.46) or HDL-C(R2=0.073,P=0.40).ConclusionSimvastatin initiated early after acute coronary syndromes rapidly improves endothelial function in short course.No correlation has been detected between the pharmacological effects of simvastatin with the fall in TC and LDL-C.

ObjectiveTo investigate influence of sedation and analgesia on stress reaction of post-cardiac surgery in infants with congenital heart disease.MethodsForty children with congenital heart disease were randomly divided into 2 groups after cardiac surgery.The analgesia group was given 0.5-2.0 ?g/(kg?h) fentanyl intravenous infusion in 20 children undergoing cardiovascular surgery.The control group was given 5-8 mg/(kg?dose) lbuprofen orally.Midaiolam 0.01-0.20 mg/(kg?h) was used in 2 groups for sedation by intravenous infusion or 0.05-0.10 mg/(kg?dose)by intravenous push intermittently.The effects and adverse effects of sedation and analgesia were observed on 2,8,24,48 h after surgery in each group.The levels of cortisol,growth hormone,insulin and blood glucose were measured,respectively.ResultsThere were significant differences in Ramsay,Comfort value on 2,8,24 h(Pa

Background Researches demonstrated that CpG ODN,a immunostimulatory sequences,has preventing and treating effect on allergic conjunctivitis caused by protein allergen.However,its effect on allergic conjunctivitis caused by fungal allergen is unclear. Objective This study aimed to investigate into whether the Th1-Th2 switching immunostimulatory CpG ODN could reverse the response in the murine allergic conjunctivitis model caused by aspergillus fumigatus. Methods A mixture of spores and hyphae of aspergillus fumigatus strain was used to induce allergic conjunctivitis in male BALB/C mice aged 6-8 weeks.This experiment was designed into preventive or therapeutical treatment program.Under both settings,allergic conjunctivitis of the animals were treated with CpG ODN,nonstimulatory GpC ODN or PBS.After the last challenge with the allergen,the clinical symptoms of the animals were scored based on the criteria of Magone.The animals were sacrificed and the histopathological examination of conjunctiva was performed.Expression of TLR4 mRNA in conjunctiva was analyzed by real-time PCR assay.The responsiveness and populations of lymphocytes in spleen and draining lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry.The use complied with the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results In the prevention mode.CpG ODN decreased subconjunctival infiltration compared with GpC ODN and PBS groups with the average neutrophil count index(21.25 ±11.59/section,30.75 ±11.44 section and 69.00±9.90/section,respectively).Expression of TLR4 mRNA was up-regulated significantly by CpG ODN.The clinical scores for CpG ODN group were insignificantly lower than those in GpC ODN group and PBS group(P＞0.05).In the therapeutic mode,compared with GpC ODN and PBS groups,the allergic symptom score in CpG ODN group manifested significantly lower(t=4.000.t=2.750,P＜0.01)and showed fewer cellular infiltration(t=4.870,t=3.829,P＜0.01)and higher expression of TLR4 mRNA(P＜0.01).In cultured splenic and draining lymph node cells,increased percentages of CD4+ CD25+ and CD4+ CD25+ CD69+ in CpG ODN group were observed compared with control groups(|P＜0.05). Conclusion CpG ODN can relieve aspergillus fumigatus-induced allergic conjunctivitis via either subconjunctival injection or topical application by upregulating expression of TLR4 and activating Treg lymphocytes.

Objective To isolate enterovirus 71 from a death children,and analyze whether the neurovirulence was related to the variation of nucleotide and amino acid. Methods Enterovirus 71 was isolated from throat swabs which were colleted from Shandong Linyi People's Hospital. The full length genome was sequenced by amplification with RT-PCR and sequencing of 9 overlapped gene fragments covering full length of the genomes. The nucleotide and amino acid sequenced was aligned by BLAST, Bioedit and MEGA 4. Results A strain of enterovirus 71 was isolated and named as SDLY107. The full length was 7405 bp. The results of homology analysis of overall nucleotide sequence showed that strain Fuyang. Anhui. P. R. C/17.08/2 had highest homology (98.6%)with strain SDLY107, and the homology was 80.0% between strain SDLY107 with prototype strain BrCr/70,and 86. 5% between strain SDLY107 with nerve strain MS/87. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the phylogeny was close between SDLY107 with some isolated strains from Chinese Mainland, such as Beijing, Henan, Guangxi, Sbenzhen, Lanzhou, Fuyang, Chongqing and Zhejiang strains, which was clustered for C4 subtype. The results of amino acid sequence analysis showed that there were 2 mutations, E947D and K1873R, for strain SDLY107. Conclusion SDLY107 belonged to C4 subtype, amino acid mutations E947D and K1873R of which may be relevant to the pathogenicity of EV71.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous Wnt5a on directional differentiation of K562 cells. Wnt5a and GFP condition mediums were prepared by recombinant adenoviral vector AdWnt5a and AdGFP transfecting CHO cells. K562 cells were treated with Wnt5a and the GFP condition mediums for 1 - 7 days as Wnt5a treated group and control group respectively. The morphological changes of K562 cells were observed by light microscope and electron microscope; the differentiation phenotypes of K562 cells were identified by the cytochemical staining of POX, PAS, alpha-NAE and immunocytochemistry of CD13, CD14, CD68, and the effect of Wnt5a on cell cycle distribution of K562 cells was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the morphology and ultrastructure of K562 cells treated by Wnt5a displayed differentiation mature feature; both POX and PAS staining showed higher positive ratio in Wnt5a treated group than that in control group; the alpha-NAE staining also was positive, but positive intensity in Wnt5a treated group could be inhibited up to 70% by NaF. The expressions of monocytic differentiation antigens of CD14, CD68 in Wnt5a treated group were higher than those in control group, but the expression differences of granulocytic differentiation antigen CD13 between Wnt5a treated group and control group were not significant. The cell cycle in treated group was blocked at G2 phase as compared with control group. It is concluded that exogenous Wnt5a can induce K562 cells to differentiate towards mature and K562 cells treated with Wnt5a displays features of differentiation towards monocytic lineage.
Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; CD13 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Culture Media ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; metabolism ; Phenotype ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Wnt-5a Protein

This study was aimed to investigate the expression level of Wnt5a gene in some hematologic diseases and leukemic cell lines so as to provide a basis for further research of Wnt5a role and its mechanism in hematologic malignancies. The mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and bone marrow were isolated by human lymphocytic isolation solution. The expression of Wnt5a gene in specimen of 31 cases and three leukemic cell lines (Jurkat, K562, HL-60) were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that in four out of five AML cases, negative or weak positive expressions were observed and negative expressions were observed also in K562 and HL-60 cells. Only in one AML case with complete remission and Jurkat cells the strong positive expressions were observed. The negative expression was observed in all six CML cases. In three out of four ALL cases, the expression was positive or weak positive and one negative. The expressions in two CLL cases were negative. Out of two MM cases, the expression in one was weak positive and in other was negative. Out of three lymphoma cases, the expression in one case was weak positive and in other two cases were negative. There were positive or weak positive expressions in two cases of AA, two cases of IDA, three cases of ITP, one cases of PV and ET cases. It is concluded that there have obvious down-regulated or lost expression of Wnt5a gene in 31 cases of hematologic disease and myelocytic leukemic cell lines except ALL samples. Nevertheless there have general positive expression of Wnt5a in cases of non-malignant hematologic diseases. These results suggest that the genesis of myelocytic leukemia is related to the down-regulated expression of Wnt5a.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Down-Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Wnt Proteins ; metabolism ; Wnt-5a Protein ; Young Adult

The DNA fragments of ag85b、esat-6、hsp65、mpb64 and ag85b-esat-6、hsp65-esat-6、mpb64-esat-6 were amplified by PCR and SOE technique.These seven fragments were inserted into pCDNA3.1(+)vector to construct recombinant plasmids pCA、pCE6、pCH、pCM、pCAE、pCHE and pCME.The seven plasmids were transfected into SP2/0 cell in vitro to detect the expression of target genes.BALB/c mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with the seven plasmids and the control vector pCDNA3.1(+)and PBS respectively.The serum antibodies and the spleen lymphocyte proliferation(SLP)and secreted IFN～? of spleen were tested.The results of indirect ELISA showed the levels of antibodies in all recombinant plasmids groups were significantly higher than the two control groups(P

AIMTo investigate the anticoagulant efficacy and mechanism of a semi-synthesized sodium beta-1,4-glucan sulfate (Na-MCS).

METHODSAnticoagulant activity was evaluated by means of coagulation assays in comparison with heparin. The anticoagulant mechanism of Na-MCS was disclosed by inhibitory analysis of the activities of coagulation factors using chromogenic substrates.

RESULTS0.6 microg x mL(-1) Na-MCS could significantly prolong APTT and TT, but has less effect on PT at an even higher concentration. The dosage of Na-MCS required to double APTT of normal human plasma was 0.7 microg x mL(-1), lower than that of heparin with the activity of 150 u x mg(-1).

CONCLUSIONNa-MCS represented a potent anticoagulation activity in vitro, which matched the efficacy of heparin in a certain range of concentrations. Na-MCS exhibited anticoagulant activity due to inhibition of the coagulation factors IIa and Xa by the mediation of anti-thrombin AT-III.

Anticoagulants ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Antithrombin III ; pharmacology ; Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Factor Xa ; metabolism ; Glucans ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Heparin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Prothrombin ; metabolism ; Prothrombin Time ; Thrombin Time

OBJECTIVEThe application and therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remains controversial. Previous studies have focused on the early pathological and biochemical outcomes and there is a lack of long-term functional evaluation. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term pathological and behavioral changes of early HBO therapy on neonatal rats with HIBD.

METHODSPostnatal 7 days (PD7) rat pups were randomly assigned into Control (n=18), HIBD (n=17) and HBO treatment groups (n=17). HIBD was induced by ligating the left common carotid, followed by 2 hrs hypoxia exposure in the HIBD and HBO treatment groups. The Control group was sham-operated and was not subjected to hypoxia exposure. The HBO therapy with 2 atmosphere absolutes began 0.5-1 hr after HIBD in the HIBD treatment group, once daily for 2 days. The spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by the Morris water maze test at PD37 to PD41. The morphological and histological changes of the brain, including brain weight, survival neurons, AchE positive unit and NOS positive neurons in hippocampal CA1 region, were detected at PD42.

RESULTSThe rats in the HIBD group displayed significant morphological and histological deficits, as well as severe spatial learning and memory disability. In the Morris water maze test, the mean escape latency were longer (56.35 +/- 22.37 s vs 23.07 +/- 16.28 s; P < 0.05) and the probe time and probe length were shorter in the HIBD group (29.29 +/- 6.06 s vs 51.21 +/- 4.59 s and 548 +/- 92 cm vs 989 +/- 101 cm; both P < 0.05) compared with the Control group. The left brain weight in the HIBD group was lighter than that in the Control group (0.601 +/- 0.59 g vs 0.984 +/- 0.18 g; P < 0.05). The survival neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region were less (100 +/- 27/mm vs 183 +/- 8/mm; P < 0.05), as well as the AchE-positive unit and NOS-positive neurons (18.50 +/- 2.24% vs 27.50 +/- 2.18% and 19.25 +/- 4.33 vs 33.75 +/- 5.57 respectively; P < 0.05) after HIBD. Early HBO treatment improved the abilities of spatial learning and alleviated the morphological and histological damage. The mean escape latency (39.17 +/- 21.20 s) was shortened, the probe time (36.84 +/- 4.36 s) and the probe length (686 +/- 76 cm) were longer, and the brain weight (0.768 +/- 0.85 g), the survival neurons (133 +/- 25/mm) and the AchE-positive unit (21.94 +/- 2.73%) increased significantly compared with those of the HIBD group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEarly HBO treatment resulted in a protective effect against HIBD-induced long-term brain morphological and histological deficits and spatial learning and memory disability.

Acetylcholinesterase ; analysis ; Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Escape Reaction ; Female ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; pathology ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; enzymology ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Maze Learning ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley