Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34) on white matter structure of stroke patients. Methods 6 stroke patients with left hemiplegia in recovery stage were recruited. The sham acupoint was as control, the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in a 1.5 T SIEMENS scanner before and after acupuncture at Yanglingquan point was collected. Differences between the two conditions were compared with the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), which is one of FSL tools. Results The brain areas included left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, inferior frontal gyrus, internal capsule, fornix and bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, in which the verum acupuncture had stronger effect on fractional anisotropy (FA) than the sham acupuncture. White matter tract such as pyramidal tract, arcuate fasciculus, corpus callosum and other inter-cortex association fibers passed these brain areas. The fiber tracts and brain areas were found to be involved with multiple brain networks of motor compensation, somatosensory, language and cognition. Conclusion Compared with the sham point, acupuncture at Yanglingquan point can change the microstructure of stroke patients' white matter, mainly in the inaffected side and related to multiple functional networks.

?AlM: To observe the effect of Qingguang'an on elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery through the four Qingguang'an effective groups and Qingguang'an granules, to discuss and compare their mechanism of action on scarring area of filtration canal.?METHODS:Four effective components of Qingguang'an were used in groups D, E, F, G and H after glaucoma surgery, compared with group A ( blank ) , group B (model) and group C ( MMC) to observe the effect of elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring filtration canal.?RESULTS:Compared with the preoperative basic lOP and 2d , 1, 2, 4wk postoperative lOP of groups C, E and H, the lOP of three group rose up slower than other groups, and kept the lowest data at 28d. There was significant difference compared with the rest of A, B, D, F, G groups (P<0. 05). The area and density of elastic fiber in surgery group were significantly different with that of black control group ( P<0. 05 ), but there were no statistical differences between groups C and H, groups C and F, groups H and E (P>0. 05). The difference was statistically significant among other groups (P<0. 01).?CONCLUSlON:The scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery is the major reason which lead to the failure of surgery. Qingguang'an effective group 2, Qingguang'an granules and MMC could reduced the scar tissue by restrained the elastic fiber, TlMP - 1 and increased the MMP-7. By observing the experimental results that both Qingguang'an effective group 2 and Qingguang'an granules could restrained the scarring area of filtration canal, the effects were unbiased, Qingguang'an granules group is better than effective group 2.

The event-related potential (ERP) is considered as one of the most effective methods to study and analyze objectively human mental activity based on nerve electrophysiology. At present, ERP is not only used in the study of lie detection, but also in the clinical medicine for the cognitive assessment on patients with cerebrovascular disease, dementia or traumatic brain injury and auxiliary diagnosis of mental illness. With the further development of ERP detection technology, it would have a wider application prospect in the field of forensic medicine.
Evoked Potentials/physiology* ; Forensic Medicine/trends* ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo observe central immediate effect of acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34) on passive movement of cerebral infarction paitents with hemiplegia by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and provide reference for clinical treatment.

METHODSWith 1. 5 T MRI scanner, six cases of right cerebral infarction paitents with left hemiplegia in recovery stage were scanned during passive fingers movement before and after acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34), which was controlled with sham-acupoint acupuncture to observe immediate activated part of the corresponding brain.

RESULTSThe activated areas of the passive movement in all the patients were mainly motor sensory cortex on the right side. Compared with sham-acupoint, in the left anterior insula, in ferior frontal gyrus, central gyrus, fusiform gyrus, cerebellum, acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34) has better central effect. These areas were involved with several brain networks.

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture at Yan glingquan (GB 34) could promote recover of helmiplegia by regulating motor-related network.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Infarction ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement ; Radiography ; Treatment Outcome

INTRODUCTION: Singapore was one of the first countries affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic but has been able to prevent its healthcare system and intensive care units (ICU) from being overwhelmed. We describe the clinical features, management and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure admitted to our ICU. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of COVID-19 patients admitted to our ICU for respiratory failure from 7 February, with data censoring at 30 June 2020, was performed from a review of medical records. RESULTS: Twenty-two COVID-19 patients were admitted to our ICU for respiratory failure. The median age was 54.5 years (IQR 30-45.5), 72.7% were male and had at least one comorbidity. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores were 2.5 (IQR 1.25-7) and 10 (8.25-12) respectively. Thirteen patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and had a median PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 194 mmHg (IQR 173-213) after intubation. The 28-day survival was 100%, with 2 patients demising subsequently. The overall ICU mortality rate was 9.1% at the time of data censoring. In IMV survivors, length of IMV and ICU stay were 11 days (IQR 9-17.75) and 16 days (IQR 12-32) respectively. CONCLUSION Low COVID-19 ICU mortality was observed in our "pandemic-ready" ICU. This was achieved by having adequate surge capacity to facilitate early ICU admission and IMV, lung protective ventilation, and slow weaning. Being able to maintain clinical standards and evidence-based practices without having to resort to rationing contributed to better outcomes.
APACHE ; Adult ; Aged ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; mortality ; therapy ; Critical Care ; organization & administration ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications ; mortality ; therapy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; mortality ; therapy ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Singapore

INTRODUCTION: Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is a highly heterogenous disease. We describe the clinical characteristics of NCFB patients and evaluate the performance of Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI) in predicting mortality. METHODS: Patients attending the bronchiectasis clinic between August 2015 and April 2020 with radiologically proven bronchiectasis on computed tomography were recruited. Clinical characteristics, spirometry, radiology, microbiology and clinical course over a median period of 2.4 years is presented. RESULTS: A total of 168 patients were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. They were predominantly women (67.8%), Chinese (87.5%) and never-smokers (76.9%). Median age of diagnosis was 64 years (interquartile range 56-71) and the most common aetiology was "idiopathic" bronchiectasis (44.6%). Thirty-nine percent had normal spirometries. Compared to female patients, there were more smokers among the male patients (53.8% versus 8.5%, CONCLUSION The NCFB cohort in Singapore has unique characteristics with sex differences. Over half the patients had a history of haemoptysis. The BSI score is a useful predictor of mortality in our population.
Aged ; Bronchiectasis/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Medicine ; Severity of Illness Index ; Singapore/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of releasing the fibrous bundles across the levator muscle between the medial canthus and lateral canthsus near the top of tarsus in the correction of the congenital blepharoptosis.

METHODSTwenty-seven patients with 40 eyes of blepharoptosis were undergoing the treatment. It was performed by releasing the fibrous bundles across the levator muscle between the medial canthus and lateral canthsus near the top of tarsus to correct the mild and moderate blepharoptosis. A further procedure can also be added to by folding the levator aponeurosis if necessary. In the severe blepharoptosis, the frontalis aponeurose flap may be applied for the suspension as well during the operation.

RESULTSOf the 40 eyes in 27 cases with mild, moderate and severe blepharoptosis were treated by using this method, with 38 eyes corrected satisfactorily and 2 eyes corrected mostly in the following-ups from 3 months to 1 year.

CONCLUSIONThe above mentioned technique may be a good, simple and effect method to corret congenital blepharoptosis.

Adolescent ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Blepharoptosis ; congenital ; surgery ; Child ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Facial Muscles ; Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .

METHODSA total of 220 STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI from Guangdong general hospital were recruited. Patients were divided into four groups according to the quartile of hs-CRP (Q1 group:hs-CRP < 6.26 mg/L,Q2 group:6.26-14.44 mg/L, Q3 group:14.45-33.08 mg/L, Q4 group:hs-CRP > 33.08 mg/L) . Baseline data, CIN incidence and other in-hospital outcomes were compared among groups. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine of more than 5 mg/L from baseline within 48-72 hours after contrast media exposure. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic regression were used to assessed the correlation between hs-CRP and CIN.

RESULTSCIN occurred in 21 (9.8%) patients. CIN incidence of hs-CRP quartitles were 1.8%(1/55), 1.8% (1/55), 14.5% (8/55) and 20.0% (11/55) (P-trend < 0.01), respectively. In-hospital death (P-trend > 0.05) , required renal replace therapy (P-trend > 0.05) were similar among groups. ROC analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff value of hs-CRP to predict the onset of CIN was 16.85 mg/L (sensitivity: 81.0%, specificity: 61.8%, AUC: 0.748). Univariate logistic analysis showed that hs-CRP was strongly related with CIN incidence (OR = 6.88,95%CI:2.23-21.21, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting other traditional risk factors including female gender, anemia, ACEI/ARB use, IABP support, LVEF < 40%, age > 75 years, baseline eGFR and diabetes, hs-CRP > 16.85 mg/L was still a significant independent predictor of CIN in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. Additionally, age > 75 years (OR = 7.27,95%CI:1.85-28.63, P < 0.01), eGFR (OR = 6.38,95% CI:1.48-27.41, P < 0.05) were also independent risk factors of CIN.

CONCLUSIONShs-CRP is positively correlated with CIN incidence. STEMI patients with higher hs-CRP level post PCI is at higher risk of developing CIN.

Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Contrast Media ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; chemically induced ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; ROC Curve

OBJECTIVEUsing PCR-RDB to establish a new method for HBV genotyping, and to survey the distribution of HBV genotypes in the Foshan area.

METHODSBiotin-labeled primers for amplification of HBV region X (nt1550-1789) were used to amplify extracted HBV DNA. HBV was genotyped by hybridization of the PCR products with immobilized specific probes (genotype A to F) on C membrane. Color development was achieved by adding POD and TMB. A judgment was made according to color reactions. The reliability of this new method was verified by gene sequencing. 300 samples of HBV DNA-positive sera from the Foshan area were genotyped using this assay.

RESULTSOf the 300 sera genotyped by PCR-RBD, 147 (49.0%) cases were genotype B, 136 (45.3%) were genotype C, 1 (0.3%) genotype D, and 12 (4.0%) were mixtures of genotype B and C, and 4 (1.3%) were mixtures of genotype C and D. No genotype A, E or F were found. The results of PCR-RDB genotyping were consistent with the results obtained with sequence analysis.

CONCLUSIONThis newly established HBV genotyping system proved to be sensitive, specific, precise and economic, and should be suitable for clinical practice and epidemic study. The results of HBV genotyping show that genotype B and C are the predominant genotypes in the Foshan area.

DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study apoptosis and gene FasL expression induced by carbon disulfide in sertoli cells of male rats.

METHODSSertoli cells were exposed to different concentrations of CS(2) (0, 0.36, 0.72, 1.44 micromol/ml) for 24 hours. Survival rate, apoptosis rate, expression level of gene FasL were measured using MTT, FCM, and RT-PCR methods respectively.

RESULTSSertoli cell survival rate decreased as the concentration of CS(2) increased. The survival rate (73.34% +/- 1.39%) was significantly lower than the control group (99.98% +/- 5.48%) when the concentration of CS(2) > or = 1.44 micromol/ml (P < 0.05). Apoptosis rate increased as the CS(2) concentration increased. Apoptosis rate (7.93% +/- 0.43%) was significantly higher when the concentration of CS(2) > or = 1.44 micromol/ml (P < 0.05). Expression level of the FasL significantly increased as the concentrations of CS(2) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCS(2) is cytotoxic to sertoli cells. It could cause apoptosis of sertoli cells.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carbon Disulfide ; toxicity ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Sertoli Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Testis ; cytology