The event-related potential (ERP) is considered as one of the most effective methods to study and analyze objectively human mental activity based on nerve electrophysiology. At present, ERP is not only used in the study of lie detection, but also in the clinical medicine for the cognitive assessment on patients with cerebrovascular disease, dementia or traumatic brain injury and auxiliary diagnosis of mental illness. With the further development of ERP detection technology, it would have a wider application prospect in the field of forensic medicine.
Evoked Potentials/physiology* ; Forensic Medicine/trends* ; Humans

Taking Doctor HUANG Shi-ping as the representative, the school of Huang's golden needle is based on Chinese martial art. Golden needles are adopted as main tool. Attaching great importance on the combination of acupuncture and moxibustioin, it is also characterized with penetrating needling with long needles. Through the development of three generations, it once outshone other schools in the field of acupuncture, and became famous all over the world. It made great contribution to the development of the course of acupuncture. However, with the development of the history, the form of acupuncture education as well as apparatus were all undergone an unified reform. Therefore, Doctor HUANG Shi-ping's acupuncture school be lost gradually.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; instrumentation ; methods ; China ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Schools

Objective To observe the protein and mRNA expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in mammary gland tissue of lactating rats,and to explore iodine uptake mechanism.Methods Eighty adult Wistar rats (60 female and 20 male),weighting 210-250 g were selected.All female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their body mass:normal non-pregnant group,lactating for 5-,10-,15-and 20-day groups and weaning for 5 days group,10 rats in each group.All rats were fed with conventional fodder and tap water freely.In addition to the normal non-pregnant group,other five groups of female and male rats were mated at 3 ∶ 1,respectively.Then the rats in all groups were killed on the 5th,10th,15th and 20th day after lactation and on the 5th day after weaning to get the mammary gland tissue.The protein and mRNA expression of TSHR were determined by immunohistochemical staining and real-time quantitative PCR.Results TSHR protein was expressed in mammary acinar and ductal epithelial cytoplasm.The expression of TSHR in mammary gland showed significant differences between groups (x2 =14.612,P ＜ 0.05),the staining intensity of mammary gland tissue in normal non-pregnant rats(weak,n =4; moderate,n =6) was weaker than that of lactating for 5 days(weak,n =2; moderate,n =3; strong,n =5) and 10 days groups(barely detectable,n =1;moderate,n =4; strong,n =5; x2 =4.113,5.250,all P＜ 0.05).The expression of TSHR mRNA in mammary gland showed significant differences between groups(F=20.488,P ＜ 0.05); the expression of TSHR mRNA in lactating for 10 days group(0.31 ± 0.06) was higher than that of lactating for 5 days group(0.22 ± 0.04,P ＜ 0.01),and the expression of lactating for 15 days group (0.16 ± 0.08) was significantly lower than that of lactating for 5 days group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions TSHR is widely expressed in mammary gland of lactating rats.The iodine uptake of mammary gland is enhanced in early lactation period when the body may be more susceptible to iodine deficiency,therefore iodine should be supplemented reasonably.

OBJECTIVETo study a new method of simultaneous repair of alveolar cleft and the deformity of the nose and lip.

METHODS42 patients with cleft of alveolar process were included in this study. We filled the cleft of alveolar process with iliac cancellous bone and covered the depression of piriform aperture and the nasal side with iliac cartilage. Simultaneously, we corrected the nasal deformity using V-Y plasty of a mucosa-cartilage compound flap at the nasal vestibule.

RESULTSIn the patients aged 9 approximately 11 years, the mean height of the repaired alveolar process was 86.7%; the mean thickness was 89.6%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade I or II. The canine erupted at the place of bone grafting. The depression of the piriform aperture and alae nasi was repaired. The contour of the nares was symmetrical. In the patients over 12 years, the mean height of the alveolar process was 70.1%; the mean thickness was 71.7%; the contour and function of the alveolar process was grade II or III. The deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal dome was not ameliorated in 2 patients of 18 years old.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of iliac cancellous and chondral bone to simultaneously repair cleft of alveolar process and the nasal deformity is an ideal plastic method. It can recover the height of alveolar process and the continuity of dental arch, ameliorate the nasal deformity, and redress the deflexion of nasal dorsum and nasal end. It can also eliminate the psychological obstacle of the patients at an early stage.

Adolescent ; Alveolar Process ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw Abnormalities ; surgery ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Nose ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the travel,divisions,and the lengths,diameters,branches,artery supplies of the main segments of maxillary nerve.Methods Fifty formalin-preserved adult half-head specimens with intravascular injection of red color emulsion were used for the gross and microanatomical studies of maxillary nerve.The lengths,diameters,branches and artery supplies of four main segments of maxillary nerve were observed.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The length and diameter of cranial middle fossa segment of maxillary nerve were ( 10.70 ± 1.31 ) mm and (4.01 ± 0.52 )mm respectively,which was supplied by inferior-lateral cavernous sinus artery.The length and diameter of pterygopalatine fossa segment were (16.21 ± 1.80) mm and (3.27 ±0.62) mm respectively,in which one zygomatic branch, one to three posterior superior alveolar nerves, two ganglion branches and tuberal descending branches; were given off,and the segment was supplied by foramen rotundum artery.The length and diameter of infraorbital segment were ( 25.73 ± 2.03 ) mm and ( 3.30 ± 0.52 ) mm and it gave off middle superior alveolar nerve (64％) and anterior superior alveolar nerve and was supplied by infraorbital artery.Facial segment gave off superior labial branches,internal and external nasal branches,inferior palpebral branches,buccal branch and zygomatic branch and these branches were supplied by infraorbital artery and superior labial and angular artery originating from facial artery.Conclusions Understanding of travel and artery supply of maxillary nerve is helpful to regional anaesthesia and surgery for maxillary nerve.Foramen rotundum,sphenopalatine foramen and infraorbital nerve are important marks for endoscopic surgery in pterygopalatine fossa.

OBJECTIVETo explore whether fractional anisotropy (FA) value could be taken as a quantitative indicator for tracing and reexamining amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and to analyze the correlation between FA value and integrative medical treatment.

METHODSTotally 18 ALS patients were recruited in this study. All patients received diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using 3. OT (Propeller HD) MRI twice. Six regions of interest (ROI) were selected to measure FA values. Survival analyses were performed in 11 cases of end point events.

RESULTS(1) Three ROI (cerebral peduncle, posterior limb of internal capsule, and corona radiata) all indicated that FA value was the highest in patients with mild health status scale of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS/HSS). (2) There was statistical difference in the means of FA values in cerebral peduncle, posterior limb of internal capsule, and corona radiata of 18 cases between initial examination and reexamination (P < 0.01). (3) Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed the survival rate of ALS patients decreased as time went by, with the median survival time of 48 months.

CONCLUSIONSFA value was inversely proportional to the severity of ALS, the more severe, the lower FA values. FA value was an objective indicator for assessing the severity of ALS. ALS is an incurable disease till now. Integrative medical treatment might become one direction for ALS patients.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Anisotropy ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

The chemical property of cinnamaldehyde is unstable in vivo, although early experiments have shown its obvious therapeutic effects on viral myocarditis (VMC). To overcome this problem, we used cinnamaldehyde as a leading compound to synthesize derivatives. Five derivatives of cinnamaldehyde were synthesized: 4-methylcinnamaldehyde (1), 4-chlorocinnamaldehyde (2), 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (3), α-bromo-4-methylcinnamaldehyde (4), and α-bromo-4-chlorocinnamaldehyde (5). Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and HeLa cells infected by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) were used to evaluate their antiviral and cytotoxic effects. In vivo BALB/c mice were infected with CVB3 for establishing VMC models. Among the derivatives, compound 4 and 5 inhibited the CVB3 in HeLa cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations values of 11.38 ± 2.22 μM and 2.12 ± 0.37 μM, respectively. The 50% toxic concentrations of compound 4 and 5-treated cells were 39-fold and 87-fold higher than in the cinnamaldehyde group. Compound 4 and 5 effectively reduced the viral titers and cardiac pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, compound 4 and 5 significantly inhibited the secretion, mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in CVB3-infected cardiomyocytes, indicating that brominated cinnamaldehyde not only improved the anti-vital activities for VMC, but also had potent anti-inflammatory effects in cardiomyocytes induced by CVB3.
Animals ; Cytokines ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice ; Myocarditis* ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger ; Therapeutic Uses

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution, phenotype and development of pericytes in infantile hemangioma.

METHODSFifty-two infantile hemangioma samples were included in our study. alpha-SMA was used as the marker antigen to observe the distribution of pericytes. Transmission electron microscope and TUNEL method were used to analyze the apoptosis of pericytes.

RESULTSIn the early and middle proliferating stage, there existed many pericytes in hemangioma; Pericytes together with endothelial cells generated vasculogenesis. In the late proliferating stage, many pericytes became apoptotic. In the early involuting stage, there were only a few of pericytes around the microvessels; After that, the microvessels became obstruction progressively and pericytes disappeared finally.

CONCLUSIONSThe pericyte is one of the major constitutive cells of hemangioma. The vasculogenesis, development and disappearance of microvessels undertaken by pericytes and endothelial cells lead to the pathologic evolution of infantile hemangioma.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemangioma ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Pericytes ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study a new method for repair of facial depression and facial nerve defect after parotid carcinoma resection.

METHODS12 patients with parotid carcinoma and peripheral bone invasion were treated using facial nerve canal dissection and radical resection of the tumor, the parotid gland and the involved facial nerve and bone, including the mastoid, stylomastoid foramen, styloid process and the rear part of the mandible. A sternocleidomastoid muscle flap was elevated and transferred to repair the facial depression. The great annular nerve in the flap was anastomosed with the severed end of the facial nerve in the canal.

RESULTSThe depressed deformity of the parotid area was well corrected in 9 patients. The aesthetic results were compromised in 2 patients because of tumor recurrence and reoperation. The depressed deformity was not corrected in 1 patient because of infection. Postoperatively, the function of the facial nerve recovered to a normal level. The recovery time ranged from 12 to 20 weeks ,with an average of 16.3 weeks. The local control rate of tumor was improved.

CONCLUSIONSImmediate transplantation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle-great auricular nerve flap and facial nerve canal dissection in radical parotidectomy can repair the depressed deformity of the parotid area, restore facial nerve function,and decrease tumor recurrence. The method is an ideal operation with functional recovery.

Adult ; Cervical Plexus ; Facial Nerve ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Muscles ; transplantation ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; innervation ; Treatment Outcome

AIMTo study the pharmacokinetics of genistein in Beagle dogs.

METHODSGenistein, suspended in 0.5% CMC-Na solution, was orally administered to Beagle dogs at the dose of 5.34 mg.kg-1. At various time intervals, 1.5 mL of blood was drawn from the vein of dogs in their front legs. At the same time, urine and feces were collected. After the collection, the feces were homogenized with physiological saline (to 1 g feces, 10 mL physiological saline were added). The genistein in plasma, urine and homogenized feces was extracted twice by vortexing with 2.0 mL mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and pentane (8:2). The organic phase was transferred into tubes and evaporated in ventilation cabinet. The residue was dissolved in 50 microL of methanol and 20 microL of the solution was drawn and detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameter was calculated by 3P97 software.

RESULTSThe plasma concentration-time curve was fitted to a one-open-compartment model. The peak time was 0.29 h, and the elimination half-life was 0.52 h. After genistein was administered, 10.79% of genistein were excreted from urine and 21.55% from feces within 24 h. It was also found that 13.00% genistein were excreted from urine and 52.46% from feces within 60 h.

CONCLUSIONIt showed that the speed of absorption and elimination of genistein was high in Beagle dog, and genistein was mainly excreted in the form of parent compound in urine and feces.

Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dogs ; Feces ; chemistry ; Genistein ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine